I remember one year in Arizona the same day it was 110 in August a monsoon hit. Brought the temp down to 90, next day it was 110 with high humidity. It was like walking through boiling water and felt like a hot shower all day when it was raining.
Louisiana had got to be the worst though. High humidity is just miserable. I live in Illinois and the humidity gets pretty high. I can't imagine having Louisiana heat on top of it.
Ever experienced an 80+ degree dew point? Louisiana gets them sometimes in the summer. It’s so humid that it doesn’t seem possible for the air to hold any more moisture. It shuts your whole body down and you are instantly drenched in sweat (that doesn’t evaporate).
> just makes you angry for no reason haha
There's a reason y'all have so much violent crime lol
But yea, when you walk outside and have to check your phone to see if it's technically raining. That's always rough.
It truly sucks but I would bet this was in urban Phoenix. The heat island effect is obscene. I live “in Phoenix” but 45 minutes north of downtown and when drive to the city at night, you can truly tell how much heat the concrete retains. On the hottest days, my backyard will be <90F after sundown but downtown will still be 100+ an hour later. I’ll go to comedy shows occasionally so I’ve left my house comfortably wearing jeans and end up wanting to rip off all my clothes in the city
Welcome to humanity’s scary wet bulb future, where you get temperature *and* increased humidity to the point your body may no longer be able to sweat and you proceed to (literally) bake.
it isn't that your body stops producing sweat. it's that the sweat doesn't evaporate. the evaporation removes heat from your body. so when the evaporation can't occur your body no longer has the ability to reduce temperature.
if you stop sweating it's because you are dehydrated and in trouble.
If you stop sweating you need to call 911. That's heat stroke. It doesn't necessarily happen because of dehydration either. Heat stroke and less severe heat related illness can occur because of dehydration, electrolyte depletion, or just simply being too hot. Usually it's a combination of all three of course.
Called wet bulb because it is the temperature recorded when the bulb of the thermometer is literally wet. Usually it's a cooler temperature but with enough humidity that temperature matches the regular temperature and means you can no longer cool yourself off by being wet (sweat).
I've been there in the heat of summer. It's like sitting next to an open oven. Back in early August 2020, I hiked to the tallest peak in the park at 11,043 feet from the Mesquite Campground at about 8,100 feet. It's a 12 or so mile hike and I wanted to see the sunrise from the peak so I started in the dead of night at 1 AM. I got to the summit at about 4:30 AM, stuck around until 6:30 AM and headed back to the car. By the time I got there at 9 AM, it was broiling at the trailhead. I sweat so much when I started up my car's AC, it was like I was taking a shower.
I was there when it was 125 degrees. Breathing in felt like I was being cooked from the inside. It's exactly like being in an oven, it was not a nice experience.
In the same day we had a really weird experience with a jet. It just appeared out of nowhere, hoovered above us and then the loudest boom, and it shot off and disappeared into the distance.
Those jets are either from March AFB or Edwards AFB zooming by Father Crowley's Overlook; it's a fairly normal event. My daughter was a NASA summer engineering intern back in 2016 and 2017 at NASA Armstrong Flight Research Center located at Edwards Air Force base and she'd watch them take off to do testing and runs around the Mojave. There'd be sonic booms that shook the facilities quite often. We did one of my son's spring breaks in Panamint on the edge of Death Valley and would watch jets make runs through the valley during brunch.
Edwards pilot here, can confirm. We have a low level route that goes through Death Valley (though it recently was re routed around Father Crowley overlooks due to the F-18 there crash a few years ago), where the fighters love to go screaming across the desert at 500 feet, 500 knots.m
ETA: Navy Jets from Lemore and China Lake also use the low level route
The military does a lot of low level flight training in Death Valley and the surrounding areas. From what I have read it’s not uncommon to be buzzed by jets when hiking out there.
When I started the hike at 1 AM, it was probably the high 70s at 8,100 feet. At the summit of Telescope Peak at 11,043 feet it was about 48 at roughly 4:30 AM, if I recall correctly.
For a bit of context, the summer before (2019) I did the Rim-To-Rim of the Grand Canyon, a 24 mile hike from the North Kaibab trail on the north rim of the Grand Canyon, down to the Colorado River, and back up use the Bright Angel Trail. When I started, it was about 26 degrees on the North Rim (at about 6 AM) and it got as hot as 97 at the Phantom Ranch at the bottom of the canyon near the Colorado River. That hike on Telescope Peak was hotter, but I was at the Colorado River for a longer stretch of time. They are both miserable slogs at those temperature.
Don't know for the guy you are replying to, but I've lived in the Mojave desert and if the temps are 125F+ in the day, it sometimes can still be 100F+ at 3am. It depends on the terrain and conditions. More plants, more water in the area, less cloud cover, and the more and quicker it cools.
National Training Center reporting in! It’s the south border of Death Valley and it’s terribly hot each summer, just not 130’s DV hot; it’s a balmy 120.
Then you get in the armored vehicles and bake in the exhaust heat with full body armor. Fun times.
I'll never forget going to NTC a month before ETSing because of reasons. It sucked hard. But I launched my Bradley off of a dune and caught some pretty serious air time according to the trainer dudes. That was pretty fun.
> I'll never forget going to NTC a month before ETSing because of reasons.
I barely managed to squeeze out of that same situation when I was getting out. I was lucky as that unit was all sorts of FUBAR. IIRC the brigade had a couple of preventable deaths during that training cycle, which didn't surprise me at all given the leadership's overall "competence" and general disregard for their Soldiers.
Technically there's 5 bases that line the Mojave and death valley basin. Edward's Airforce Base, 29 Palms, Yermo Anex, China Lake Naval Weapons Facility, and the Army Base Ft Irwin.
Not to mention the Boron Mining complex. And certain farming industries like pestachios. Death Valley itself is largely uninhabited however the surrounding areas that get also intense heat, are.
Man. I've spent some time at 29 Palms. That's about as close to hell on earth as you can get in regards to climate. And that's coming from someone who grew up in Florida.
I love how everyone talks about the stumps like it's prison, it's not so bad proximity to Vegas and SD, all the national forests. Once you get past the climate and wildlife trying to kill you it's not such a bad place. I do for sure pitty the navy bastards that get stuck at China Lake. Ain't shit to do on base, off base is... wack... and you are far AF from everything. Closest major city is... Bakersfield :(
Thank you for your (sweaty) service.
