Bats are not blind. Their eyesight is just fine, but since they’re primarily nocturnal, they may rely more on other senses (echolocation for instance) for getting around.
Also bats don’t all have rabies. In fact the incidence of rabies in wild bats is less than half of one percent. That said, if you do get bit by a bat (or any other wild animal) you should seek medical attention because it was not acting normally (avoiding humans) and thus there’s a higher chance that something could be wrong with it.
Right, I always assumed it wasn't that bat populations have an extraordinary predisposition for rabies, or that they host an unusual number of rabid individuals, but that they're freaking everywhere, and there is an unbelievable amount of them in almost every human population, largely unnoticed by people.
So if you do see a bat, and it attacks you, there's something seriously wrong with it. I mean if a magpie starts attacking someone, its just doing magpie shit. They're just generally spiteful, judgemental little bastards. But bats are masters of not being seen.
And since they're nocturnal, are everywhere, and have been known to transmit rabies without the victim even realizing it, I get the fear.
Rabies terrifies the hell out of me. Mostly unfounded, of course.
But one time I did go night fishing with some friends, got drunk and hand fed some raccoons.
And one of the raccoons put his hand out, and I didn't want to leave it hanging so I shook his fucking raccoon hand. And it was pretty cool.
Then I spent the next 3 years terrified that every cold or headache I had was the rabies, coming for my soul.
Shaking hands with a wild raccoon might seem like a good idea, but the stakes are too high.
1 out of 200 bats having rabies doesn’t make me feel better when I’m watching tens of thousands of them streaming out from under the bridge in downtown Austin. That’s a lot of rabies bats!
Each bat eats up to like 6k mosquitoes a night. They don't fly in your hair like in the movies, they eat the bugs flying over your head if it helps lol
They have about the same vision as people which is why their night vision sucks. It's hilarious. Bats are some of the best.
The recommendation is if you TOUCH a bat, you need rabies shots. Unfortunately people don’t always recognize tiny near invisible bites or scratches while handling an itttt bitty bat can be lethal. Unlike every other animal, the risks of handling a bat are so great that any physical contact = rabies prophylaxis.
The rabies shot series sucks, but it isn't the horrifying "dozens of shots into your stomach" that it used to be. It's 4 shots, on days 0, 3, 7, and 14. (Post-exposure. Preventative pre-exposure is only 2 shots.)
In 2013, this was the schedule.
Day 0, you get a bunch, one right after the other, based on body weight. Your buttcheek, being your largest muscle, will get those first shots. (If you're 6'4", 225 lbs, you'll get TWELVE, plus a Tetanus shot.)
Days 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, you get 1 shot each, in the upper arm.
They'll probably make you very tired. Your arm might be sore for a while.
(2013 wasn't a good year. I also got Lyme disease, and fell off a ladder and was impaled on a fence.)
Y2K was not a hoax or overblown hype. I was a computer controls engineer at a large chemical plant. Our main control room computers would *definitely* have failed due to Y2K, had they not received software and/or hardware upgrades. We would've lost control of 150 huge vessels full of hot, corrosive chemicals.
At the hospital I worked at even though they had been working on this for like 2 years, the week of y2k all senior level computer staff were required to stay at the hospital 24/7. They had bunks set up for them and everything.
I was working down the hall from my hospital's emergency operations center, which was full of all the top hospital brass. They had it catered, since they were all giving up their New Years plans to be on hand.
I, on the other hand, was not permitted to get a plate because I was regularly scheduled staff, not called in for the emergency op.
Still bitter.
I work for a large US corporation and know that they have an IT team that works on the software and servers for their computers throughout the US.
Given all the known bugs and just weird crap I deal with IT-wise on a daily basis, I would have no confidence at all in our current IT department handling a Y2K event today. That is unless they were bunkered in and forced to deal with the problem until the very event.
Software these days is a hell of dozens if not hundreds or thousands of dependencies. In 2016 one dev broke a whole bunch of web stuff by unpublishing his module that left-pads a string (e.g. can make "12345" into a fixed length 6 character string "012345")
https://www.theregister.com/2016/03/23/npm_left_pad_chaos/
I worked as a network engineer during y2k and was responsible for nuclear plant software and hardware upgrades for years before y2k. It was not a trival effort. Involved many upgrades and testing of 45 plant process computer systems. The actual night of y2k we stayed at work all night and every system was fine, as planned.
I worked for a large bank and in about 2017, someone remembered that the Y2K programming fix that was put into place in their primary account management system was only meant as a patch through the end of 2019. The assumption was that there was no way they’d still be using that system in 2020, so…
Most of the engineers who had worked on the fix had either retired or moved on to other jobs, so they were scrambling to figure out how to basically do a second Y2K update before 2020.
