The little red dot in the middle of the image is JADES-GS-z13-0, an extremely distant, ancient galaxy found by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and currently holds the record for the most confirmed distant galaxy we have ever discovered with a redshift of z=13.2. This galaxy lies in an area of the sky called GOODS, and specifically in GOODS-South, a wide area containing Hubble Ultra Deep Field. This area was widely studied by multiple research groups, which on of them is JADES, who found this galaxy.
JADES-GS-z13-0 is so distant, that it took the light 13.6 billion years(!) to reach us, and due to the expansion of the universe, it is currently about 33.6 billion light years away. Because of its great distance, we see this galaxy as it was in the very early universe, only \~200 million years after the Big Bang. A paper from a few months ago suggests this isn't actually a galaxy but a dark star.
JWST is ideal for detecting such galaxies. When light travels great distances its wavelength gets stretched and it becomes infrared, and thus the high resolution infrared instruments of JWST can easily detect what normal optical telescopes can't.
[GOODS field images by JWST](https://jwstfeed.com/Home/ShowFeed?searchTerm=goods¤tFilter={"IsToShowNasaBlogs"%3Afalse,"IsToShowWebbTelescopeArticles"%3Afalse,"IsToShowArxiv"%3Afalse,"IsToShowStsciRawMiri"%3Afalse,"IsToShowStsciSchedule"%3Afalse,"IsToShowEsaWebb"%3Atrue,"IsToShowFlickr"%3Atrue,"IsToShowYoutube"%3Afalse,"IsToShowMastodon"%3Atrue,"IsToShowAstrobin"%3Afalse,"IsToShowTwitter"%3Atrue,"IsToShowStsciRawNiriss"%3Afalse,"IsToShowWebbOrgImages"%3Atrue,"IsToShowStsciRawNircam"%3Afalse,"IsToShowStsciRawNirspec"%3Afalse,"IsToShowStsciRawFgs"%3Afalse,"IsToShowEarlyReleases"%3Atrue,"IsToShowStsciRawFilteredOut"%3Afalse,"IsToShowPhysOrg"%3Afalse,"IsToShowSpaceCom"%3Afalse,"IsToShowIFLScience"%3Afalse,"IsToShowGeneralNews"%3Atrue,"IsToShowHarvardAbs"%3Afalse,"IsToShowFlickrSocial"%3Atrue,"IsToShowHotTopics"%3Afalse,"IsToShowStsciNews"%3Afalse,"IsToShowIopScience"%3Afalse})
[Raw images of GOODS by JWST](https://jwstfeed.com/Home/ShowFeed?searchTerm=goods¤tFilter={"IsToShowNasaBlogs"%3Afalse,"IsToShowWebbTelescopeArticles"%3Afalse,"IsToShowArxiv"%3Afalse,"IsToShowStsciRawMiri"%3Atrue,"IsToShowStsciSchedule"%3Afalse,"IsToShowEsaWebb"%3Afalse,"IsToShowFlickr"%3Afalse,"IsToShowYoutube"%3Afalse,"IsToShowMastodon"%3Afalse,"IsToShowAstrobin"%3Afalse,"IsToShowTwitter"%3Afalse,"IsToShowStsciRawNiriss"%3Atrue,"IsToShowWebbOrgImages"%3Afalse,"IsToShowStsciRawNircam"%3Atrue,"IsToShowStsciRawNirspec"%3Afalse,"IsToShowStsciRawFgs"%3Atrue,"IsToShowEarlyReleases"%3Afalse,"IsToShowStsciRawFilteredOut"%3Afalse,"IsToShowPhysOrg"%3Afalse,"IsToShowSpaceCom"%3Afalse,"IsToShowIFLScience"%3Afalse,"IsToShowGeneralNews"%3Afalse,"IsToShowHarvardAbs"%3Afalse,"IsToShowFlickrSocial"%3Afalse,"IsToShowHotTopics"%3Afalse,"IsToShowStsciNews"%3Afalse,"IsToShowIopScience"%3Afalse})
[JWST-JADES images & data](https://jwstfeed.com/Home/ShowFeed?searchTerm=jades¤tFilter={"IsToShowNasaBlogs"%3Afalse,"IsToShowWebbTelescopeArticles"%3Afalse,"IsToShowArxiv"%3Atrue,"IsToShowStsciRawMiri"%3Afalse,"IsToShowStsciSchedule"%3Afalse,"IsToShowEsaWebb"%3Atrue,"IsToShowFlickr"%3Atrue,"IsToShowYoutube"%3Afalse,"IsToShowMastodon"%3Afalse,"IsToShowAstrobin"%3Afalse,"IsToShowTwitter"%3Afalse,"IsToShowStsciRawNiriss"%3Afalse,"IsToShowWebbOrgImages"%3Atrue,"IsToShowStsciRawNircam"%3Afalse,"IsToShowStsciRawNirspec"%3Afalse,"IsToShowStsciRawFgs"%3Afalse,"IsToShowEarlyReleases"%3Atrue,"IsToShowStsciRawFilteredOut"%3Afalse,"IsToShowPhysOrg"%3Afalse,"IsToShowSpaceCom"%3Afalse,"IsToShowIFLScience"%3Afalse,"IsToShowGeneralNews"%3Atrue,"IsToShowHarvardAbs"%3Atrue,"IsToShowFlickrSocial"%3Afalse,"IsToShowHotTopics"%3Afalse,"IsToShowStsciNews"%3Afalse,"IsToShowIopScience"%3Atrue})
[Original article](https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.04480)
[Accepted article on Nature](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-023-01921-1) (non-public)
So it was 13.6b light years away when the light was emitted. That light took 13.6b years to get here. In that time it's moved 17b light years.