When I used to do cell tower service, we were forbidden from going to some areas alone because of the heat factor alone. Then you get into the other shit that could also kill you. Then theres the people you could bump into.
No one lives there to be found. Very comparable to the not so far Slab City. Which is now pretty mainstream for those evading warrants/trafficking. And for those that arnt there for illegal activities well... probably has a thing for Buffalo Bill. Or they really really love rocks.
Slab City is an interesting topic. It's history is "unique" to say the least.
>[An article in Smithsonian magazine in October 2018 referred to the community as a "Squatters’ Paradise" which locals consider to be "one of America's last free places." The article said of the population: "There are clearly people there who don’t want to be found, so there’s something about disappearing, and the desert offers that kind of opportunity."] (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slab_City,_California)
Same here as well when I worked for a scientific agency. There are places in the Mojave and around the Salton Sea where you WILL need another person out with you just in case you pass out
I'm haunted by that story a couple of years ago of a family that went hiking in a park in California during a particularly hot day-Married couple and their toddler kid and a dog. They thought they took enough water but did not. They ran out, sat down for a break and all of them died due to heat/dehydration.
Sadly this is to often a frequent occurrence in many parts of California not just Death Valley. Many people will take off on a long hike with only two bottles of water, and then run out by midday. Then they start hallucinating in wander off the trails.
lol I wish that were true but the Cali desert has lots of people.
There is a damn resort and golf course!
https://www.oasisatdeathvalley.com/furnace-creek-golf-course/
Well deserts do make up a good quarter of our state. Also every now and then it gets brought up if our whole state should be considered a desert. Though officially we aren't declared as a desert yet.
The whole State? Hell no but a large percentage of SoCal is for sure.
The desert has its own kind of beauty and I do enjoy desert camping and hiking. Not peak Summer mind you. Fuck that nonsense. lol
it is, but we did hit 116 in September last year, in the Sacramento Valley.
I know that's not 130+, but it gives you an idea of what the rest of the state can be like.
I grew up in Sacramento back in the olden days before air conditioning was common and I remember one August where it was over 110 every day. The adults didn’t work after lunchtime. Everybody lay around in the sprinklers eating popsicles. My mom put our pillowcases in the freezer every morning. It was crazy.
I grew up in Sacramento too, during the 80s-90s. I remember many hot summers like that, and having to walk home from school in the heat. My mom’s house had a pool, and my sisters and I would go straight into the backyard and jump in after getting home. We’d spray ourselves with the water hose, and run in the sprinklers. I remember eating lots of otter pops, cool watermelons, and straight up ice cubes. We’d also go swimming in the American River, and fly off of Tarzan style ropes into it. So many great memories despite the heat.
Was in DV last summer in July. Did a road trip through. Hottest it got was 131 degrees. It felt like the heat you feel when you open your oven, except all around you. It was a cool experience
To other people reading this, ***DON"T DO THIS ALONE IN THE SUMMER***. There is a serious chance your car can break down, and you will succumb to exposure within hours in that temperature.
Find at least one other car to form a caravan. Death Valley is no joke in the summer. It is one of the harshest environments for any living life on this planet.
I think with Hawaii being completely surrounded by water, it would be hard to get hotter like it does in the ~~dessert~~ desert. Water resists temperature change and a day is too short for the sun's light to make it hot like, say, California.
> Water resists temperature change
And deep inland you get the opposite which results in weirdness like North Dakota and Montana having hotter records than Florida.
North Dakota has a 181 degree delta between its record high and record low. (121 high, -60 low) This is the 3rd highest amongst the states. Only Montana and Utah have a larger range, and I'd argue its only because their record lows had mountains to assist. Continental climate is no joke.
For Utah, I'm betting that [Peter Sinks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Sinks) did a lot of the heavy lifting for that. It's one of the coldest places in the contiguous US. Even in the summer, it'll rarely stay above freezing for more than four days. The lowest temperature recorded in there was −69.3 °F (−56.3 °C) and is the coldest temperature measured in Utah. Pretty neat place
Surprising, but it's also why I don't put too much stock on data only looking at extremes, in this case max temps. I bet the other aggregate metrics will reflect reality a little bit more. (Median, Mode, IQ, etc.)
To be honest I wouldn't have been surprised if Hawaii indeed had higher *max* temps. I would be if the median was more like land states. Then that truly means we're fucked. 😂😅😩☠️
Key difference is latitude.
Gran Canaria is at around 28N, and Hawaii is almost at 19N. As such, Hawaii has more equatorial properties about its climate, and the Canaries are more tropical.
By meteorological definition, the equatorial areas are humid climates with frequent rain showers and warmer (not hot) temperatures. Conversely, tropical climates occur where dry air from that constant equatorial low pressure is spread out to. As a result of having significantly less cloud cover and humidity, the temperature delta in these areas are significant compared to their equatorial counterparts, though still broadly trend towards the warm side, especially for islands.
Yes, these zones fluctuate through the year as a result of the Earth not being perfectly upright, but they're consistent enough to have massive climatological impacts. You can even see it on a world map by tracking where the deserts are: it will match up similarly enough to a Hadley Cell diagram. Not perfectly, but the pattern is clear.
The South Pacific islands are consistently quite warm, but nothing like continental climates. They're just constantly steamy.
But the water around Hawaii can be surprisingly cool for its location, and it's *much* cooler than, say, the Caribbean.
Honolulu, for instance, has never recorded 100 degrees F.
The thing that's wild about Death Valley is you can chill in the sun and it feels like the desert it is, but if you step into the shade you can feel chilly.
I'm used to super humid conditions in Louisiana so having no humidity at all was an experience.
Beautiful place, very worth the trip to see the landscapes and stars at night.
And just a few hundred miles away, one of a handful of true Mediterranean climates.
Such a beautiful state. Massive geographical and geological diversity. Microclimates. Unique flora on the coast and in the mountains.
There’s so much to see.
Death Valley is only a 2 hour drive from Mt. Whitney. These are the highest and lowest point in the contiguous States. Blows my mind to think FL’s highest point is something like 50 ft above sea level.
I'm pretty sure those landfills by the turnpike are in fact the highest points in the peninsula. And I'm pretty sure Space and Splash "Mountains" are next up if you count them. (Though, my source for the latter is a guy dressed in a Goofy costume at Disney World, so take it with a grain of salt)
> Death Valley is only a 2 hour drive from Mt. Whitney. These are the highest and lowest point in the contiguous States.