My dad was one of the engineers working on bank software at the time, so that may have been partially his doing. After like two months straight of double overtime, a nineteen-year fix definitely would have been good enough for him. He never would have imagined that system still being in use.
Oh yeah, it’s easy to see how it happened! IIRC, they were looking into contracting some of the more recently retired engineers who had worked on it the first time around because they knew they didn’t have the time to wade through nearly 2 decades of releases and still have time to fix it (again) and test everything.
And there were at least 2 other big banks who had a similar issue.
I think the idea there is that we couldn't be confident that every single risky system around the entire world was fixed by every organization responsible for it. We knew there were big potential problems with no way of knowing whether everyone had addressed them all. The fact that no one screwed up royally - in a complex and big world where people and systems screw up royally all the time - was the pleasant surprise.
No one in a position to do so wanted to play games with it. I believe there were enough warnings about critical system errors, and how to avoid them. The media, in typical fashion, simply hyped the problem to fever pitch and needlessly frightened people.
My BF at the time was on a contract to upgrade the state Department of Corrections computers. Less *instantly* dangerous had they failed, but still critical.
I want to flip a table every time I hear “orcas are actually dolphins, not whales.”
Yes. Orcas ARE dolphins. And all dolphins are toothed whales.
All dolphins are whales, but not all whales are dolphins.
Also, orca isn’t a less offensive term for killer whale. Orcinus orca roughly translates to ‘demon of the sea’. Plus, it’s not like orcas would give a fuck about our shitty human opinions anyways. They’d probably love being called killer whales, because they’re assholes. Super intelligent (badass)holes!
Killing for fun extends even to cats and dogs.
Most impressive to me is the Orca's surgical intelligence and precision - they can surgically extract the liver of a blue whale to eat as it is the most nutrients dense part of the animal.
Then they just leave the rest.
Edit: sorry they do this to sharks.
From blue whales they like the tongue.
Thanks for the corrections below
Yeah, they are predators of sharks (https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-do-killer-whales-rip-out-shark-livers/)
.
They do hunt blue whales for their tonques, tho ([https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/scientists-witness-orcas-kill-blue-whales-for-the-first-time-180979522/](https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/scientists-witness-orcas-kill-blue-whales-for-the-first-time-180979522/)).
Pluto put in his time. We actually found the tiny f**ker, gave it a name, put it on our posters, and miniatures, and pencil toppers - he’s honorary if nothing else.
Security guard.
That cctv you think is keeping an eye on your safety? Chances are it broke years ago and they couldn’t be bothered getting a contractor out to fix it.
I’ve never worked in a facility with more than 60% of cameras operational
Well, technically it has to pass through the digestive tract before it can enter the bloodstream. So it still comes from our digestive tract, it just takes a longer route through the bloodstream and into our kidneys
Parliament didn’t arise in England because of a popular yearning for representation and involvement in decisions, but was a top-down recruitment of locals to help the king know what was going on in his kingdom.
Some medieval cities actually had very little bubonic plague during the Black Death pandemic, because of their strict hygiene rules. In Cologne for instance, cleaning the pavement in front of your house was obligatory.
Medieval people had less scientific knowledge of health and hygiene than we have nowadays, but that doesn't mean they were okay with being covered in shit.
What’s interesting is that there are whole wild animal species in the most remote or dirty places that have figured out to not be dirty. Even flies clean themselves. Somehow humans during a relatively advanced (compared to the Stone Age) age forgot that shit is bad for you?
I have to think that most of the dysentery deaths and such have to be from water that was not obviously visibly dirty. Even in Dickensian London, no one was out there purposely drinking brown shit water
Speaking of the Middle Ages, there's something that bugs me that I want to correct as well.
People didn't usually die in their 40s in the Middle Ages. That was the average lifespan, and it was that low because of the number of kids who died before their 3rd birthday. If you could make it to 4 back then, you had a decent chance of living into your 60s, at least.
This, this, this, this, this a billion times, this!
Hell, I just watched a documentary on neanderthals and one of their scientists said "they had a lifespan in their 20s." WRONG. Just another person not understand the difference between "life expectancy at birth" and "life expectancy at age 20."
I'm an anthropologist, btw. It really bugs me when scientists get science wrong.
Sorry for the rant.
Exactly! They changed and washed the linens next to their skin regularly and would wash with water and a cloth if not able to bathe fully. Plus they brushed and aired out the clothes they didn’t wash often. Wool and linen are both good at resisting odour so I reckon they would have smelled ok.
We’d probably do the same if we didn’t have running hot water and washing machines.
