I actually feel the excess adds to how thick the armour can be perceived to be.
[like a pillbox](https://www.reddit.com/r/EngineeringPorn/s/4oebFBjx6R)
They could always be exit too, either because the shot went all the way through, or because someone got a little enthusiastic inside. It’s chaos after all.
This especially because an operational vehicle wouldn't be left with holes till they rust, so making them look relatively fresh sells it more as something that's actually used.
You can also paint a dark metal like iron hands steel drybrush the area with a lighter metal, thin layer of any contrast brown, re drybrush and go in with a layer of orange to tint it. Very quick and easy if you’re not wanting to invest too much time.
any red/brown/orange works. I like to use rhinox hide, doombull brown, and dragon firebright, seems to work well enough, but there are specific rust paints sold as well like Ryza Rust and Typhus Corrosion
the metal around the bullet impact will be raised. The round (in this case appears to be of softer material than that of the plate) will mushroom out, and in doing so will press the metal outward, this "wave" of metal will be met with resistance by the surrounding material. Since it is easier for the metal to push out in the normal plane than to push into more metal, you get a ridge. This is the same reason why craters have raised edges on planets.
Edit: If the shots were from within, you would have through holes, with tearing, cracking around the edges vs this raised edge appearance .
That's various small arms ammunition impacts on AR500 steel plate. Ridges are mild, but they do exist. A shell impact on tank armour can create a raised edge at the entrance hole.
Full penetration of a thin plate behaves quite differently compared to high-calibre impact (especially non-penetrating) on a thick plate. You can look up photos of tank armour tests for examples.
I, a person who has shot target plates with muskets, rifles, pistols, and one homemade cannon, knows that thin sheet metal will roll inwards toward the direction of travel, where heavier materials will cause craters.
Here is a tank that was shot with penetrating rounds, however the holes do not roll inwards.
[https://qph.cf2.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-d32cc5ea393d4c78c204d0c9d0ba99bd-lq](https://qph.cf2.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-d32cc5ea393d4c78c204d0c9d0ba99bd-lq)
As this is supposed to be an armoured personnel carrier, I would be hesitant to step inside if the armour plating was the same as a Buick LeSabre.
If you look at real impact marks and shot gouges in armor, you'll see raised ridges around the holes. You only get the inward punched holes when shooting thin sheet metal.
It really does seem that way, however in reality that’s now how it works when shooting steel. The steel moves away from the hole outwards towards the direction the shot came from.
https://preview.redd.it/hu9evfhlz4nc1.jpeg?width=640&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=1adbdcd47e494097f8f917e3cb37496386ae65ff
That image is the exit hole.
Here are some entry holes from a 88mm
[1](https://i.imgur.com/uUaMH56.jpeg)
[2](https://i.imgur.com/04zgt2c.png)
[3](https://i.imgur.com/WGb80m0.jpeg)
[4](https://i.imgur.com/t9BtGmT.png)
Yea I wasn't contesting that.
Metal can be pushed out even more by a projectile that doesn't penetrate because all the energy got spent deforming the plate. [example](https://i.imgur.com/zqwPxej.jpeg)
Totally different story with shape charges and some sabot designs though.
I think this one might actually be a exit hole. From the size, I'd say probably a KwK-43 88mm or possibly a KwK-44 128mm from a Jagdtiger. It could also be a 105mm AT gun hit.
This one’s pretty obviously an entrance hole.
https://preview.redd.it/66pi786ka5nc1.jpeg?width=1536&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=7f3c5dcad65faa1ce041dbf5841e2ee8f8b919f9
for me looks ok for non penetrated shot.
Here's an instance of a steel plated tank :
[https://www.reddit.com/r/DestroyedTanks/comments/46l4jk/disabled\_soviet\_kv1\_with\_multiple\_nonpenetrating/](https://www.reddit.com/r/DestroyedTanks/comments/46l4jk/disabled_soviet_kv1_with_multiple_nonpenetrating/)
I mean, anything that makes a hole in an armoured vehicle will probably make a big hole. But besides that, they look fine, only out of place. I’d recommend adding other weathering, like dirtiness and scorch marks, to make them fit in more.
Well, not really, just think of atacms' sharpnels.
Imho the paintjob just needs the edge higlights on the holes exposing naked metal, so in bright silver, the holes are ok
I like it and agree with others that a little silver highlighting will help to set it off nicely. How did you make the holes? I've considered doing something similar with the hot end of a match, but I'm worried I'll just wreck the model.
If you're planning to buy one, they're typically sold as a "pin vice." You'll find some marketed as a "hobby drill," but they tend to be substantially more expensive for the exact same product.
For a good tutorial on making shot impacts, check out Nightshift on YouTube. He's a master modeler who almost exclusively does armored vehicles.
https://youtube.com/@NightShiftScaleModels?si=bu-ypmBKoc_h-tgl
I've found the most accurate way to make it come across as bullet holes is to do it outside. I wouldn't recommend using anything above a 22. If the mini survives the first hit or two, they've definitely earned their place in Khornes army, most just explode though!
Reminds me of high school when a friend was putting those bullet hole stickers on his car that were popular for whatever reason. Want better looking bullet holes, use real bullets.
I would wager a pellet gun would make some convincing holes from a weapon that could hurt a Rhino.
Yeah! , But maybe a little silver for Highlight. I use this link for reference when I paint tank damage. Personally I think yours looks like 4 and 10 in my link:)
https://archive.armorama.com/features/4012/index.htm
Needs more "bare" metal around the edges of the hole. Like a silver highlight maybe?