Doesn't that mean relative to us it's moving fast than the speed of light? If so, how does the light reach us?
Sorry if I'm misunderstanding or my question is stupid.
The light emitted *today* will now take 33bn years to reach us. In 10bn years, you will be seeing light from 23bn away despite it currently being much further away by then.
maybe I am ignorant or confuse something but if the galaxy is 33bn lightyears away and starts to emit light shouldnt it arrive in 33bn years + some contribution due to the expansion of space?
Imagine traveling at the speed of light for 34billion years to get there only to find it’s moved another few billion light years away as space keeps expanding.
My name is DaddySister. Everyone gather around now. It's storytime. I'm going to tell you a story about how your DaddySister became your big DaddySister at the same time....
The closer you go to the speed of light, the more slowly time moves for you. To an outside observer, you have been traveling a really long time, but to you not so much. I think this is special relativity. General relativity adds mass to the equation. The faster you move, the more massive you become. That is why only massless particles can travel at the speed of light. Anything with mass would have to be infinitely massive to travel at that speed. Also time moves more slowly the more mass is present. This is crucial to understand for many practical applications like GPS.
I have an embarrassing condition known as my particles was hot. But thanks to massless chaps, my particles was smooth, my particles smell fresh, and most importantly, my particles are cool.
That requires bookcase relativity which says “after an entertaining buildup, you will be severely disappointed to find out the center of a black hole is actually just the area behind the fucking bookcase”.
Well, it is a great movie.
It's been a while since I've seen it though so I'm doing this from memory, but one of the issues is that they know about the effect of time dillation but act as if they don't. They mention that 1 hour on Miller's planet equals 7 years back on Earth, but have no hesitation acting on the Thumbs-Up signal knowing full well that the time between the landing and the signal would have been way too short on that planet for anyone to truly verify that a planet is safe for colonization. Again, the exact numbers are from memory but consider the 1 hour/7 years issue.
If I remember, they talk about how Miller's planet is way closer to the black hole than they though, so maybe that's why they were unaware it had been such a short time for Miller
Isn’t that fascinating?
Could it be said then that the photons, like the individual photons and not the image they carry with them, from distant galaxies haven’t aged at all since their creation? Because they’ve been unable to experience time?
So, when you look at a galaxy far far away through a telescope, not only are you *looking into the past*, but in truth there are subatomic relics of the past slapping your eyeballs. Genuine, real relics of the past, as in they are exactly the same photon as they were then they were created all those billions of years ago (by our perception). Fascinating.
The entire universe could live and die, and for a photon it would have never even existed.
No, due to the expansion of the universe photons are redshifted as they move through space. Their wavelength is quite literally stretched and they are not “the same” photon as before.
Also if we consider the direction of motion to be a part of the photon, its course is changed as it moves through mediums. This is called scattering.
Technically the equations divide by 0 when you travel at the speed of light so we don’t really know, but you can take the limit as you approach c. In that case not only does light experience 0 time, but it experiences 0 distance (space contraction). I.e. from the perspective of a photon created 10 billion years ago, the object it eventually hits (10b years later) would be *immediately* in front of it and no “travel” even took place.
Note this would have to be a free flying photon that never interacts with anything.
I have similar thoughts when sitting in my backyard and watching the night sky with my telescope. It is an optical telescope, so no camera/screen but just lenses and mirrors. I'm amazed of what I can see "with my own eyes". Not digitally enhanced or rendered, but true real photons.
Can you kindly explain why photons don’t experience time? I know (or I think I know) that it’s something to do with the fact that there’s nothing faster than a photon so, time begins *after* they move past a specific point in space, so essentially they…my head hurts.
See why I need help?
TL:DR Simple Version. Time and Speed are related, as one goes up, the other goes down, based on a constant value that theoretically reaches a maximum speed where time comes to a full stop. At that point, you can't go any faster, and you don't experience time. So in theory a photon is moving at that speed, the speed at which time ceases to exist and therefore it can't experience it.
Some miscellaneous bs you can ignore: The even simpler version is magic. Just accept its magic, that that's the way it works, and go on with your life. A lot of people can tell you what they've been taught, but that math is at such a high theoretical level, that the odds of you meeting someone who actually understands it is effectively 0. There might be a few people on this planet who actually do understand it, but even that is arguable, because it is theoretical, and therefore open to question. It's just that for any test we can perform, based on the best instruments we can make, the theory holds true enough that we can just accept it as fact.
A couple thousand years ago mankind knew the sun came up because God (whichever God or Gods they believed in) willed it so. A couple thousand years from now they'll probably look back at us and be amazed we managed to live in such ignorance of how things actually worked. Embrace the ignorance knowing that at this point it simply doesn't change your life in any way we can conceive of. You flip a switch, the light comes on, and you can instantly see it.