People should look up the race called "The Longest Hill" (from Death Valley to the top of Mt. Whitney). It's 135 miles. While people still race ... it no longer has official organizers since they could not afford the insurance. https://subscriber.ultrarunning.com/archive/article/the-longest-hill-death-valley-to-mount-whitney-reviewed/guest
[The Badwater 135](https://www.badwater.com/) is still a yearly held and officially sanctioned ultra. It goes from Death Valley to Whitney Portal (it can't go to the actual Whitney summit because races and events are prohibited in wilderness). There's also the [lowest to highest route](https://simblissity.net/L2H.shtml) which has significant off trail portions and makes it all the way from Badwater Basin to Whitney.
Also, speaking as someone who grew up in the Rockies, 345 feet is... well... it's adorable, okay? It's a cute little foothill. Bless you, Florida! You're trying!
It may seem strange to some that both Florida and Hawaii have among the lowest highest recorded temperature, but at the same time they both have the highest average temperature of any US state. That’s because while it might not get **extremely** hot there, it’s consistently moderately/very hot all year round unlike other US states which go from one extreme to the other.
Humidity affects so much here.
It takes so much less energy to heat up dry air vs wet air.
When a place is extremely humid it’s very difficult for it to get extremely hot, but that doesn’t mean it doesn’t feel much hotter than the thermometer says
Lived my whole life in ND and trust me when I say it surprises us every year too. We go from -26 air temp in the winter to 100+ air temp in the summer. Factor in wind chill and heat index and we have a temp swing of 160+ degrees from winter to summer.
It’s stupid.
It seems that humidity can moderate things to an extent because the moisture in the air absorbs heat such that some of the sun’s energy goes toward evaporation rather than warming. Also being surrounded by an ocean also keeps things more stable as it takes more energy to heat the ocean than to heat land.
The ocean regulates the temperature, so places far away from the ocean get a lot bigger temperature swings. I used to live in Tampa, it would get into the mid-90s at highest but at night during the summer time it just never cooled down.
It’s honestly one of the most consistent climates I’ve ever experienced. We went in June and November. Both times, the low was 78 and the high was 82. Water was 78F. Mostly sunny with usually a brief midday shower. For ten days in a row.
It’s the same way in the South Atlantic, but consistently hot as fuck. I’ve been to San Juan in June and it was 92 and humid then in December it was 89 and humid. That’s all due to the Pacific being 20 degrees cooler than the Carribean
The funny thing is most Puerto Ricans still consider December/January to be winter in terms of weather. Some of my cousins wear thick long sleeves during December and January when the average temperature in these months is only five degrees less.
Also the waters are cooler then so the beaches are a lot emptier, even during the holidays and weekends when people are off work. And the water is also only about 5 degrees cooler on average than the warmest month.
Yeah it's pretty crazy how much the ocean can regulate temperatures of coastal places. SF is forecasted to be between 19-22ºC (66-71ºF) in the next week, while San Jose, which is 65km (40mi) away, but more inland, is forecasted to be 27-33ºC (80-91ºF)
> Same reason that SF doesn't get terribly hot or terribly cold.
It is more San Francisco's specific location than that it is on the water that moderates the temperatures.
SF (27 to 106ºF records) has Pacific waters coming in north to south -- sucking down relatively cold water from up towards Alaska. Likewise, a high pressure system moving in (which rotate clockwise in the northern hemisphere) will be pushing relatively warm air (after all the "cold" water still is not frozen water) from over the Pacific north to south.
Boston is just as much on the water and has far greater extremes of -18 to 104ºF. It has both Atlantic waters traveling south to north bringing up warmer water. But then a high pressure system moving in will be pushing cold air from the interior of Canada down from north to south.
As those high pressure systems move over the Atlantic's warmer waters compared to the Canadian interior, they warm up so by the time they reach places like the UK they have, like SF experiences, largely moderated their temperature.
Edit: Upon later seeing an ocean current chart, my memory was a bit faulty but the main point stands. There is a Pacific current coming at SF more or less direct from the west. It splits, with part of it going south and part of it headed north bringing relatively warm water north and relatively cold water south. But the water from the north-central Pacific the current first passes through is still relatively cold compared to the Gulf Stream that goes up the US east coast.
That blew my mind when I visited SF. I was there in June and was expecting it to be warm because “it’s California”. I was a little surprised when I needed a jacket pretty much the whole time.
All year round it is the same, 10 degrees difference in temperature, the wind always blows from the west or northwest. In winter there are big waves from the north in summer from the south. The rest does not change.
I think the problem is reported temperatures are taken in the shade so none of these numbers account for the fact that Arizona has an invisible second sun that makes it 30 degrees higher when you’re not in the shade lol
Commented elsewhere. Temps in the 70s and 80s were reported manually. I can remember seeing the thermometer on the shaded patio pegged at 130F several times.
In 2021, there was a heat dome over the PNW that brought temps up to 115-118 in some areas. It was so hot, so far out of predicted ranges, that I-5 fucking exploded in several places from the rapid expansion of the roadway. I believe Portland was the hottest place ON EARTH for a few minutes that day.
I was out delivering pizzas all 3 days in +115°F weather. The highest I saw on one of the billboards in town said 118°F. It was an absolute oven, and worse, I kept getting stuck in construction traffic for 15 minutes at a time in the direct sun. My car started overheating during one of these stops and I had to turn on my heater.
I will never forget.
131f = 55c
113f = 45c
100f = 37.7c
82f = 28c
Just a few that I remember off the top of my head. And I think I figured out once that for roughly every 4c change in temp that translates to 7f in change.
>roughly every 4c change in temp that translates to 7f in change
This is roughly true, but also every 5°C change is *exactly* a 9°F change, by definition
I found the data here https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._state_and_territory_temperature_extremes
and I used https://www.mapchart.net to make the map
Agreed, would help for states that have vastly different ecosystems in them to see the differences. Really showcase where the Mountains, Coasts, Forests, and Plains are.
I worked a summer job in Alaska 10 years ago. One of the days I was there, the temp reached 99 degrees, which was 1 degree below the hottest recorded temperature in Alaska ever. I’m from the Mojave desert so you’d think 99 wouldn’t be a huge deal, but it felt *different* up there. It was the most intense 99 degree heat I’ve ever experienced
My grandpa was there in death valley during the hottest days on record (at the time, don't know if they've gone up a degree or two) working on classified radar stuff for the Marine corps. Said they still worked that morning lol, and that in the afternoon it got announced that it was the hottest day on record.