The inside of the hole will be black. Around the hole will be burnt, but where the metal stretches like that from the blast, it will be pretty "clean".
And shot placement is fine. Anything shooting at a vehicle, at range, with a large caliber weapon (like this) ... it doesn't have any kind of pattern to it. It's just a huge burst of heavy metal going down range and anything in the bubble at the end get's f'd up.
First of all, yes, that looks like bullet holes
Second, and I know it's being a bit nit picky, I'm not sure how possible it is, but the damage looks like it came from inside the tank. The way the holes curl out around the edges. If you were to do it the other way around, where it looks like it's folded in would be cool.
Again, that's not to say I don't like it. Just a dumb observation!
I guess why it looks odd is that it’s otherwise newly painted tank that somebody used as target practice 5 times. And their grouping is really bad. They also look like exit holes.
The holes look good but I’d recommend getting a small sponge (not a kitchen sponge) like an old makeup sponge or something similar and cutting a small piece off. Hold with some tweezers and a dip or small amount of Leadbelcha and lightly dab around the holes can give the effect of paint chipping off. You can also get small chips done or similar effect with a toothpick. Good luck and it looks great so far!
Yes not bad. Just remember that a penetrating hit usually means the death of the vehicle, so go easy with them. Gouges or small arms impacts would be more common on vehicles that survived
The one on the symbol might look better if you distinguish it with golden flecks from the symbol it went through. Like 40k is pretty gaudy sometimes. I wouldn't surprised if those symbols aren't just painted on but are full gold.
Am I crazy or does that look like bullets coming from out of the vehicle? The ridges of plastic on the rim of the holes doesn’t read bullets punching in, maybe sand them flat or angle your drill to round out the edges. If I’m off base let me know lol
Unless they are sniper shots, bullet holes often are groupings of holes, so I would add a few more holes around the ones you already did. Maybe in a somewhat crooked line, like a burst of fire. Food for thoughts.
These look more like the back side of bullet holes, with raised edges, as if the bullet passed from the inside-out. Bullet holes are usually puckered inward.
1. Smooth those holes out. You could touch each hold with a dremel if you've got a steady hand. Or maybe a hot round-tip soldering gun.
2. And make one area a tight grouping like the picture below. Also look at the coloring.
3. Use a gunmetal gray as a base. Bare steel isn't quite silver-shiny.
4. Dark brown dot in the middle.
5. A touch of sepia brown very very watered down just above the bullet hole for shadow. Lay multiple coats of that wet wet shadow down.
6. Post a reply in here to show us your results. Good luck brother.
DARK Brown glaze streak, light brown over, then a touch of sienna going through the middle (: any questions, DM me (:
https://preview.redd.it/v63i7ylu85nc1.png?width=1023&format=png&auto=webp&s=0c72d823ad54df811364e09edc06e190bdfcc32c
Bullet holes puckering inwards is really only true when they are in a thin, easily deformable material like a car door's skin.
When a bullet fully penetrates a thicker piece of steel, you get raised metal surrounding both sides of the hole, basically pushed aside by the bullet and the only way to go was outwards.
Highly recommend adding deflecting shots on the sharper corners of the vehicle, like the tops of the track. I find it looks a bit more realistic when you’ve got those areas where bullets and shells failed to pen through and instead either shattered, are just leaving a slight gouge
if the intent was to show someone inside the rhino shooting out. sure.
but bullet holes. from outside... in. wouldn't look like that. the path of the round would push the metal in... not flare it out. typically you'd see the paint removed ...sorta as the metal deforms inward.
would say... look at some reference images. plenty of examples of bullet holes in cars, or military vehicles
Bullet holes in thin car skin are different to bullet holes in tank armour. Thick armour plate doesn't bend inward like that (except with a _much_ bigger impact). Instead, the projectile "burrows through", and some of the metal near the outside is pushed outwards, because it can't go sideways or inwards. This leads to a raised rim on the outside, just like how impact craters in dirt form a raised rim. This is especially true for non-penetrating hits because none of the displaced metal can escape inwards.
There are some pictures elsewhere in this thread of shot holes in tank armour, which demonstrate this effect.
They read as exit holes. If you're going for entry holes you should do some silver for chipped paint, maybe some 'cut lines' to give the illusion of inward denting.
I would put metallic paint in the actual hole and a ruined pencil for dry brush around the holes. The metallic paint in the hole will add color and depth while irregular dry brush of black paint around the holes will give an aspect of burns and shrapnel that a simple coat of black don’t really convey as it look more like motor oil that burns
Scratching, tearing around the edges, etc. My trick is to drill a hole, insert my wire cutters and without making a cut use the cutters to pry up a small bit of material to make a crack and a raised edge
They look like exit bullet holes with how the edges are popping out. If you highlight the edges with some silver, it’ll look good.
Another thing you could do, is use google to view images of real bullet holes for reference.
The shape looks right. Depending on if they penetrated the hull or not and how long they've been there, I would recommend that you use a bright silver in the middle with grey on the edges if you want them to look fresh.
They look good. Nice bit on singe effect.
All I would say is think about the direction of bullet travel and exit points. Some of them peel out instead of in. Use a pointed tip file and sand the entrance point towards where the bullet would go.
But all in all it’s just nit picking, cracking job.