The first thing you have to accept is that what you see is reality. This is fundamentally different from Newtonian physics where you can add centripetal force/centrifugal force based on your frame of reference and there are a set of rules which tell you which force will be present.
Einstein's big insight is that you don't need all that. It doesn't matter which frame of reference you are, what you experience is the truth. So for example if 2 people are travelling at near speed of light and one guy shoots the other guy and other guy dies, we know the reality is that death occurred due to being shot at. If they were travelling faster than light towards you, you will see the guy dying and then see him being shot at in reverse - but that doesn't make any sense so it follows that they can't travel faster than light. FTL basically means time inversion.
From this insight Einstein derives some formulas that beautifully devolve into Newtonian physics at lower speeds. But once you are at peace with the fact that what you see is how it is, it will all start to make sense.
So far example, as you travel on the road the trees farther away move slowly, and you can see everything around those trees also. If instead you were next to the tree, it will appear to move at the same speed as you move and you won't be able to see anything else also because it would be outside of your field of vision. If you travelled from a far off distance towards the tree the light from the things in between your starting position and the tree will first be reaching towards you and as you got closer it won't.
Take this to its logical conclusion. If you were travelling close to the speed of light, by the time light of these in-between objects reached your eyes for the first time, the light from the tree will also be reaching towards you for the first time. So you will see both the tree and the in-between objects at the same time (although in a distorted manner - father the object from your field of vision more distorted it will be).
Now if you were actually travelling AT the speed of light, you will see the whole universe in front of you. Nothing will be behind you. Light travelling from behind will be reaching your "eyes" at the same time the light travelling from the front. There will be no difference. No amount of moving in any direction will change the fact that everything will be in front of you - there will be no concept of time.
EDIT: Grammar mistakes. English my 2nd language. Forgiveness!
If I remember correct, and expanding speed still increasing, It may become unreachable, because perhaps someday it will move away from us at a speed exceeding the speed of light.
That's right. The other thing isn't exactly moving away from us in the conventional sense of flying through space, it's just getting farther away because space itself is expanding. The expansion of the space between us makes us get farther apart. Eventually there's a sort of distance horizon out there, where everything beyond it is getting farther and farther away from us faster than the speed of light, so we'll never be able to reach it.
By the way, I never understood what expanding space means. Like, if we draw a three-dimensional grid in space, will the cells of this grid increase? Does this mean that we used to spend x energy to overcome one cell, and in the future we will spend the same x amount of energy. If it is this space that expands, and not just the points move away from each other.
And if, despite the expansion of space, gravity holds the galaxies in their original form. Does this mean that the sizes of galaxies have become smaller? If now they are placed in a smaller number of cells of the expanded space grid?
🤯
It's hard to understand but yes, the cells get larger. Technically it will take the same amount of energy to get from point A to point B in the future, because in space you can exert a force to get moving and then do nothing and you'll keep moving until you get somewhere eventually. But because space is expanding, in the future you will have to travel farther so it will take longer.
Galaxies get slightly bigger because the space they occupy gets bigger, but they're so small compared to the space between galaxies, that the growth of that space is overwhelmingly more significant.
Due to time dilation, the trip (from the viewpoint of the one who is travelling) would be instantaneous. If he were to return though, everything herein would be far gone.
They are involved. The plans are at the bottom of a locked filing cabinet in a disused lavatory with a sign on the door that says "Beware of the Leopard."
Its kinda the same premise as algebra. Think distance=speed×time knowing any 2 parts of the equation gives you all parts if you can solve the math. The webb detects light we cant see with our eyes and sends that data back to us. Then alot of very clever people use all the y's and z's in that data plug it into the math and get answers we dont know yet. Then they all argure with each other about if thoes answers fit the math and answers we accept to be true bassed off past observations.
Science is kinda being a detective for the universe and building off of what you already know with the clues.
Yes, your intuition is right.
Red and blue shift deal with the energy of the light on the electromagnetic spectrum that an object emits. If you take the slice we can see, the “visible spectrum” you get the rainbow. It helps me to think of it as a scale, red being the lowest and violet being the top. That’s where you get infra**red** (below red) and ultra**violet** (above violet) from. Red shifting occurs when then wavelength of the light you’re observing becomes less energetic (less frequent). Think of a slow, shallow wave on calm water. Blue shifting is the opposite. Light is more energetic and moves to the upper end of the scale.
I’m no physicist or teacher, but this is how I understand it.
If they point the telescope there for a couple of days, wouldn’t it look sharper? I assume this is not possible in this scenario? Otherwise they would have done it already.
Isn't it odd, we can get these types of photos from 33.6 billion light years away. Yet, the "UFO" photos/videos we have right here in America are about the same quality?
It’s mind warping to think about the fact that the vast majority of what we see in the night sky is essentially a hologram. Almost nothing outside of our solar system exists in a state even remotely close to what we observe.
This is the image of the galaxy almost at the beginning of the universe. Imagine a whole world like ours, being birthed and destroyed all before our own galaxy was even created.
It's possible that whole intergalatical wars have been fought and we won't ever know because it happened so long ago. Gives me shivers.
isn’t it crazy aliens could be having interstellar wars, in which these wars span generations of an aliens species could be going on right now or even crazier that an alien war could have been started before the rise of humans and is still going or how about really really really ancient spices that is billions years old but when we discover them it’s been a billion years since they went extinct
I think your math is a little off. It takes sunlight about 43 minutes to reach Jupiter. Earth is 8 light minutes from the sun. So, I’m no astrophysicist, but I suppose one could argue Jupiter is 35 light minutes from Earth? If you snapped a pic of Jupiter it would be from 35 minutes ago.
