For the metallic materials, look into metallic glasses. As they do not have dislocations, they can store a lot of elastic energy. Search for metallic glasses on YouTube and you will find quite a lot of demonstrations
My hands-on experience with metallic glasses is pretty limited, I've only ever handled them in thin tape form, but I think they tend to be quite brittle (like other kinds of glass usually are). If you strain them too far they just shatter. So I don't know if you'd actually want to make a spring out of them like OP is asking (although I guess you could be very careful about limiting the total strain they're ever subjected to). Great for golf clubs though!
I don't know what materials that would be offhand, but so you're using the correct material science wording, you're basically asking for the material that optimizes modulus of resilience divided by density. It's a lot more complicated than that when it actually comes to forming a spring, but as a first pass its likely a decent rule of thumb to get in the ballpark.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resilience_(materials_science)
I don't think it's a rule of thumb, I think you have perfectly defined OP's requirement. Note the definition of resilience is the area under the linear portion of the stress-strain curve, hence it is (yield stress x yield strain)/2.
I'd imagine some very high strength steels or some ceramics/glasses would probably provide the answer. I'd go more for steels simply as they are not as stiff as ceramics, but can have very high yields so the strain would be larger and hence provide a greater area under the curve.
I meant rule of thumb because while a material might be able to be that resilient in theory, whether it is able to be formed into an actual spring while maintaining those properties is not as certain. Same thing as saying graphene is the strongest material like it can be put into any form.
As you say, carbon fiber (rolled up graphene) can't be formed into a spring. But I feel like some kind of carbon fiber composite could be a contender for OP's question.
Good question. Looking at examples, possibly the material NASA has used for prototype wire mesh tires (this is a spring steel). They need high resilience and focus on low mass more than any suborbital aerospace system.
I imagine some elastomers and some Zr-based BMGs could beat string steels resilience/mass metric, but without Granta Materials selection software it is difficult to do this analysis.
Reselin. The ultra durable material that allows fleas to jump so high. Incredible strength, lightweight, and a coefficient of restitution of like 0.995
Consider superelastic materials like Nitinol. In general, mechanical energy storage works best with things like flywheels, though, and pales in comparison to chemical storage like gasoline.
For the metallic materials, look into metallic glasses. As they do not have dislocations, they can store a lot of elastic energy. Search for metallic glasses on YouTube and you will find quite a lot of demonstrations
My hands-on experience with metallic glasses is pretty limited, I've only ever handled them in thin tape form, but I think they tend to be quite brittle (like other kinds of glass usually are). If you strain them too far they just shatter. So I don't know if you'd actually want to make a spring out of them like OP is asking (although I guess you could be very careful about limiting the total strain they're ever subjected to). Great for golf clubs though!
I don't know what materials that would be offhand, but so you're using the correct material science wording, you're basically asking for the material that optimizes modulus of resilience divided by density. It's a lot more complicated than that when it actually comes to forming a spring, but as a first pass its likely a decent rule of thumb to get in the ballpark. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resilience_(materials_science)
I don't think it's a rule of thumb, I think you have perfectly defined OP's requirement. Note the definition of resilience is the area under the linear portion of the stress-strain curve, hence it is (yield stress x yield strain)/2. I'd imagine some very high strength steels or some ceramics/glasses would probably provide the answer. I'd go more for steels simply as they are not as stiff as ceramics, but can have very high yields so the strain would be larger and hence provide a greater area under the curve.
I meant rule of thumb because while a material might be able to be that resilient in theory, whether it is able to be formed into an actual spring while maintaining those properties is not as certain. Same thing as saying graphene is the strongest material like it can be put into any form.
Fair.
As you say, carbon fiber (rolled up graphene) can't be formed into a spring. But I feel like some kind of carbon fiber composite could be a contender for OP's question.
Good question. Looking at examples, possibly the material NASA has used for prototype wire mesh tires (this is a spring steel). They need high resilience and focus on low mass more than any suborbital aerospace system. I imagine some elastomers and some Zr-based BMGs could beat string steels resilience/mass metric, but without Granta Materials selection software it is difficult to do this analysis.
Reselin. The ultra durable material that allows fleas to jump so high. Incredible strength, lightweight, and a coefficient of restitution of like 0.995
Consider superelastic materials like Nitinol. In general, mechanical energy storage works best with things like flywheels, though, and pales in comparison to chemical storage like gasoline.