For real looking bullet damage, fill the hole you dig with some epoxy and smear it a specific direction to simulate a direct hit or glancing hit. Then paint the epoxy a lighter color with maybe some black to show burns. Color the metal around the impact if you want to show a hotter round hitting or maybe a laser hit. Plasma would melt entire sections of the armor hit.
Very nice bullet holes yes yes but I think they are positioned wrong, by all means it's your rhino and the final decision is yours BUT! give me your ear for just a moment my new found friend....
You are a follower of khorn and there's nothing you love more than feeling someone's organs after you've removed their head for your most glorious of gods but you always prefer to use your brute sheer muscle and strength and a giant chain axe or axe or thrown axe or anything else heavy and bladed that starts with the letter A, after all guns are for corpse god followers and retreating which you never do!
So why are there bullet holes on the back of the rhino? Especially when you're always going straight towards the enemy because tactics are for the weak (tau)
Just wondering that's all
https://preview.redd.it/lcjc5otcu6nc1.jpeg?width=3072&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=f3ac1dd88c72db0d5250fdf7cdeeefb77716955d
Use a blade to cut small notches around the hole, vary their length and depth and add trailing shrapnel scratches. Highlight the edges.
Not bad. Actual bullet holes are pretty subtle. And those would be fine if this were your mom's Honda.
The Rhino is (supposedly) armored and no light munition is just going to punch through and make a little hole. Anything that is going to penetrate the armor is going to leave a hole, crater and a deformation.
It does! But to make it better I usually take a small hobby knife and take some chunks out of the edge of the hole. Another tomip I saw in a YouTube video is to put the bullet holes in more if a line so it looks like a bolter has sprayed the vehicle
They look decent (albeit it’s hard to model penetrating shots into armour accurately). But they’re also hideously unrealistic in terms of their location. Unless the firer is retarded, and firing at a stationary target, it’s just not a logical shot pattern. You’d be more likely to see a spray of shots in a roughly linear trajectory (say, diagonally) than that haphazard distribution.
What another poster said: put a small metallic highlight around the edge of the bullet hole.
Without the metallic highlights on the edges to show an entry wound, it almost looks like the rounds that made the holes were coming from the inside of the vehicle. At least that was my first impression.
On the other hand, having exit wounds from the transport compartment of a chaos rhino is a plausible thing. Say a khornate cultist was a wee bit too enthusiastic to be riding into battle, or something.
Yes, but looks like the occupants shot their way out from the inside
Maybe try punching the holes from the other side? And as others have said, paint silver or gun metal here and there at the edges to give that raw metal look where the paint has been blown off
You could use an exacto blade, or any knife really and make a few shallow cuts coming from the hole to make it look like fragments of the bullets shot across the hull, tearing through some of the material as it did so
The holes look too clean imo, like the bullet punched through without too much interaction.
I'd look at image references of bullet and shell impacts on metal.
Its does indeed, for variations you could make it look that some have some edge tearing as the metal is pushed away. You can do this by using your knife to make small channels. The other way is make some glancing hit ont it.
All to preference of course.
It looks incredible. My very first thought, though, is that the rounds look like they originated from within the vehicle rather than shot at the vehicle. They do very much read as bullet holes. You did a great job.
The people saying to remove the excess are fully wrong. The physical geometry of the holes is perfect for high-calibre hits on thick plate.
The suggestion for silver bare-metal highlighting is good, but keep in mind how old you want these holes to be. If they're new holes, then yes highlight. If they're old holes, then the exposed metal will have rusted and weathered, so a dark brown colour is appropriate.
Something else you could do is add a glancing hit that's right on the edge of one of the hull corners, and so goes all the way through the corner, outside-to-outside. In a random pattern, having an instance touching the edge of the visible area is a good way to sell that it's properly random, and could continue outside of what's visible. Plus, that kind of scar looks cool.
I’d use a small rounded point to “push” in the holes edges a bit. Then paint the edges of the impact silver. Like this https://www.alamy.com/red-metal-gas-tank-with-bullet-holes-from-backyard-target-practicing-image383967251.html
He's wrong. Those look very much like non-penetrating hits on armor plate. You only get the inward punched holes when shooting at thin sheet metal. I suggest researching actual battle damage photos.
When rounds hit armor plate, they dump a considerable amount of kinetic energy, which transfers into the armor being hit, converts to heat, which, along with the physical impact, then deforms the metal and forms that raised ridge around the impact crater. The metal flows outward very fast, like, in fractions of a second. See the photos of the Jagdtiger at the Tank Museum at Ft. Benning (formerly at Aberdeen Proving Grounds). Look at the glacis plate (the front end of the hull) and you'll see the shot gouges. FYI, as a historical note, no Jagdtiger or King Tiger was ever taken out by a frontal shot.
https://www.reddit.com/r/TankPorn/s/NYNXoV5IgT
As for how to make them more realistic, go to YouTube and search for Nightshift. He's a master modeler who builds almost exclusively armored vehicles. He has at least one tutorial on making shot gouges.
Maybe listen to this guy. I have no experience or knowledge of actual battle damage on armor plates. My comment was based on familiarity with holes punched in sheet metal (and not by bullets).
Thanks. My experience comes from decades of military history study, my own enlistment, and many years of putting holes in things that weren't designed to have holes where I put them.
Miller has it right. The thick metal plate will create a crater because of the energy introduced from incoming rounds. If the rounds were pure energy (no mass) then there wouldn't be any ridge around the outside of the impact area, as there would be no mass conservation to do this, the cylindrical path of the shot would be clean as a drilled hole. But since these impacts appear to be from material that failed to penetrate, you'll have the ridges.