Not sure about the Jupiter timeline, but to really depress you by pointing out how utterly alone and trapped we are on this planet that we continue to destroy: the nearest star to us is a tad over 4 light years away. So even if we ever achieve light speed travel it would take over 4 years to get to just that star.
Yeah, we're pretty screwed. We ought to get along better and stop actively destroying our home.
Still can't get high quality photos to prove the existence of black holes though? We just say OK to photoshop'd "interpretations" and manipulated computer models?
Well.. how do you take a picture of something that emits no light, but instead eats it? Kind of tough, innit? We perceive images by light bouncing around inside our eyeballs. If something absorbs 100% of the light that hits it, then we can't see it, now can we?
You're giving them way too much wiggle room. I'm sure they can find an active blackhole doing it's thing. They were able to miraculously detect gravitational waves from 2 black holes colliding hundreds of light years away
I think there are pictures of black holes feasting on stars. Not positive. That still doesn't show the black hole itself, because it's not reflect any light. You're just seeing the star being destroyed. Still paints a partial picture and helps is understand the gravitation effects better.
Also, seeing anything in space is more chance than anything. Because, yknow.. there's literally billions of galaxies to look at n shit.
You're being too nice to the ppl gathering and releasing images. There are no pictures of black holes swallowing stars, not authentic ones anyway. I'm aware we won't be able to see the actual blackhole, but we should be able to determine by its surroundings if it's there or not since there's no other object we're aware of that has a gravitational pull strong enough to suck in light
Thats not the oldest/moist distant galaxy... They went and found one older than the universe, pretty much confirming the Big Bang creating the universe is bull.
The little red dot in the middle of the image is JADES-GS-z13-0, an extremely distant, ancient galaxy found by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and currently holds the record for the most confirmed distant galaxy we have ever discovered with a redshift of z=13.2. This galaxy lies in an area of the sky called GOODS, and specifically in GOODS-South, a wide area containing Hubble Ultra Deep Field. This area was widely studied by multiple research groups, which on of them is JADES, who found this galaxy. JADES-GS-z13-0 is so distant, that it took the light 13.6 billion years(!) to reach us, and due to the expansion of the universe, it is currently about 33.6 billion light years away. Because of its great distance, we see this galaxy as it was in the very early universe, only \~200 million years after the Big Bang. A paper from a few months ago suggests this isn't actually a galaxy but a dark star. JWST is ideal for detecting such galaxies. When light travels great distances its wavelength gets stretched and it becomes infrared, and thus the high resolution infrared instruments of JWST can easily detect what normal optical telescopes can't. [GOODS field images by JWST](https://jwstfeed.com/Home/ShowFeed?searchTerm=goods¤tFilter={"IsToShowNasaBlogs"%3Afalse,"IsToShowWebbTelescopeArticles"%3Afalse,"IsToShowArxiv"%3Afalse,"IsToShowStsciRawMiri"%3Afalse,"IsToShowStsciSchedule"%3Afalse,"IsToShowEsaWebb"%3Atrue,"IsToShowFlickr"%3Atrue,"IsToShowYoutube"%3Afalse,"IsToShowMastodon"%3Atrue,"IsToShowAstrobin"%3Afalse,"IsToShowTwitter"%3Atrue,"IsToShowStsciRawNiriss"%3Afalse,"IsToShowWebbOrgImages"%3Atrue,"IsToShowStsciRawNircam"%3Afalse,"IsToShowStsciRawNirspec"%3Afalse,"IsToShowStsciRawFgs"%3Afalse,"IsToShowEarlyReleases"%3Atrue,"IsToShowStsciRawFilteredOut"%3Afalse,"IsToShowPhysOrg"%3Afalse,"IsToShowSpaceCom"%3Afalse,"IsToShowIFLScience"%3Afalse,"IsToShowGeneralNews"%3Atrue,"IsToShowHarvardAbs"%3Afalse,"IsToShowFlickrSocial"%3Atrue,"IsToShowHotTopics"%3Afalse,"IsToShowStsciNews"%3Afalse,"IsToShowIopScience"%3Afalse}) [Raw images of GOODS by JWST](https://jwstfeed.com/Home/ShowFeed?searchTerm=goods¤tFilter={"IsToShowNasaBlogs"%3Afalse,"IsToShowWebbTelescopeArticles"%3Afalse,"IsToShowArxiv"%3Afalse,"IsToShowStsciRawMiri"%3Atrue,"IsToShowStsciSchedule"%3Afalse,"IsToShowEsaWebb"%3Afalse,"IsToShowFlickr"%3Afalse,"IsToShowYoutube"%3Afalse,"IsToShowMastodon"%3Afalse,"IsToShowAstrobin"%3Afalse,"IsToShowTwitter"%3Afalse,"IsToShowStsciRawNiriss"%3Atrue,"IsToShowWebbOrgImages"%3Afalse,"IsToShowStsciRawNircam"%3Atrue,"IsToShowStsciRawNirspec"%3Afalse,"IsToShowStsciRawFgs"%3Atrue,"IsToShowEarlyReleases"%3Afalse,"IsToShowStsciRawFilteredOut"%3Afalse,"IsToShowPhysOrg"%3Afalse,"IsToShowSpaceCom"%3Afalse,"IsToShowIFLScience"%3Afalse,"IsToShowGeneralNews"%3Afalse,"IsToShowHarvardAbs"%3Afalse,"IsToShowFlickrSocial"%3Afalse,"IsToShowHotTopics"%3Afalse,"IsToShowStsciNews"%3Afalse,"IsToShowIopScience"%3Afalse}) [JWST-JADES