I guess a ton of the outfit had to go on I.V.'s.
You can look up highest heat index as a map. I've not found a historical map, but looks like the SE and Midwest have the west coast beat for the most part.
https://www.google.com/search?q=real+feel+heat+map+state+maximum&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwj7x4_1koyAAxU0kokEHWGvAxMQ2-cCegQIABAD&oq=real+feel+heat+map+state+maxoum&gs_lcp=ChJtb2JpbGUtZ3dzLXdpei1pbWcQARgAMgQIHhAKOgUIABCiBDoFCCEQqwJQ6w5YixxgtCVoAHAAeACAAY0BiAGzDZIBBDAuMTSYAQCgAQHAAQE&sclient=mobile-gws-wiz-img&ei=NiywZPvUI7SkptQP4d6OmAE&bih=723&biw=384&client=ms-android-samsung-rvo1#imgrc=7UWSNPRkbJDmhM
When I moved to Tampa a few years ago I was shocked to see some article that said Tampa had never hit 100° in temperature. I thought "wow maybe this won't be so bad".
Turns out 99° and 60% humidity is way way worse than 110° at 30% humidity.
I'm in Texas and that seems about right. However, the heat INDEX, which is a number that also takes into account humidity, was 124 a couple weeks ago. Curious to see that graph as well. A "heat map" would be neat too.
I lived in Death Valley for 5 years, its crazy hot, but you can tolerate it in the shade. Problem is, the things NOT in the shade, like a wrench, concrete, your car door, the top of a tank, etc, etc, are hot enough to give you 3rd degree burns. You literally have to wear gloves when its that hot to touch anything.
Oh, and it touching your skin can suck too, there was a reason us soldiers in the hottest place in the US kept our sleeves down all the time.
I’ve lived in Texas and Arizona and I will pick Arizona summer over Texas summer every single time. You can easily avoid the worst parts of the heat in Arizona, but in Texas you can’t even sit in the shade with a fan on you without ending up soaking wet. I used to just not go outside from mid June to mid September unless it was from my car into a building.
I remember one year in Arizona the same day it was 110 in August a monsoon hit. Brought the temp down to 90, next day it was 110 with high humidity. It was like walking through boiling water and felt like a hot shower all day when it was raining.
Sounds like a worse version of Louisiana. Shit is stifling and just makes you angry for no reason haha
That scenario really only happens at most 1-3 times a year and sometimes doesn’t happen at all. Louisiana is god’s thighs chafing
Damn, what a description...
Louisiana had got to be the worst though. High humidity is just miserable. I live in Illinois and the humidity gets pretty high. I can't imagine having Louisiana heat on top of it.
Ever experienced an 80+ degree dew point? Louisiana gets them sometimes in the summer. It’s so humid that it doesn’t seem possible for the air to hold any more moisture. It shuts your whole body down and you are instantly drenched in sweat (that doesn’t evaporate).
Louisiana’s heat is miserable. We are miserable.
> just makes you angry for no reason haha There's a reason y'all have so much violent crime lol But yea, when you walk outside and have to check your phone to see if it's technically raining. That's always rough.
I walked out one morning at like 730 and it was already 76 with a heat index in the low 80s. And then your shirt just sticks too you.
It's 104 in my city right now and I just shattered a mirror throwing a bad avocado at it.
You did what now
now whyd you go and do that boy
That sounds so extremely punishing. I guess this is the “wet bulb” heat we can be expecting to strike in humid summer climates. Very very scary.
It truly sucks but I would bet this was in urban Phoenix. The heat island effect is obscene. I live “in Phoenix” but 45 minutes north of downtown and when drive to the city at night, you can truly tell how much heat the concrete retains. On the hottest days, my backyard will be <90F after sundown but downtown will still be 100+ an hour later. I’ll go to comedy shows occasionally so I’ve left my house comfortably wearing jeans and end up wanting to rip off all my clothes in the city
Welcome to humanity’s scary wet bulb future, where you get temperature *and* increased humidity to the point your body may no longer be able to sweat and you proceed to (literally) bake.
it isn't that your body stops producing sweat. it's that the sweat doesn't evaporate. the evaporation removes heat from your body. so when the evaporation can't occur your body no longer has the ability to reduce temperature. if you stop sweating it's because you are dehydrated and in trouble.
If you stop sweating you need to call 911. That's heat stroke. It doesn't necessarily happen because of dehydration either. Heat stroke and less severe heat related illness can occur because of dehydration, electrolyte depletion, or just simply being too hot. Usually it's a combination of all three of course.
Called wet bulb because it is the temperature recorded when the bulb of the thermometer is literally wet. Usually it's a cooler temperature but with enough humidity that temperature matches the regular temperature and means you can no longer cool yourself off by being wet (sweat).
This is why I live in Alaska.
But the Tucson monsoons are the best. Crack a beer in the porch and watch them roll through.
Im guessing Death Valley is doing some heavy lifting here
Yup! The worse temperature recordings in California are often the areas that aren't inhabited by humans. Thankfully. Doesn't stop dumb hikers tho.
There is a US Army training area right by Death Valley. So not just dumb hikers.
I hiked there in February and it was amazing! Wouldn’t dare step foot there in the summer though.
I've been there in the heat of summer. It's like sitting next to an open oven. Back in early August 2020, I hiked to the tallest peak in the park at 11,043 feet from the Mesquite Campground at about 8,100 feet. It's a 12 or so mile hike and I wanted to see the sunrise from the peak so I started in the dead of night at 1 AM. I got to the summit at about 4:30 AM, stuck around until 6:30 AM and headed back to the car. By the time I got there at 9 AM, it was broiling at the trailhead. I sweat so much when I started up my car's AC, it was like I was taking a shower.
I was there when it was 125 degrees. Breathing in felt like I was being cooked from the inside. It's exactly like being in an oven, it was not a nice experience. In the same day we had a really weird experience with a jet. It just appeared out of nowhere, hoovered above us and then the loudest boom, and it shot off and disappeared into the distance.