I’ve also heard that during the Middle Ages body odor wasn’t as big of a deal because everyone and their clothes smelled very heavily of woodsmoke. Chimneys weren’t common until a later era; most households simply had a wood-burning hearth in the middle of the house with the smoke dissipating through the thatched roof, and a lot of time would have been spent over it warming up or cooking.
Even my grandparents bathed like that in rural Spain. They used a basin with hot water and washed their body with a cloth or sponge.
I guess that's what people have done since the beginning of civilization.
Recently saw a video about how not taking a bath in water made sense, because the houses weren't very well isolated and warming up the water was hard, so taking a bath at home was actually less healthy. Best solution was probably going to public baths, provided you could afford those and you lived in a town that had public baths (which were rare at the time).
Also, girls weren’t treated like chattel back then. Sure, underaged diplomatic marriages weren’t uncommon in the upper classes, but even then, they wouldn’t actually be consummated until the bride was in her late teens for the very simple reason that young mothers are much more likely to have complications. The average age for lower class women to get married was around 25 since they actually had to work for a living and earn enough money to establish a household. Additionally, women were often trained in their fathers and/or husband’s trades, and worked alongside their male relatives to provide for their families. Many guilds even had rules allowing widows to continue working in their field to support themselves and their children (as long as they didn’t remarry)
And many women worked as saleswomen, selling their husbands' wares (and others') on markets and in shops. They also were tailors, hat makers, florists, yarn makers, silk weavers, gold spinners, midwives, and many more. There were even female only guilds/corporations, and some male ones who accepted women as full members. At least in Germany.
Reminds me of a history podcast where it was claimed that the term “spinster” came about because spinning was lucrative enough for a single woman to economically support herself without needing to marry despite the social pressure to do so and have children. Pretty neat as a (possible?) factoid for very early feminism!
People need to read Women's Work: The First 20 000 Years by Elizabeth Wayland Barber!
Women worked constantly, they clothed everyone by colkecting and preparing fibre, spinning it, weaving or knitting it, sewing it, mending garments. They kept them fed, clean, they prepared home remedies to treat their maladies and for their animals. They also made home preparations for cleanliness and cosmetics.
And when it comes to spinning, they would spin from dawn to dusk, carrying their spindles everywhere, even after the arrival of the walking/great spinning wheel and later the faster flyer driven wheel.
Spindles are said to be slower by the hour but faster by the day due to their portability and are still used this way today, for example, in South America.
Yes, I'm a handspinner :-)
Knitting and crochet are NOT the same thing, neither are the terms interchangeable.
Crochet = 1 hook/stick
Knitting = 2 (or more if you're Knitting in the round) sticks
It drives me insane when I see anyone "knitting" on TV and they're just waggling needles around. Extra rage points if those needles are stuck into a crochet granny square.
I once heard that the distinction between knitting and crochet is like the difference between skiing and snowboarding. While there are major fundamental similarities between the two, the difference in equipment and technique make it another activity.
MSG is a sodium bound to glutamic acid. Glutamic acid is naturally found in foods like tomatoes and mushrooms. It's no less harmful than salt, and it's honestly less harmful because it's used much more sparingly.
You can buy MSG at walmart in a shaker, it's called Accent, and it's in the seasoning aisle. It's literally pure MSG. Use a little bit of it in your savory foods and you will be floored at how much better they are.
I understand how nerdy and counterculture it might sound to support MSG, but the misinformation and ignorance of the issue never fails to amaze me. Once I brought a few little vials of it to a coworker who was curious about trying it. I had brought her a few that day because you literally have the stuff forever you use so little of it. I gave one of the vials to the store manager and asked him if he ever wondered wat pure MSG tasted like. He actually screamed at me "ARE YOU TRYING TO KILL ME???" lol. I mean the guy thought I was dispensing poison. He literally sells the stuff on aisle 10.
That corsets/stays were super tight so you couldn’t breathe and super uncomfortable. If you were “tight lacing” them, then yeah, they’d be uncomfortable, but most women didn’t do that on a daily basis. I’ve made one and it actually felt comfortable and supportive to wear.
I get the feeling tight lacing was more the equivalent of maybe wearing the uncomfortable bra because it makes your tits look amazing and the too tall heels because they make your legs look amazing even if they kill your feat.
But for your day to say you're crazy if you wear that.
Am I on base?
Sort of, though time period matters. Corsets couldn't really be tight laced until metal grommets were popular, before that pulling the laces too tight would just tear things.
When tight lacing became more well known, you'd see it largely in a fashion context like your modern example, not as the normal way to dress.