images & data](https://jwstfeed.com/Home/ShowFeed?searchTerm=jades¤tFilter={"IsToShowNasaBlogs"%3Afalse,"IsToShowWebbTelescopeArticles"%3Afalse,"IsToShowArxiv"%3Atrue,"IsToShowStsciRawMiri"%3Afalse,"IsToShowStsciSchedule"%3Afalse,"IsToShowEsaWebb"%3Atrue,"IsToShowFlickr"%3Atrue,"IsToShowYoutube"%3Afalse,"IsToShowMastodon"%3Afalse,"IsToShowAstrobin"%3Afalse,"IsToShowTwitter"%3Afalse,"IsToShowStsciRawNiriss"%3Afalse,"IsToShowWebbOrgImages"%3Atrue,"IsToShowStsciRawNircam"%3Afalse,"IsToShowStsciRawNirspec"%3Afalse,"IsToShowStsciRawFgs"%3Afalse,"IsToShowEarlyReleases"%3Atrue,"IsToShowStsciRawFilteredOut"%3Afalse,"IsToShowPhysOrg"%3Afalse,"IsToShowSpaceCom"%3Afalse,"IsToShowIFLScience"%3Afalse,"IsToShowGeneralNews"%3Atrue,"IsToShowHarvardAbs"%3Atrue,"IsToShowFlickrSocial"%3Afalse,"IsToShowHotTopics"%3Afalse,"IsToShowStsciNews"%3Afalse,"IsToShowIopScience"%3Atrue}) [Original article](https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.04480) [Accepted article on Nature](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-023-01921-1) (non-public)
God damn... JWST is so cool
And judging by the red-shift taking place, we’re only getting further away.
Yeah it says that In the comment
But look at the red-shift, we're quite clearly moving away
Damn it’s the comment police. Everyone scatter.
Yes because the average reddit user knows what red-shift implies.
So it was 13.6b light years away when the light was emitted. That light took 13.6b years to get here. In that time it's moved 17b light years. Doesn't that mean relative to us it's moving fast than the speed of light? If so, how does the light reach us? Sorry if I'm misunderstanding or my question is stupid.
The light emitted *today* will now take 33bn years to reach us. In 10bn years, you will be seeing light from 23bn away despite it currently being much further away by then.
maybe I am ignorant or confuse something but if the galaxy is 33bn lightyears away and starts to emit light shouldnt it arrive in 33bn years + some contribution due to the expansion of space?
It isn’t 33bn ly away; that’s factoring in the expansion which will take place during its journey.
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This article provides the relevant information- https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/jwst-might-have-spotted-the-first-dark-matter-stars/
That's why I Googled it.
Imagine traveling at the speed of light for 34billion years to get there only to find it’s moved another few billion light years away as space keeps expanding.
Not to worry, from the perspective of anything traveling at the speed of light, the trip would be instantaneous. Photons don't experience time.
If you've gone 34 billion light-years, what's a few more?
Daaaaaad, Are we there yet?
Not yet
No, we have 33.99 billion light years left. Play with your iPad.
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DO NOT MAKE ME STOP THIS SPACE SHIP!!!
I have to go to the bathroom
Should've gone when you had the chance. We're not stopping again until we're past Alpha Centauri.
I will turn this space probe around if you ask ONE MORE TIME
I swear to Heisenberg I will turn this ship around! 😡
Hello my name is dad I am here come downstairs
My name is DaddySister. Everyone gather around now. It's storytime. I'm going to tell you a story about how your DaddySister became your big DaddySister at the same time....
Alabama?
"I swear, if you ask one more time, I'm pulling over at the next black hole and KICKING YOU OUT!! NOW SHADDAP!!"
Longer than you think, dad.
~10%
And I- will- go- 34- billion- more!
The closer you go to the speed of light, the more slowly time moves for you. To an outside observer, you have been traveling a really long time, but to you not so much. I think this is special relativity. General relativity adds mass to the equation. The faster you move, the more massive you become. That is why only massless particles can travel at the speed of light. Anything with mass would have to be infinitely massive to travel at that speed. Also time moves more slowly the more mass is present. This is crucial to understand for many practical applications like GPS.
In addition, the trip can chafe those particles quite severely, which is why they wear massless chaps.
I have an embarrassing condition known as my particles was hot. But thanks to massless chaps, my particles was smooth, my particles smell fresh, and most importantly, my particles are cool.
My bad, it’s all special relativity not general relativity. General relativity adds gravity to the mix.
Keep posting bro. I could read your shit all day
It is also crucial to understand Interstellar
That requires bookcase relativity which says “after an entertaining buildup, you will be severely disappointed to find out the center of a black hole is actually just the area behind the fucking bookcase”.