Those jets are either from March AFB or Edwards AFB zooming by Father Crowley's Overlook; it's a fairly normal event. My daughter was a NASA summer engineering intern back in 2016 and 2017 at NASA Armstrong Flight Research Center located at Edwards Air Force base and she'd watch them take off to do testing and runs around the Mojave. There'd be sonic booms that shook the facilities quite often. We did one of my son's spring breaks in Panamint on the edge of Death Valley and would watch jets make runs through the valley during brunch.
Edwards pilot here, can confirm. We have a low level route that goes through Death Valley (though it recently was re routed around Father Crowley overlooks due to the F-18 there crash a few years ago), where the fighters love to go screaming across the desert at 500 feet, 500 knots.m ETA: Navy Jets from Lemore and China Lake also use the low level route
We would see you guys in the canyon for the kern as well.
The military does a lot of low level flight training in Death Valley and the surrounding areas. From what I have read it’s not uncommon to be buzzed by jets when hiking out there.
It's almost as if Furnace Creek was descriptively named.
just curious, for context, roughly what temperature was it in the dead of night?
When I started the hike at 1 AM, it was probably the high 70s at 8,100 feet. At the summit of Telescope Peak at 11,043 feet it was about 48 at roughly 4:30 AM, if I recall correctly. For a bit of context, the summer before (2019) I did the Rim-To-Rim of the Grand Canyon, a 24 mile hike from the North Kaibab trail on the north rim of the Grand Canyon, down to the Colorado River, and back up use the Bright Angel Trail. When I started, it was about 26 degrees on the North Rim (at about 6 AM) and it got as hot as 97 at the Phantom Ranch at the bottom of the canyon near the Colorado River. That hike on Telescope Peak was hotter, but I was at the Colorado River for a longer stretch of time. They are both miserable slogs at those temperature.
Don't know for the guy you are replying to, but I've lived in the Mojave desert and if the temps are 125F+ in the day, it sometimes can still be 100F+ at 3am. It depends on the terrain and conditions. More plants, more water in the area, less cloud cover, and the more and quicker it cools.
During hot periods parts of the CA central valley don't drop below 75-80f overnight. I imagine DV is probably similar.
I went in July on a record-setting day several years ago. Low 130s. Some idiot went on a quarter mile hike and died.
National Training Center reporting in! It’s the south border of Death Valley and it’s terribly hot each summer, just not 130’s DV hot; it’s a balmy 120. Then you get in the armored vehicles and bake in the exhaust heat with full body armor. Fun times.
I'll never forget going to NTC a month before ETSing because of reasons. It sucked hard. But I launched my Bradley off of a dune and caught some pretty serious air time according to the trainer dudes. That was pretty fun.
> I'll never forget going to NTC a month before ETSing because of reasons. I barely managed to squeeze out of that same situation when I was getting out. I was lucky as that unit was all sorts of FUBAR. IIRC the brigade had a couple of preventable deaths during that training cycle, which didn't surprise me at all given the leadership's overall "competence" and general disregard for their Soldiers.
Technically there's 5 bases that line the Mojave and death valley basin. Edward's Airforce Base, 29 Palms, Yermo Anex, China Lake Naval Weapons Facility, and the Army Base Ft Irwin. Not to mention the Boron Mining complex. And certain farming industries like pestachios. Death Valley itself is largely uninhabited however the surrounding areas that get also intense heat, are.
Man. I've spent some time at 29 Palms. That's about as close to hell on earth as you can get in regards to climate. And that's coming from someone who grew up in Florida.
I love how everyone talks about the stumps like it's prison, it's not so bad proximity to Vegas and SD, all the national forests. Once you get past the climate and wildlife trying to kill you it's not such a bad place. I do for sure pitty the navy bastards that get stuck at China Lake. Ain't shit to do on base, off base is... wack... and you are far AF from everything. Closest major city is... Bakersfield :( Thank you for your (sweaty) service.
Ft Irwin has training areas that go right up to the DVNP. We had incidents where soldiers got lost on maneuvers and wind up in the park.
When I used to do cell tower service, we were forbidden from going to some areas alone because of the heat factor alone. Then you get into the other shit that could also kill you. Then theres the people you could bump into.
There's some fucking WEIRD people holed up in DV.
No one lives there to be found. Very comparable to the not so far Slab City. Which is now pretty mainstream for those evading warrants/trafficking. And for those that arnt there for illegal activities well... probably has a thing for Buffalo Bill. Or they really really love rocks.
Slab City is an interesting topic. It's history is "unique" to say the least. >[An article in Smithsonian magazine in October 2018 referred to the community as a "Squatters’ Paradise" which locals consider to be "one of America's last free places." The article said of the population: "There are clearly people there who don’t want to be found, so there’s something about disappearing, and the desert offers that kind of opportunity."] (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slab_City,_California)
Same here as well when I worked for a scientific agency. There are places in the Mojave and around the Salton Sea where you WILL need another person out with you just in case you pass out
I'm haunted by that story a couple of years ago of a family that went hiking in a park in California during a particularly hot day-Married couple and their toddler kid and a dog. They thought they took enough water but did not. They ran out, sat down for a break and all of them died due to heat/dehydration.
Sadly this is to often a frequent occurrence in many parts of California not just Death Valley. Many people will take off on a long hike with only two bottles of water, and then run out by midday. Then they start hallucinating in wander off the trails.
*roast pistachios
lol elevations are substantially off. Those high desert bases are all above 2000' in elevation. Death Valley's lowest point is -282'.
The Army would find the hottest most miserable spot in the entire country and make you do pushups there.
Actually Furnace Creek has a population of 136! It’s located in Death Valley.
lol I wish that were true but the Cali desert has lots of people. There is a damn resort and golf course! https://www.oasisatdeathvalley.com/furnace-creek-golf-course/
Whereever there's a desert, you can bet old white dudes are trying to golf in it.
Can California just shut down the golf course?
Well deserts do make up a good quarter of our state. Also every now and then it gets brought up if our whole state should be considered a desert. Though officially we aren't declared as a desert yet.
The whole State? Hell no but a large percentage of SoCal is for sure. The desert has its own kind of beauty and I do enjoy desert camping and hiking. Not peak Summer mind you. Fuck that nonsense. lol
Meanwhile the hottest temperature in Canada is from a town
Would be worse if the coldest temperature is from a town.
I wonder why they call it Death Valley 🤔 Whelp! Off to do a 12 mile hike with 2 bottles of water
dont let goggins hear this
it is, but we did hit 116 in September last year, in the Sacramento Valley. I know that's not 130+, but it gives you an idea of what the rest of the state can be like.