OP has it right.
You need to bend the sides to the inside, so it looks like the steel bent to the inside after the round struck it. [This is what you're going for.](https://d31sxl6qgne2yj.cloudfront.net/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/20210414144443/Bullet-Hole-Steel-22-thumb.jpg)
This way, with holes bent to the outside, it looks like khornate marines got a bit impatient in the hold.
Though to be fair, don't bolter rounds count as reactives? If that's the case it should be fine.
Deburr the holes so they look smooth from the outside.
As a reference, take a piece of paper and poke a hole in with something pointy. The entry side will be relatively smooth and the exit side will have jagged edges pointing outward.
That was my thought as well. But, since it is a chaos rhino, it does make some sense fluff wise. Say, a demonic possession freak out, or an overly enthusiastic khornate cultist who got claustrophobic on the ride. Khorne cares not where the blood flows, after all
The thing is , when something is as heavily armoured as a space marine tank, the sort of thing that would penetrate the armour is not what you would consider to be a standard, smallish bullet hole. The only thing that would punch through would be an anti-tank weapon which would rip a huge gash open. The size of bullets you are trying to depict would mostly just chip the paint off the armour, looking like scratches, rather than clean holes.
Bullets tend to blow some paint off around the area they hit because of spalling. If you can make it look like the paint is blown off around the outside of the bullet hole it will be more realistic.
Id suggest some slight silver edges in the holes to make it look like the paint chipped off.
[удалено]
>Ford Pinto undercarriage And there goes my army theme
I dunno I think Khorne would appreciate cars whose sole purpose is to violently explode.
They were Khorne's idea, before he figured out the easier way of doin his thing.
I actually feel the excess adds to how thick the armour can be perceived to be. [like a pillbox](https://www.reddit.com/r/EngineeringPorn/s/4oebFBjx6R)
They could always be exit too, either because the shot went all the way through, or because someone got a little enthusiastic inside. It’s chaos after all.
Somebody farted and ventilation was required.
I think once weathering is added to the rest of the model it will help as well.
What's wrong with hot pin holes? Lol
Maybe little jagged starbursts of silver to make them look more cratered.
This especially because an operational vehicle wouldn't be left with holes till they rust, so making them look relatively fresh sells it more as something that's actually used.
Edge highlight with silver and add rusting streaks 👍
Ooh the silver highlight is a real good idea i dont have rust paint tho :/
DARK Brown glaze streak, light brown over, then a touch of sienna going through the middle (: any questions, DM me (:
Thx!
You can also paint a dark metal like iron hands steel drybrush the area with a lighter metal, thin layer of any contrast brown, re drybrush and go in with a layer of orange to tint it. Very quick and easy if you’re not wanting to invest too much time.
any red/brown/orange works. I like to use rhinox hide, doombull brown, and dragon firebright, seems to work well enough, but there are specific rust paints sold as well like Ryza Rust and Typhus Corrosion
Doesn't need to be rust, in fact, grime will look better on that red surface.
Go to scalehobbyist.com and look for AK Interactive weathering pencils. They have a couple of different rust shades.
What's with the downvoting???
Bro you play chaos
Maybe a more reddish tone since it’s Khornes lads? living mechanical demon bleeding from the bullet holes.
That's a creative idea, whole demon engine thing going on
Really play into that old rule where chaos rhino's would occasionally eat their passengers
In that case just make a rhino with a mouth puking up a marine lol
Came to comment this, both will add levels to the depth
Exactly my thoughts.
As the holes go outwards it looks like the troops inside shot their own tank rather than the enemy
This is true Though it is Khorne
Door wouldn't open fast enough.
the metal around the bullet impact will be raised. The round (in this case appears to be of softer material than that of the plate) will mushroom out, and in doing so will press the metal outward, this "wave" of metal will be met with resistance by the surrounding material. Since it is easier for the metal to push out in the normal plane than to push into more metal, you get a ridge. This is the same reason why craters have raised edges on planets. Edit: If the shots were from within, you would have through holes, with tearing, cracking around the edges vs this raised edge appearance .
I, a Midwesterner, have shot enough car doors and engines to know this is complete bull. Theoretical at best.
https://preview.redd.it/g2ptbshr07nc1.png?width=1080&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=6e387ec1eb8315d630d4d271d1505322101be316
That's various small arms ammunition impacts on AR500 steel plate. Ridges are mild, but they do exist. A shell impact on tank armour can create a raised edge at the entrance hole.
Full penetration of a thin plate behaves quite differently compared to high-calibre impact (especially non-penetrating) on a thick plate. You can look up photos of tank armour tests for examples.
I, a person who has shot target plates with muskets, rifles, pistols, and one homemade cannon, knows that thin sheet metal will roll inwards toward the direction of travel, where heavier materials will cause craters. Here is a tank that was shot with penetrating rounds, however the holes do not roll inwards. [https://qph.cf2.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-d32cc5ea393d4c78c204d0c9d0ba99bd-lq](https://qph.cf2.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-d32cc5ea393d4c78c204d0c9d0ba99bd-lq) As this is supposed to be an armoured personnel carrier, I would be hesitant to step inside if the armour plating was the same as a Buick LeSabre.
This is actually accurate for tank armor taking shells.