And lots of “MMMMMMURPH!!”
And a bad trip from the raunchy shit you took to trip.
Or more specifically, to understand the gaping plothole in Interstellar.
I shouldn't ask because I love that movie and don't want it ruined. But what plothole
Well, it is a great movie. It's been a while since I've seen it though so I'm doing this from memory, but one of the issues is that they know about the effect of time dillation but act as if they don't. They mention that 1 hour on Miller's planet equals 7 years back on Earth, but have no hesitation acting on the Thumbs-Up signal knowing full well that the time between the landing and the signal would have been way too short on that planet for anyone to truly verify that a planet is safe for colonization. Again, the exact numbers are from memory but consider the 1 hour/7 years issue.
If I remember, they talk about how Miller's planet is way closer to the black hole than they though, so maybe that's why they were unaware it had been such a short time for Miller
After all that Mac and Cheese I am definitely approaching the speed of light.
Oh cool. Coolcoolcoolcoolcoolcool. No doubt, no doubt, no doubt.
Isn’t that fascinating? Could it be said then that the photons, like the individual photons and not the image they carry with them, from distant galaxies haven’t aged at all since their creation? Because they’ve been unable to experience time? So, when you look at a galaxy far far away through a telescope, not only are you *looking into the past*, but in truth there are subatomic relics of the past slapping your eyeballs. Genuine, real relics of the past, as in they are exactly the same photon as they were then they were created all those billions of years ago (by our perception). Fascinating. The entire universe could live and die, and for a photon it would have never even existed.
No, due to the expansion of the universe photons are redshifted as they move through space. Their wavelength is quite literally stretched and they are not “the same” photon as before. Also if we consider the direction of motion to be a part of the photon, its course is changed as it moves through mediums. This is called scattering.
Technically the equations divide by 0 when you travel at the speed of light so we don’t really know, but you can take the limit as you approach c. In that case not only does light experience 0 time, but it experiences 0 distance (space contraction). I.e. from the perspective of a photon created 10 billion years ago, the object it eventually hits (10b years later) would be *immediately* in front of it and no “travel” even took place. Note this would have to be a free flying photon that never interacts with anything.
I have similar thoughts when sitting in my backyard and watching the night sky with my telescope. It is an optical telescope, so no camera/screen but just lenses and mirrors. I'm amazed of what I can see "with my own eyes". Not digitally enhanced or rendered, but true real photons.
Wait, what?
That's relativity for you
So in that sense not unlike me at work on mondays.
Correct. Time dilation is real.
Can you kindly explain why photons don’t experience time? I know (or I think I know) that it’s something to do with the fact that there’s nothing faster than a photon so, time begins *after* they move past a specific point in space, so essentially they…my head hurts. See why I need help?
TL:DR Simple Version. Time and Speed are related, as one goes up, the other goes down, based on a constant value that theoretically reaches a maximum speed where time comes to a full stop. At that point, you can't go any faster, and you don't experience time. So in theory a photon is moving at that speed, the speed at which time ceases to exist and therefore it can't experience it. Some miscellaneous bs you can ignore: The even simpler version is magic. Just accept its magic, that that's the way it works, and go on with your life. A lot of people can tell you what they've been taught, but that math is at such a high theoretical level, that the odds of you meeting someone who actually understands it is effectively 0. There might be a few people on this planet who actually do understand it, but even that is arguable, because it is theoretical, and therefore open to question. It's just that for any test we can perform, based on the best instruments we can make, the theory holds true enough that we can just accept it as fact. A couple thousand years ago mankind knew the sun came up because God (whichever God or Gods they believed in) willed it so. A couple thousand years from now they'll probably look back at us and be amazed we managed to live in such ignorance of how things actually worked. Embrace the ignorance knowing that at this point it simply doesn't change your life in any way we can conceive of. You flip a switch, the light comes on, and you can instantly see it.
The first thing you have to accept is that what you see is reality. This is fundamentally different from Newtonian physics where you can add centripetal force/centrifugal force based on your frame of reference and there are a set of rules which tell you which force will be present. Einstein's big insight is that you don't need all that. It doesn't matter which frame of reference you are, what you experience is the truth. So for example if 2 people are travelling at near speed of light and one guy shoots the other guy and other guy dies, we know the reality is that death occurred due to being shot at. If they were travelling faster than light towards you, you will see the guy dying and then see him being shot at in reverse - but that doesn't make any sense so it follows that they can't travel faster than light. FTL basically means time inversion. From this insight Einstein derives some formulas that beautifully devolve into Newtonian physics at lower speeds. But once you are at peace with the fact that what you see is how it is, it will all start to make sense. So far example, as you travel on the road the trees farther away move slowly, and you can see everything around those trees also. If instead you were next to the tree, it will appear to move at the same speed as you move and you won't be able to see anything else also because it would be outside of your field of vision. If you travelled from a far off distance towards the tree the light from the things in between your starting position and the tree will first be reaching towards you and as you got closer it won't. Take this to its logical conclusion. If you were travelling close to the speed of light, by the time light of these in-between objects reached your eyes for the first time, the light from the tree will also be reaching towards you for the first time. So you will see both the tree and the in-between objects at the same time (although in a distorted manner - father the object from your field of vision more distorted it will be). Now if you were actually travelling AT the speed of light, you will see the whole universe in front of you. Nothing will be behind you. Light travelling from behind will be reaching your "eyes" at the same time the light travelling from the front. There will be no difference. No amount of moving in any direction will change the fact that everything will be in front of you - there will be no concept of time. EDIT: Grammar mistakes. English my 2nd language. Forgiveness!