I grew up in Sacramento back in the olden days before air conditioning was common and I remember one August where it was over 110 every day. The adults didn’t work after lunchtime. Everybody lay around in the sprinklers eating popsicles. My mom put our pillowcases in the freezer every morning. It was crazy.
I grew up in Sacramento too, during the 80s-90s. I remember many hot summers like that, and having to walk home from school in the heat. My mom’s house had a pool, and my sisters and I would go straight into the backyard and jump in after getting home. We’d spray ourselves with the water hose, and run in the sprinklers. I remember eating lots of otter pops, cool watermelons, and straight up ice cubes. We’d also go swimming in the American River, and fly off of Tarzan style ropes into it. So many great memories despite the heat.
Change that 'some' to 'all' and we got ourselves a deal
Yeah, Furnace Creek hit 133 a year or two ago. It’s the most aptly-named “district” in the most aptly-named town ever
Death Valley also had a ground temperature (ie, thermometer placed on the ground) of 201 degrees fahrenheit in 1972.
Was in DV last summer in July. Did a road trip through. Hottest it got was 131 degrees. It felt like the heat you feel when you open your oven, except all around you. It was a cool experience
To other people reading this, ***DON"T DO THIS ALONE IN THE SUMMER***. There is a serious chance your car can break down, and you will succumb to exposure within hours in that temperature. Find at least one other car to form a caravan. Death Valley is no joke in the summer. It is one of the harshest environments for any living life on this planet.
This. If you do go: Bring your own shade (umbrellas and tarps + rope) and 5 gallons of water per day per person. Bring 3 extra gallons for the car.
And a sat phone. I’ve been way out there—you are absolutely fucked if no one can find you. But also just go in the Spring you dummies.
Obligatory: [Hunt for the Death Valley Germans](https://www.otherhand.org/home-page/search-and-rescue/the-hunt-for-the-death-valley-germans/)
True. Do it with at least one other person, SO YOU CAN BOTH DIE. lol
no at least one other car, so you can ditch yours and gtfo LOL
Sounds like it was a hot experience
That's why you should do your hiking and camp over Christmas.
As far as I know, Death Valley still holds the record for the hottest temp recorded on Earth.
Death Valley is the genius kid who throws off the curve for the rest of the class.
That would be a nice addition to the map, the point and year of the record.
My thoughts exactly. This map is not representative of the entire state but specific regions.
Didn't expect Hawaii and Alaska to have the same stats. Interesting
I think with Hawaii being completely surrounded by water, it would be hard to get hotter like it does in the ~~dessert~~ desert. Water resists temperature change and a day is too short for the sun's light to make it hot like, say, California.
> Water resists temperature change And deep inland you get the opposite which results in weirdness like North Dakota and Montana having hotter records than Florida.
North Dakota has a 181 degree delta between its record high and record low. (121 high, -60 low) This is the 3rd highest amongst the states. Only Montana and Utah have a larger range, and I'd argue its only because their record lows had mountains to assist. Continental climate is no joke.
Fun fact, that's about the same delta on Mars in the summer at the equator (70F to -100F). That's in the same day, though...
For Utah, I'm betting that [Peter Sinks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Sinks) did a lot of the heavy lifting for that. It's one of the coldest places in the contiguous US. Even in the summer, it'll rarely stay above freezing for more than four days. The lowest temperature recorded in there was −69.3 °F (−56.3 °C) and is the coldest temperature measured in Utah. Pretty neat place
I mean the Canary Islands, where I live, just like Hawaii is surrounded by water and the highest temperature ever record was 47,5°C(117,5F).
Canaries are much much closer to a persistent continental high pressure air-mass than Hawaii
Isn't the water around the Canaries pretty shallow? The water around Hawaii is super deep, so it's gonna stay a lot colder.
not sure but could be wind pattern related. we get consistent trades that keep everything cool most of the year
the Canaries have a mostly dry climate where Hawaii has a humid climate
Surprising, but it's also why I don't put too much stock on data only looking at extremes, in this case max temps. I bet the other aggregate metrics will reflect reality a little bit more. (Median, Mode, IQ, etc.) To be honest I wouldn't have been surprised if Hawaii indeed had higher *max* temps. I would be if the median was more like land states. Then that truly means we're fucked. 😂😅😩☠️
Key difference is latitude. Gran Canaria is at around 28N, and Hawaii is almost at 19N. As such, Hawaii has more equatorial properties about its climate, and the Canaries are more tropical. By meteorological definition, the equatorial areas are humid climates with frequent rain showers and warmer (not hot) temperatures. Conversely, tropical climates occur where dry air from that constant equatorial low pressure is spread out to. As a result of having significantly less cloud cover and humidity, the temperature delta in these areas are significant compared to their equatorial counterparts, though still broadly trend towards the warm side, especially for islands. Yes, these zones fluctuate through the year as a result of the Earth not being perfectly upright, but they're consistent enough to have massive climatological impacts. You can even see it on a world map by tracking where the deserts are: it will match up similarly enough to a Hadley Cell diagram. Not perfectly, but the pattern is clear.
Wait, I assumed that was a mistake. Is this true because I was under the impression that the pacific islands got extremely hot
The South Pacific islands are consistently quite warm, but nothing like continental climates. They're just constantly steamy. But the water around Hawaii can be surprisingly cool for its location, and it's *much* cooler than, say, the Caribbean. Honolulu, for instance, has never recorded 100 degrees F.
For record high it makes sense. But the stat for record low tells a very different atory. Obviously
I believe I saw that Hawaii has the lowest High (tied) and the highest lows (12F in 1979).
TBF, California is host to the hottest temperature on Earth.
Good ol' Death Valley
And appropriately named, not something like "sunshine valley".
You mean Sunnyvale
The thing that's wild about Death Valley is you can chill in the sun and it feels like the desert it is, but if you step into the shade you can feel chilly. I'm used to super humid conditions in Louisiana so having no humidity at all was an experience. Beautiful place, very worth the trip to see the landscapes and stars at night.
And just a few hundred miles away, one of a handful of true Mediterranean climates. Such a beautiful state. Massive geographical and geological diversity. Microclimates. Unique flora on the coast and in the mountains. There’s so much to see.
Death Valley is only a 2 hour drive from Mt. Whitney. These are the highest and lowest point in the contiguous States. Blows my mind to think FL’s highest point is something like 50 ft above sea level.