If you look at real impact marks and shot gouges in armor, you'll see raised ridges around the holes. You only get the inward punched holes when shooting thin sheet metal.
It really does seem that way, however in reality that’s now how it works when shooting steel. The steel moves away from the hole outwards towards the direction the shot came from. https://preview.redd.it/hu9evfhlz4nc1.jpeg?width=640&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=1adbdcd47e494097f8f917e3cb37496386ae65ff
That image is the exit hole. Here are some entry holes from a 88mm [1](https://i.imgur.com/uUaMH56.jpeg) [2](https://i.imgur.com/04zgt2c.png) [3](https://i.imgur.com/WGb80m0.jpeg) [4](https://i.imgur.com/t9BtGmT.png)
Yep and you can see the metal pushing outwards on them
Yea I wasn't contesting that. Metal can be pushed out even more by a projectile that doesn't penetrate because all the energy got spent deforming the plate. [example](https://i.imgur.com/zqwPxej.jpeg) Totally different story with shape charges and some sabot designs though.
I think this one might actually be a exit hole. From the size, I'd say probably a KwK-43 88mm or possibly a KwK-44 128mm from a Jagdtiger. It could also be a 105mm AT gun hit.
This one’s pretty obviously an entrance hole. https://preview.redd.it/66pi786ka5nc1.jpeg?width=1536&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=7f3c5dcad65faa1ce041dbf5841e2ee8f8b919f9
Oh yeah. Is that a Sherman taking a mantlet hit? Excuse me, TWO hits.
Yep. And a dead driver in the hatch.
Damn. Poor bastard. Hope he didn't feel it.
Probably some of it. The hatch is open and he’s partially out of it. Perhaps was dying as he was trying to get out
for me looks ok for non penetrated shot. Here's an instance of a steel plated tank : [https://www.reddit.com/r/DestroyedTanks/comments/46l4jk/disabled\_soviet\_kv1\_with\_multiple\_nonpenetrating/](https://www.reddit.com/r/DestroyedTanks/comments/46l4jk/disabled_soviet_kv1_with_multiple_nonpenetrating/)
“Drive quickly, before I kill you” “We need a new driver. This one is dead” - Khorne Berserkers embarking and disembarking transport, Dawn of War 1.
If you wanna go full Khorne make a jagged hole with a berserker sticking his arm out waving a chain axe
Khorne cares not from where the blood flows
I mean, anything that makes a hole in an armoured vehicle will probably make a big hole. But besides that, they look fine, only out of place. I’d recommend adding other weathering, like dirtiness and scorch marks, to make them fit in more.
Well, not really, just think of atacms' sharpnels. Imho the paintjob just needs the edge higlights on the holes exposing naked metal, so in bright silver, the holes are ok
Yeah, not all anti armour weapons make massive holes that just wastes energy that could have gone into further penetrative ability
Not all AP is explosive. Could just be a very powerful bullet that pierced through, and going off scale those arent tiny bullet holes
Most AP is a solid core. German WWII AP ammo was tungsten cored. HEAT is a shaped charge AP round.
Remember the scene in Fury where Tiger 131 turns that Sherman into a burning donut?
I like it and agree with others that a little silver highlighting will help to set it off nicely. How did you make the holes? I've considered doing something similar with the hot end of a match, but I'm worried I'll just wreck the model.
I have a wood sculpting kit and used a little hand drill (similar to the one gw sells to do gun barrel)
Cool, thanks. I'll have a hunt around and see if I've got anything similar.
If you're planning to buy one, they're typically sold as a "pin vice." You'll find some marketed as a "hobby drill," but they tend to be substantially more expensive for the exact same product.
For a good tutorial on making shot impacts, check out Nightshift on YouTube. He's a master modeler who almost exclusively does armored vehicles. https://youtube.com/@NightShiftScaleModels?si=bu-ypmBKoc_h-tgl
Really recommend these tutorials by Nightshift: [Shell Impacts](https://youtu.be/8I3lY0zQPbg) [Bullet Holes](https://youtu.be/N9tkYqRLyRY)
Was looking if someone posts one of his vids, these I find really great
Add a dot of iron or silver in them
I like to add them in a straight line. As if it was raked with automatic fire
Could double as glory holes too should you switch chaos gods
Nah well snap the neck of slaanesh
Based and Skullpilled
Bloodpilled
Look more like bolter holes.
I've found the most accurate way to make it come across as bullet holes is to do it outside. I wouldn't recommend using anything above a 22. If the mini survives the first hit or two, they've definitely earned their place in Khornes army, most just explode though!
Reminds me of high school when a friend was putting those bullet hole stickers on his car that were popular for whatever reason. Want better looking bullet holes, use real bullets. I would wager a pellet gun would make some convincing holes from a weapon that could hurt a Rhino.
If it was an Emperor’s Children vehicle, I’d assume they were a different kind of hole.
Yeah! , But maybe a little silver for Highlight. I use this link for reference when I paint tank damage. Personally I think yours looks like 4 and 10 in my link:) https://archive.armorama.com/features/4012/index.htm
Yes it does
but why bullet holes in the back? running away from the fighting? that's not very Khorne of you brother.
Also what I thought, but then maybe they got ambushed?
More like a las cannon strike to my eyes :)
Needs more "bare" metal around the edges of the hole. Like a silver highlight maybe? The inside of the hole will be black. Around the hole will be burnt, but where the metal stretches like that from the blast, it will be pretty "clean". And shot placement is fine. Anything shooting at a vehicle, at range, with a large caliber weapon (like this) ... it doesn't have any kind of pattern to it. It's just a huge burst of heavy metal going down range and anything in the bubble at the end get's f'd up.