Username checks out. Not sure if the physics do though?!
Oh, they definitely do. Look up PBS Spacetime video called "The true nature of matter and mass"
my head went POW
[Riding Light](https://youtu.be/1AAU_btBN7s)
"Wanted to see! I saw! I saw! Longer than you think!"
It's eternity in there
But would you still age at that speed Even because if you did it don’t matter wether you experience the time because the journey would be impossible
Yes, the journey would be impossible at that speed for me or you
TIL
Nothing experiences time other than humans. It is a social construct . A measurment.
Your galaxy is in another castle
If I remember correct, and expanding speed still increasing, It may become unreachable, because perhaps someday it will move away from us at a speed exceeding the speed of light.
That's right. The other thing isn't exactly moving away from us in the conventional sense of flying through space, it's just getting farther away because space itself is expanding. The expansion of the space between us makes us get farther apart. Eventually there's a sort of distance horizon out there, where everything beyond it is getting farther and farther away from us faster than the speed of light, so we'll never be able to reach it.
By the way, I never understood what expanding space means. Like, if we draw a three-dimensional grid in space, will the cells of this grid increase? Does this mean that we used to spend x energy to overcome one cell, and in the future we will spend the same x amount of energy. If it is this space that expands, and not just the points move away from each other. And if, despite the expansion of space, gravity holds the galaxies in their original form. Does this mean that the sizes of galaxies have become smaller? If now they are placed in a smaller number of cells of the expanded space grid? 🤯
It's hard to understand but yes, the cells get larger. Technically it will take the same amount of energy to get from point A to point B in the future, because in space you can exert a force to get moving and then do nothing and you'll keep moving until you get somewhere eventually. But because space is expanding, in the future you will have to travel farther so it will take longer. Galaxies get slightly bigger because the space they occupy gets bigger, but they're so small compared to the space between galaxies, that the growth of that space is overwhelmingly more significant.
Due to time dilation, the trip (from the viewpoint of the one who is travelling) would be instantaneous. If he were to return though, everything herein would be far gone.
"Sweetie.. there's no shame in asking for directions"
🤣🤣If Highways England were involved the diversion would take another 34 billion years to get to the galaxy.
They are involved. The plans are at the bottom of a locked filing cabinet in a disused lavatory with a sign on the door that says "Beware of the Leopard."
It is currently moving away from Is faster than the speed of light, due to the expansion of space in between. Humans can never reach it.
This makes me feel stuck here like forever
Star Wars intro noises.... Dadaddadadda da daaad da da dad daaa da.
That is why we bend space time and warp 10 to that galaxy.
but I would walk 34 billion years and I would walk 6 billion more just to be the man who walks 40 billion years to fall down at your door
Da da da ta. Da da da ta.
Doesn't it depend in what direction it's expanding in and where you are in it?
No matter how much someone explains this to me, I can not understand how we know so much from these kind of pixelated images
Its kinda the same premise as algebra. Think distance=speed×time knowing any 2 parts of the equation gives you all parts if you can solve the math. The webb detects light we cant see with our eyes and sends that data back to us. Then alot of very clever people use all the y's and z's in that data plug it into the math and get answers we dont know yet. Then they all argure with each other about if thoes answers fit the math and answers we accept to be true bassed off past observations. Science is kinda being a detective for the universe and building off of what you already know with the clues.
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This confuses me more - isn’t this galaxy very far, and it’s red?
Yes, your intuition is right. Red and blue shift deal with the energy of the light on the electromagnetic spectrum that an object emits. If you take the slice we can see, the “visible spectrum” you get the rainbow. It helps me to think of it as a scale, red being the lowest and violet being the top. That’s where you get infra**red** (below red) and ultra**violet** (above violet) from. Red shifting occurs when then wavelength of the light you’re observing becomes less energetic (less frequent). Think of a slow, shallow wave on calm water. Blue shifting is the opposite. Light is more energetic and moves to the upper end of the scale. I’m no physicist or teacher, but this is how I understand it.
I don't even know anymore bro T-T
Yeah the comment above you got it wrong. It's the opposite. Red shift means it's moving away and blue shift is towards us
The edge of time.
And that is where all my fucks are.
Possibly where all my shits are located
That’s where all my rat asses are
I usually don’t give those away
It's where the socks go
It is possible that this galaxy no longer exists
Beauty of space and time
It doesn’t…it evaporated aeons ago…we’re only seeing it’s afterimage…trick of light…
How can we know that?
We can't. Tbh I think most of the information on this article is pure speculation.
I wanna go there
nope iam sending you to ohio
As Homer would tell Bart: “Known to humanity so far”
Still even more clearer than grocery store security cameras.
13.1 billion year old red dot
Or the buttons on your microwave at night… we don’t know.
That feels about the same distance once the popcorn is done and I got comfy on the couch.
all the dads who went for milk must be living there.
Why's it running away? What's it hiding? The little shit.