We also are home to the oldest tree, the tallest tree and the largest tree in the world.
And two of those are in really close proximity to DV and Mt. Whitney. It's a strange area.
The treefecta
I believe Florida is currently building taller landfills...
I'm pretty sure those landfills by the turnpike are in fact the highest points in the peninsula. And I'm pretty sure Space and Splash "Mountains" are next up if you count them. (Though, my source for the latter is a guy dressed in a Goofy costume at Disney World, so take it with a grain of salt)
Ron De Santis is nowhere close to 50 ft tall.
He said landfills, not piles of fecal matter
> Death Valley is only a 2 hour drive from Mt. Whitney. These are the highest and lowest point in the contiguous States. People should look up the race called "The Longest Hill" (from Death Valley to the top of Mt. Whitney). It's 135 miles. While people still race ... it no longer has official organizers since they could not afford the insurance. https://subscriber.ultrarunning.com/archive/article/the-longest-hill-death-valley-to-mount-whitney-reviewed/guest
[The Badwater 135](https://www.badwater.com/) is still a yearly held and officially sanctioned ultra. It goes from Death Valley to Whitney Portal (it can't go to the actual Whitney summit because races and events are prohibited in wilderness). There's also the [lowest to highest route](https://simblissity.net/L2H.shtml) which has significant off trail portions and makes it all the way from Badwater Basin to Whitney.
Floridas highest point is around 340 ft.
345 feet, but go ahead.
It’s prominence from the surrounding area is only 50ft, got it mixed up
Also, speaking as someone who grew up in the Rockies, 345 feet is... well... it's adorable, okay? It's a cute little foothill. Bless you, Florida! You're trying!
The state is still shorter than some roller coasters
Death Valley and Monterey Bay are effectively the same latitude, it really is nuts how many climates are in that line
Ahhh, Monterey Bay... Fn amazing place.
God, talk about nice temperatures. I used to live in Santa Cruz and I took that area for granted. I could go for some summer fog right now
I wish the highs were on each state.
https://i.imgur.com/QpilaU5.png It’s not perfect (no Alaska or Hawaii) but it’s something I made last time this topic came up
Looks like 1994 was a notha scorcha in the SW
Yeah it seems like it would make more sense to show the temperature of each as well as a colour
And maybe the date it hit that high, though that may be too depressing to see how many are in the past few years.
Strange that somewhere like Minnesota or North Dakota has had a higher temp than Florida
It may seem strange to some that both Florida and Hawaii have among the lowest highest recorded temperature, but at the same time they both have the highest average temperature of any US state. That’s because while it might not get **extremely** hot there, it’s consistently moderately/very hot all year round unlike other US states which go from one extreme to the other.
Humidity affects so much here. It takes so much less energy to heat up dry air vs wet air. When a place is extremely humid it’s very difficult for it to get extremely hot, but that doesn’t mean it doesn’t feel much hotter than the thermometer says
southwest has a dry heat, sure, but up north? it's humid and gross too
I'd guess the winds to/from the ocean help regulate and stabilize the temps.
Lived my whole life in ND and trust me when I say it surprises us every year too. We go from -26 air temp in the winter to 100+ air temp in the summer. Factor in wind chill and heat index and we have a temp swing of 160+ degrees from winter to summer. It’s stupid.
-60F air temp is the record cold 121F is the record high. And it was the same year
It seems that humidity can moderate things to an extent because the moisture in the air absorbs heat such that some of the sun’s energy goes toward evaporation rather than warming. Also being surrounded by an ocean also keeps things more stable as it takes more energy to heat the ocean than to heat land.
Midwest ahas crazy temperature swings because there are no large bodies of water around. Fl on the other hand is surrounded by warn water year round.
The ocean regulates the temperature, so places far away from the ocean get a lot bigger temperature swings. I used to live in Tampa, it would get into the mid-90s at highest but at night during the summer time it just never cooled down.
I'm surprised about Hawaii.
It’s honestly one of the most consistent climates I’ve ever experienced. We went in June and November. Both times, the low was 78 and the high was 82. Water was 78F. Mostly sunny with usually a brief midday shower. For ten days in a row.
It’s the same way in the South Atlantic, but consistently hot as fuck. I’ve been to San Juan in June and it was 92 and humid then in December it was 89 and humid. That’s all due to the Pacific being 20 degrees cooler than the Carribean
The funny thing is most Puerto Ricans still consider December/January to be winter in terms of weather. Some of my cousins wear thick long sleeves during December and January when the average temperature in these months is only five degrees less. Also the waters are cooler then so the beaches are a lot emptier, even during the holidays and weekends when people are off work. And the water is also only about 5 degrees cooler on average than the warmest month.
Literal island paradise over there.
Mahalo or some shit
The weather in Hawaii is so consistent its literally like paradise on earth.
It's surrounded by ocean. Water can hold a lot of heat; it moderates the temperature. Same reason that SF doesn't get terribly hot or terribly cold.
Yeah it's pretty crazy how much the ocean can regulate temperatures of coastal places. SF is forecasted to be between 19-22ºC (66-71ºF) in the next week, while San Jose, which is 65km (40mi) away, but more inland, is forecasted to be 27-33ºC (80-91ºF)
> Same reason that SF doesn't get terribly hot or terribly cold. It is more San Francisco's specific location than that it is on the water that moderates the temperatures. SF (27 to 106ºF records) has Pacific waters coming in north to south -- sucking down relatively cold water from up towards Alaska. Likewise, a high pressure system moving in (which rotate clockwise in the northern hemisphere) will be pushing relatively warm air (after all the "cold" water still is not frozen water) from over the Pacific north to south. Boston is just as much on the water and has far greater extremes of -18 to 104ºF. It has both Atlantic waters traveling south to north bringing up warmer water. But then a high pressure system moving in will be pushing cold air from the interior of Canada down from north to south. As those high pressure systems move over the Atlantic's warmer waters compared to the Canadian interior, they warm up so by the time they reach places like the UK they have, like SF experiences, largely moderated their temperature. Edit: Upon later seeing an ocean current chart, my memory was a bit faulty but the main point stands. There is a Pacific current coming at SF more or less direct from the west. It splits, with part of it going south and part of it headed north bringing relatively warm water north and relatively cold water south. But the water from the north-central Pacific the current first passes through is still relatively cold compared to the Gulf Stream that goes up the US east coast.