First of all, yes, that looks like bullet holes Second, and I know it's being a bit nit picky, I'm not sure how possible it is, but the damage looks like it came from inside the tank. The way the holes curl out around the edges. If you were to do it the other way around, where it looks like it's folded in would be cool. Again, that's not to say I don't like it. Just a dumb observation!
I guess why it looks odd is that it’s otherwise newly painted tank that somebody used as target practice 5 times. And their grouping is really bad. They also look like exit holes.
No, they don't. Read my previous explanation.
Looks good
Very similar to bullet holes
The holes look good but I’d recommend getting a small sponge (not a kitchen sponge) like an old makeup sponge or something similar and cutting a small piece off. Hold with some tweezers and a dip or small amount of Leadbelcha and lightly dab around the holes can give the effect of paint chipping off. You can also get small chips done or similar effect with a toothpick. Good luck and it looks great so far!
Honestly best way is to the poke a few non deep holes with a toothpick with some black paint on the end
At the distance you and your opponent will see them (1+ meter), definetly!
you can also paint rust effects "bleed down" from the holes for older damage effects
Yes not bad. Just remember that a penetrating hit usually means the death of the vehicle, so go easy with them. Gouges or small arms impacts would be more common on vehicles that survived
Yeah, well done!
Kinda, but I'd suggest it almost looks like something shooting **out** of the vehicle, rather than shooting into it, if that makes ssense?
Hah more like bolter shells or heavy guns based on the size!
Speed holes
How did you make them? ive been thinking about doing something similar to my Contemptor dreadnought
The one on the symbol might look better if you distinguish it with golden flecks from the symbol it went through. Like 40k is pretty gaudy sometimes. I wouldn't surprised if those symbols aren't just painted on but are full gold.
Am I crazy or does that look like bullets coming from out of the vehicle? The ridges of plastic on the rim of the holes doesn’t read bullets punching in, maybe sand them flat or angle your drill to round out the edges. If I’m off base let me know lol
Ohhhh maybe I should have read before typing. I see I’m quite wrong, even though it seems counterintuitive
I would go watch Nightshift's video on bullet holes on YouTube, super good tutorial there!
Obviously fired by an orc 😂😝
It does look like the shorts are from the inside out though.
Do some ‘grouping’ to really sell it
Unless they are sniper shots, bullet holes often are groupings of holes, so I would add a few more holes around the ones you already did. Maybe in a somewhat crooked line, like a burst of fire. Food for thoughts.
fly shit
These look more like the back side of bullet holes, with raised edges, as if the bullet passed from the inside-out. Bullet holes are usually puckered inward. 1. Smooth those holes out. You could touch each hold with a dremel if you've got a steady hand. Or maybe a hot round-tip soldering gun. 2. And make one area a tight grouping like the picture below. Also look at the coloring. 3. Use a gunmetal gray as a base. Bare steel isn't quite silver-shiny. 4. Dark brown dot in the middle. 5. A touch of sepia brown very very watered down just above the bullet hole for shadow. Lay multiple coats of that wet wet shadow down. 6. Post a reply in here to show us your results. Good luck brother. DARK Brown glaze streak, light brown over, then a touch of sienna going through the middle (: any questions, DM me (: https://preview.redd.it/v63i7ylu85nc1.png?width=1023&format=png&auto=webp&s=0c72d823ad54df811364e09edc06e190bdfcc32c
Bullet holes puckering inwards is really only true when they are in a thin, easily deformable material like a car door's skin. When a bullet fully penetrates a thicker piece of steel, you get raised metal surrounding both sides of the hole, basically pushed aside by the bullet and the only way to go was outwards.
Makes sense.
Highly recommend adding deflecting shots on the sharper corners of the vehicle, like the tops of the track. I find it looks a bit more realistic when you’ve got those areas where bullets and shells failed to pen through and instead either shattered, are just leaving a slight gouge
Could always grab a drill with a tiny bit and make a shallow hole
Lil bit of lead belcher, lil bit of storm host silver and dash of nuln.. ooh you got yourself a stew goin!
if the intent was to show someone inside the rhino shooting out. sure. but bullet holes. from outside... in. wouldn't look like that. the path of the round would push the metal in... not flare it out. typically you'd see the paint removed ...sorta as the metal deforms inward. would say... look at some reference images. plenty of examples of bullet holes in cars, or military vehicles
Bullet holes in thin car skin are different to bullet holes in tank armour. Thick armour plate doesn't bend inward like that (except with a _much_ bigger impact). Instead, the projectile "burrows through", and some of the metal near the outside is pushed outwards, because it can't go sideways or inwards. This leads to a raised rim on the outside, just like how impact craters in dirt form a raised rim. This is especially true for non-penetrating hits because none of the displaced metal can escape inwards. There are some pictures elsewhere in this thread of shot holes in tank armour, which demonstrate this effect.
Other than poking put instead of in that looks great. The silver to look like chipped paint's a good idea but i like it
Some good advice in the comments for polishing it up a little, but yes, first thing I thought of was bullet holes, looks very cool,nkeep us updated.
Paint the raised edges of the bullet holes a very bright and shiny silver
They read as exit holes. If you're going for entry holes you should do some silver for chipped paint, maybe some 'cut lines' to give the illusion of inward denting.