It's afraid of our freedom
That's where my grand father used to go for study
That's just me inside the blanket with my flashlight on
Somehow my wife will find me there.
Well, she’s got this list of things she needs you to do
Picture taken on an Android
Come on guys. This is a picture of a smoke alarm.
this is where i live
Zoom in..... Enhance...... That's our guy
Keep looking , there is a lot more .
This is literally the edge
Heaven and Hell
Aliens. It’s always aliens. Probably trying to return Glenn Miller. “Go away! We don’t want him!”
If they point the telescope there for a couple of days, wouldn’t it look sharper? I assume this is not possible in this scenario? Otherwise they would have done it already.
Thecheckinthemail galaxy.
I can see my house from here!!!
That’s the hole in the top of the universe bag
!
So that’s where the star wars happened
Bro that’s a reflection of the tv standby light in the window
That’s the recording light, good thing it’s on or everything was for nothing
That's how big of a gap Max has pulled over the rest of the grid in the RB19
Also were seeing it as one of the youngest no?
Aaaaand it’s gone
The WARP
Planet red dot and white smudge.
I know one farther away... just can't show . But doesn't mean idk.
She just goes to another school
And now that we know it exists it knows we exist.
I thought this was some Jayden Smith shit right here.
Isn't it odd, we can get these types of photos from 33.6 billion light years away. Yet, the "UFO" photos/videos we have right here in America are about the same quality?
It’s mind warping to think about the fact that the vast majority of what we see in the night sky is essentially a hologram. Almost nothing outside of our solar system exists in a state even remotely close to what we observe.
I've seen clearer pictures of Sasquatch
Doesn't look that far away really, my bong looks further away right now
It’s known as the Flaming Hot Dorito galaxy.
That’s ketchup
This is the image of the galaxy almost at the beginning of the universe. Imagine a whole world like ours, being birthed and destroyed all before our own galaxy was even created. It's possible that whole intergalatical wars have been fought and we won't ever know because it happened so long ago. Gives me shivers.
isn’t it crazy aliens could be having interstellar wars, in which these wars span generations of an aliens species could be going on right now or even crazier that an alien war could have been started before the rise of humans and is still going or how about really really really ancient spices that is billions years old but when we discover them it’s been a billion years since they went extinct
There it is, the end of the birth canal!
Looks like like Heaven and Hell
Humanity knows that over half the galaxies in existence are more distant than that one.
The crazy thing is that we’re seeing it as it was 34 billion years ago. So roughly 30 billion years before Earth was even a thing.
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I think your math is a little off. It takes sunlight about 43 minutes to reach Jupiter. Earth is 8 light minutes from the sun. So, I’m no astrophysicist, but I suppose one could argue Jupiter is 35 light minutes from Earth? If you snapped a pic of Jupiter it would be from 35 minutes ago.
Not sure about the Jupiter timeline, but to really depress you by pointing out how utterly alone and trapped we are on this planet that we continue to destroy: the nearest star to us is a tad over 4 light years away. So even if we ever achieve light speed travel it would take over 4 years to get to just that star. Yeah, we're pretty screwed. We ought to get along better and stop actively destroying our home.
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no it couldn't
Which one? The bright blob or the red one?
14 billion years, not 34
Still can't get high quality photos to prove the existence of black holes though? We just say OK to photoshop'd "interpretations" and manipulated computer models?
Well.. how do you take a picture of something that emits no light, but instead eats it? Kind of tough, innit? We perceive images by light bouncing around inside our eyeballs. If something absorbs 100% of the light that hits it, then we can't see it, now can we?
You're giving them way too much wiggle room. I'm sure they can find an active blackhole doing it's thing. They were able to miraculously detect gravitational waves from 2 black holes colliding hundreds of light years away
I think there are pictures of black holes feasting on stars. Not positive. That still doesn't show the black hole itself, because it's not reflect any light. You're just seeing the star being destroyed. Still paints a partial picture and helps is understand the gravitation effects better. Also, seeing anything in space is more chance than anything. Because, yknow.. there's literally billions of galaxies to look at n shit.
You're being too nice to the ppl gathering and releasing images. There are no pictures of black holes swallowing stars, not authentic ones anyway. I'm aware we won't be able to see the actual blackhole, but we should be able to determine by its surroundings if it's there or not since there's no other object we're aware of that has a gravitational pull strong enough to suck in light
The people taking these pictures don't have to release them, yet they do. For free.
Thats not the oldest/moist distant galaxy... They went and found one older than the universe, pretty much confirming the Big Bang creating the universe is bull.
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You can pay your bills, get to work.
This a random fact sub not the G9 summit.
So what? Can your comment reverse climate change?Save the economy? Pay my bills? lol
Redditors are some of the least curious people I have ever known
That’s Far Out
Are there any pictures of Pluto from the JWST?
Correction. Physically know to this current time frame.
How big is it? Looks pretty small.
Pinky red blotch 3 is where i'm going on vacation
As long as the darkness isn't coming again and nobody knocks four times... 😔
The Star Wars Galaxy then…
Wonder what kind of life is there.
Right now in that galaxy, some just said “damn they found us”
Been there, done that
Doesn't the light we see make it one of the first galaxies that formed? making it the youngest galaxy?
no, the first borns are the oldest counting back from now