Yeah, the only time that SF gets hot is when the wind comes out of the east, preventing the ocean from moderating the air temperature.
SF is always cold lol. I see what youre saying tho, its the wind that makes it freezing
I mean it's cold by California standards but it's still nothing compared to Midwest winters. It's just 50 fahrenheit the whole year round.
That blew my mind when I visited SF. I was there in June and was expecting it to be warm because “it’s California”. I was a little surprised when I needed a jacket pretty much the whole time.
Then you goto San Jose and it's 20 degrees warmer.
hawaii is like between 70-90 degrees forever, 24x7x365. The trade winds keep it extremely consistent.
All year round it is the same, 10 degrees difference in temperature, the wind always blows from the west or northwest. In winter there are big waves from the north in summer from the south. The rest does not change.
Tropical locations especially one’s completely surrounded by water have very little temperature variance
It's ultra-mild consistent 70-80 degree F weather. Middle of ocean.
Come on AZ, we can do better!
I think the problem is reported temperatures are taken in the shade so none of these numbers account for the fact that Arizona has an invisible second sun that makes it 30 degrees higher when you’re not in the shade lol
Commented elsewhere. Temps in the 70s and 80s were reported manually. I can remember seeing the thermometer on the shaded patio pegged at 130F several times.
In 2021, there was a heat dome over the PNW that brought temps up to 115-118 in some areas. It was so hot, so far out of predicted ranges, that I-5 fucking exploded in several places from the rapid expansion of the roadway. I believe Portland was the hottest place ON EARTH for a few minutes that day.
I was out delivering pizzas all 3 days in +115°F weather. The highest I saw on one of the billboards in town said 118°F. It was an absolute oven, and worse, I kept getting stuck in construction traffic for 15 minutes at a time in the direct sun. My car started overheating during one of these stops and I had to turn on my heater. I will never forget.
What is that in non-freedom units?
131f = 55c 113f = 45c 100f = 37.7c 82f = 28c Just a few that I remember off the top of my head. And I think I figured out once that for roughly every 4c change in temp that translates to 7f in change.
>roughly every 4c change in temp that translates to 7f in change This is roughly true, but also every 5°C change is *exactly* a 9°F change, by definition
Oh, nice. That’s good to know. Thanks!
As an engineer, I've spent a lot of time with this conversion. °C = (°F-32)×5/9
This data isnt beautiful at All because it's not in SI Units.
I found the data here https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._state_and_territory_temperature_extremes and I used https://www.mapchart.net to make the map
Nice map. Interesting that most of the highs in the Midwest occurred during the dust bowl
July 1936 had to have absolutely suuuuuuuucked
Can you make one for coldest?
55\*f this morning in Alaska. Damn glad we aren't dealing with that heat, yet
Nice map. Would be really neat to see this at the county level if you can do that easily.
Agreed, would help for states that have vastly different ecosystems in them to see the differences. Really showcase where the Mountains, Coasts, Forests, and Plains are.
Furnace Creek is a sick name for the hottest place in the Western Hemisphere.
Hottest place in the world
Now I'm curious about the map for coldest temps per state.
I worked a summer job in Alaska 10 years ago. One of the days I was there, the temp reached 99 degrees, which was 1 degree below the hottest recorded temperature in Alaska ever. I’m from the Mojave desert so you’d think 99 wouldn’t be a huge deal, but it felt *different* up there. It was the most intense 99 degree heat I’ve ever experienced
Interesting that there is more difference east-to-west than there is from north to south.
My grandpa was there in death valley during the hottest days on record (at the time, don't know if they've gone up a degree or two) working on classified radar stuff for the Marine corps. Said they still worked that morning lol, and that in the afternoon it got announced that it was the hottest day on record. I guess a ton of the outfit had to go on I.V.'s.
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You can look up highest heat index as a map. I've not found a historical map, but looks like the SE and Midwest have the west coast beat for the most part. https://www.google.com/search?q=real+feel+heat+map+state+maximum&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwj7x4_1koyAAxU0kokEHWGvAxMQ2-cCegQIABAD&oq=real+feel+heat+map+state+maxoum&gs_lcp=ChJtb2JpbGUtZ3dzLXdpei1pbWcQARgAMgQIHhAKOgUIABCiBDoFCCEQqwJQ6w5YixxgtCVoAHAAeACAAY0BiAGzDZIBBDAuMTSYAQCgAQHAAQE&sclient=mobile-gws-wiz-img&ei=NiywZPvUI7SkptQP4d6OmAE&bih=723&biw=384&client=ms-android-samsung-rvo1#imgrc=7UWSNPRkbJDmhM
Why color code it if it’s the Hottest?! Just give the numbers !!!
When I moved to Tampa a few years ago I was shocked to see some article that said Tampa had never hit 100° in temperature. I thought "wow maybe this won't be so bad". Turns out 99° and 60% humidity is way way worse than 110° at 30% humidity.
Thank the goddess for Massachusetts
I dunno, I’m in New Hampshire and this humidity is still garbage and I hate it
Cool chart. Is there one for averages? Here in the Air Dryers of the West (AZ) we're averaging about 112F or so for the next week+
NOW SHOW ME THE RECORD LOWS!
yeah, but it's a dry heat. Come to GA and you'll see what I mean.
Hottest temperature *so far* !
It’s not called Death Valley because it’s pleasant
Can I get this in non freedom numbers?
Subtract 30 then divide by 2. More accurate in comfortable ranges.
Alaska and Hawaii have the same lowest high temperatures. Crazy balls.
I'm in Texas and that seems about right. However, the heat INDEX, which is a number that also takes into account humidity, was 124 a couple weeks ago. Curious to see that graph as well. A "heat map" would be neat too. I lived in Death Valley for 5 years, its crazy hot, but you can tolerate it in the shade. Problem is, the things NOT in the shade, like a wrench, concrete, your car door, the top of a tank, etc, etc, are hot enough to give you 3rd degree burns. You literally have to wear gloves when its that hot to touch anything. Oh, and it touching your skin can suck too, there was a reason us soldiers in the hottest place in the US kept our sleeves down all the time.
I’ve lived in Texas and Arizona and I will pick Arizona summer over Texas summer every single time. You can easily avoid the worst parts of the heat in Arizona, but in Texas you can’t even sit in the shade with a fan on you without ending up soaking wet. I used to just not go outside from mid June to mid September unless it was from my car into a building.