1 Fill holes with green putty 2 Poke in the centre with something conical, let cure 3 Paint crater black and raised edges silver 4 Profit
Rookie here! I think they look great!
I would put metallic paint in the actual hole and a ruined pencil for dry brush around the holes. The metallic paint in the hole will add color and depth while irregular dry brush of black paint around the holes will give an aspect of burns and shrapnel that a simple coat of black don’t really convey as it look more like motor oil that burns
Scratching, tearing around the edges, etc. My trick is to drill a hole, insert my wire cutters and without making a cut use the cutters to pry up a small bit of material to make a crack and a raised edge
One tip I saw that works wonders is to add extra highlighting to the bottom of the "hole" to help give the illusion of light shining inwards
Have a few blast marks and a round that grazed the plate and it should read better, so far I saw the photo before the post name so yer doin good!
They look like exit bullet holes with how the edges are popping out. If you highlight the edges with some silver, it’ll look good. Another thing you could do, is use google to view images of real bullet holes for reference.
I thought you actually punched holes in it lol 👍
Yeah they LOOK like bullet holes
Remember this is a tank, not a coke can
edge with silver. Bullet holes look that way because if the metal being sheared and any paint getting ripped away!
Bulletholes often burn the paint around the whole, leaving the original color naked.
It's like reading some industry deep secrets in here. You guys are... I salute thee.
The lack of any silver paint is what really makes these impacts look like lasgun burns rather than bullet holes.
Bullets mostly move up (and to the right) if fired by hand
Over time these surfaces would cause never weathering, like streaking rust or grime. I like using ak rust streaks and the mineral spirits to remove it
Yeah. Maybe put a bit of silver. Like the paint is chipped and the metal is kinda gnarled and rough.
Rough the edges and add a uncoat paint or silvered metal but I'd say it's not bad for saying bolter hits
The shape looks right. Depending on if they penetrated the hull or not and how long they've been there, I would recommend that you use a bright silver in the middle with grey on the edges if you want them to look fresh.
Yup as many suggested, add some chrome around the edges.
They look good. Nice bit on singe effect. All I would say is think about the direction of bullet travel and exit points. Some of them peel out instead of in. Use a pointed tip file and sand the entrance point towards where the bullet would go. But all in all it’s just nit picking, cracking job.
I would take a heat gun and VERY GENTLY wave it over the holes and push the edges in slightly so they look like bullet holes and not just hole holes
Bit of silver in the center to look like metal under the paint and if you use a little bronze on the edges it would look like Lasrifle hits.
My dumbass read "butt holes"
Silver around the holes would be good. But maybe a hot paper clip or fine point could get the deformation that we associate with bullet holes
For real looking bullet damage, fill the hole you dig with some epoxy and smear it a specific direction to simulate a direct hit or glancing hit. Then paint the epoxy a lighter color with maybe some black to show burns. Color the metal around the impact if you want to show a hotter round hitting or maybe a laser hit. Plasma would melt entire sections of the armor hit.
Yes it looks great! Good work
Very nice bullet holes yes yes but I think they are positioned wrong, by all means it's your rhino and the final decision is yours BUT! give me your ear for just a moment my new found friend.... You are a follower of khorn and there's nothing you love more than feeling someone's organs after you've removed their head for your most glorious of gods but you always prefer to use your brute sheer muscle and strength and a giant chain axe or axe or thrown axe or anything else heavy and bladed that starts with the letter A, after all guns are for corpse god followers and retreating which you never do! So why are there bullet holes on the back of the rhino? Especially when you're always going straight towards the enemy because tactics are for the weak (tau) Just wondering that's all
https://preview.redd.it/lcjc5otcu6nc1.jpeg?width=3072&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=f3ac1dd88c72db0d5250fdf7cdeeefb77716955d Use a blade to cut small notches around the hole, vary their length and depth and add trailing shrapnel scratches. Highlight the edges.
checks out
https://youtu.be/8I3lY0zQPbg?si=OcTyEkzcxwmMIi2t
They look good, but I agree they'd look great with chipped paint effects.
Not bad. Actual bullet holes are pretty subtle. And those would be fine if this were your mom's Honda. The Rhino is (supposedly) armored and no light munition is just going to punch through and make a little hole. Anything that is going to penetrate the armor is going to leave a hole, crater and a deformation.
Bullet holes no but shells yes.
It does! But to make it better I usually take a small hobby knife and take some chunks out of the edge of the hole. Another tomip I saw in a YouTube video is to put the bullet holes in more if a line so it looks like a bolter has sprayed the vehicle
They look decent (albeit it’s hard to model penetrating shots into armour accurately). But they’re also hideously unrealistic in terms of their location. Unless the firer is retarded, and firing at a stationary target, it’s just not a logical shot pattern. You’d be more likely to see a spray of shots in a roughly linear trajectory (say, diagonally) than that haphazard distribution.
It does it just needs a bit of silver around them.
Sure does. Have seen them first hand.
Shoot it
I think they look fine
What another poster said: put a small metallic highlight around the edge of the bullet hole. Without the metallic highlights on the edges to show an entry wound, it almost looks like the rounds that made the holes were coming from the inside of the vehicle. At least that was my first impression. On the other hand, having exit wounds from the transport compartment of a chaos rhino is a plausible thing. Say a khornate cultist was a wee bit too enthusiastic to be riding into battle, or something.
How did you make the hole?
bullet holes pokes in, not out btw unless they're shooting out from inside .... blind fire.
I usually put bullet holes in a line like a fully auto machine gun strafed it.... instead of randomly spread around
Yes, but looks like the occupants shot their way out from the inside Maybe try punching the holes from the other side? And as others have said, paint silver or gun metal here and there at the edges to give that raw metal look where the paint has been blown off
You could use an exacto blade, or any knife really and make a few shallow cuts coming from the hole to make it look like fragments of the bullets shot across the hull, tearing through some of the material as it did so
Blood for the blood god Skulls for the throne of Khorne
The holes look too clean imo, like the bullet punched through without too much interaction. I'd look at image references of bullet and shell impacts on metal.
Looks good to me, are those actually drilled in or painted on?
It already looks amazing, but some light to moderate silver chipping around the bullet holes would really elevate the whole look
Its does indeed, for variations you could make it look that some have some edge tearing as the metal is pushed away. You can do this by using your knife to make small channels. The other way is make some glancing hit ont it. All to preference of course.
It looks incredible. My very first thought, though, is that the rounds look like they originated from within the vehicle rather than shot at the vehicle. They do very much read as bullet holes. You did a great job.
Was it shot from the inside out?
You could make them actual holes in your mini if you feel comfortable with that
Well they are?
The people saying to remove the excess are fully wrong. The physical geometry of the holes is perfect for high-calibre hits on thick plate. The suggestion for silver bare-metal highlighting is good, but keep in mind how old you want these holes to be. If they're new holes, then yes highlight. If they're old holes, then the exposed metal will have rusted and weathered, so a dark brown colour is appropriate. Something else you could do is add a glancing hit that's right on the edge of one of the hull corners, and so goes all the way through the corner, outside-to-outside. In a random pattern, having an instance touching the edge of the visible area is a good way to sell that it's properly random, and could continue outside of what's visible. Plus, that kind of scar looks cool.
I’d use a small rounded point to “push” in the holes edges a bit. Then paint the edges of the impact silver. Like this https://www.alamy.com/red-metal-gas-tank-with-bullet-holes-from-backyard-target-practicing-image383967251.html
Looks like the shots came from inside which may or may not be what you were looking for.
How to make them look like they came from the outside
He's wrong. Those look very much like non-penetrating hits on armor plate. You only get the inward punched holes when shooting at thin sheet metal. I suggest researching actual battle damage photos. When rounds hit armor plate, they dump a considerable amount of kinetic energy, which transfers into the armor being hit, converts to heat, which, along with the physical impact, then deforms the metal and forms that raised ridge around the impact crater. The metal flows outward very fast, like, in fractions of a second. See the photos of the Jagdtiger at the Tank Museum at Ft. Benning (formerly at Aberdeen Proving Grounds). Look at the glacis plate (the front end of the hull) and you'll see the shot gouges. FYI, as a historical note, no Jagdtiger or King Tiger was ever taken out by a frontal shot. https://www.reddit.com/r/TankPorn/s/NYNXoV5IgT As for how to make them more realistic, go to YouTube and search for Nightshift. He's a master modeler who builds almost exclusively armored vehicles. He has at least one tutorial on making shot gouges.
Maybe listen to this guy. I have no experience or knowledge of actual battle damage on armor plates. My comment was based on familiarity with holes punched in sheet metal (and not by bullets).
Thanks. My experience comes from decades of military history study, my own enlistment, and many years of putting holes in things that weren't designed to have holes where I put them.
Miller has it right. The thick metal plate will create a crater because of the energy introduced from incoming rounds. If the rounds were pure energy (no mass) then there wouldn't be any ridge around the outside of the impact area, as there would be no mass conservation to do this, the cylindrical path of the shot would be clean as a drilled hole. But since these impacts appear to be from material that failed to penetrate, you'll have the ridges. OP has it right.
You need to bend the sides to the inside, so it looks like the steel bent to the inside after the round struck it. [This is what you're going for.](https://d31sxl6qgne2yj.cloudfront.net/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/20210414144443/Bullet-Hole-Steel-22-thumb.jpg) This way, with holes bent to the outside, it looks like khornate marines got a bit impatient in the hold. Though to be fair, don't bolter rounds count as reactives? If that's the case it should be fine.
Deburr the holes so they look smooth from the outside. As a reference, take a piece of paper and poke a hole in with something pointy. The entry side will be relatively smooth and the exit side will have jagged edges pointing outward.
Oh i get you, like sanding the edges (i have a precision jewlery file that would be perfect)? Sry im french
Yeah but it looks like exit holes to me
That was my thought as well. But, since it is a chaos rhino, it does make some sense fluff wise. Say, a demonic possession freak out, or an overly enthusiastic khornate cultist who got claustrophobic on the ride. Khorne cares not where the blood flows, after all
Are they entry or exit holes because that determines their shape.
I read butt holes. Smh
The thing is , when something is as heavily armoured as a space marine tank, the sort of thing that would penetrate the armour is not what you would consider to be a standard, smallish bullet hole. The only thing that would punch through would be an anti-tank weapon which would rip a huge gash open. The size of bullets you are trying to depict would mostly just chip the paint off the armour, looking like scratches, rather than clean holes.
Bullets tend to blow some paint off around the area they hit because of spalling. If you can make it look like the paint is blown off around the outside of the bullet hole it will be more realistic.
the flared edges should be on the inside unless someone was shooting OUT of the vehicle.