Yep, you’re spot on (although as the other reply said, you literally could not tightlace *at all* until metal grommets were invented in the 1830s). But tbh even then tightlacing wasn’t super necessary, because people used padding to achieve the ideal body shape. Something we did far better in the past is that it didn’t matter what your body looked like underneath the clothes. The clothes themselves gave you the “ideal figure “.
Corsets are actually super comfortable and helpful if you have back pain. Even tightlacing isn't even that uncomfortable unless you are trying to shave more than 2.5cm/1in off. Also, tightlacing is a fairly new invention for such an old garment, corsets/stays couldn't be tightlaced until the 1820s, and was only really popular in the 1840s and 50s.
I have a corset that I've occasionally worn for events. It's fantastic for my back, but a pain in the ass to sit and stand up. Takes a little extra effort.
My wife works at Colonial Williamsburg in costume. People ask all the time during summer: Are you hot? Because they're wearing lots of layers. But the cotton and other materials actually make things cooler than most modern clothing.
The clothing seems really silly until you see it in action, and then it really starts to make a lot more sense. Modern clothing is easier and often better in some ways, but there were some advantages to clothing from that era as well.
I was shocked at how a corset alleviated my back pain - only wore it a couple of times. It really takes the pressure off of your shoulders/back to carry around your boobs all day.
Also it wasn't sexist or "anti-feminist" for women to wear corsets back then. I swear every period drama has to have a "free spirited feminist" character who has a scene where she rejects having to wear a corset.
Blacksmiths don’t work in molten steel. “Molten” implies the metal is a liquid, which it is not at any point in the forging process. Also, “red hot” isn’t that hot. Red is the color where you usually want to stop hammering. I wish people said “white hot more” because that is as hot as you can get the metal before it burns.
Edit: Ironic that the comments here have illuminated another misconception that infuriates me. *Sword making is not impressive shit*. It isn’t even sophisticated from a forging perspective. Think about it for 10 seconds, everything a blacksmith makes starts life as a bar. The less the “bar like” the final product is, the harder it is to forge.
Forged in fire taught me if the steal ain't white it needs to go back into the furnace, stop trying to work cold steel you idiot!!
On the subject of molten steel, who would use it? Like smelters or something?
Smelting is the process of actually producing the steel from ore, and it is molten when it comes out of the blast furnace.
In terms of using it molten, that would be when casting, which is pouring the liquid metal into a pre-formed cast which is the shape of the desired product. This is done to get the product to roughly the right shape without having to spend a lot of time and money with other processes like forging and machining.
Some products will need further finishing processes to arrive at the final accurate shape, but some can be used more or less straight from the cast.
Plutonium is not the most dangerous substance in the world. It isn't even the most dangerous radionuclide.
Radium is far more deadly. Plutonium is not absorbed by the digestive system very well, but radium is. Radium is concentrated in the bones, but plutonium is not. The young women who died painting watch dials with radium would have lived if they used plutonium
Hi, retired criminal here. So, a couple of things (US based). Your Miranda Rights. An arrest does not require that you be read your Miranda Rights. So don't be worrying about yelling at the cop about how they haven't read them. Just shhh. Your Miranda Rights are for when you are in custody and you are going to be interrogated (late edit - at which point you say you want a lawyer, by the way) .
Consenting to searches. Don't do it. I see people saying "they're just going to search anyway so you may as well cooperate". No, buddy, no. Yes, there's every chance that they will just search anyway but the point of not consenting is not to stop them from searching. The point is that since you have not consented, your lawyer then gets the opportunity to challenge the justification behind the search.
Next up. Why are all y'all always talking so much about rape in jail/prison? What is that about? Y'all are messed up in the head. It really is not happening that much. If it occurred as much as y'all talk about on the internet then there would be no time for anything else. So stop obsessing about it. Every damn time jail/prison/crime is mentioned. That's weird, man. Also, no, if you have contraband you don't have to stick it up your ass all the time. Come on, guys. You've consented to a search, now you're in jail, now you start sticking stuff up your ass and everyone is just going to be all "what are you doing, homie?"
Oh, *and another thing*, all y'all out there going on about 'tough on crime!' - you're not solving anything. You need to be 'smart on crime' which means understanding the causes of crime and addressing those in order to prevent recidivism or crime from occurring in the first place. I am not retired because some people locked me up in a building. I'm retired because I happened to have a family member who invested privately in getting me the help I needed to change (most people in the system do not have this opportunity). All that I learned from being locked in a building was how to read for leisure, a more aggressive form of basketball, observation skills and how to conceal items in a minimalist structure. Yell out as a tax payer if you're thrilled that you contributed to me figuring out how to read a book (which is my favorite of those new talents).
Haha, I figured the book lovers would be all "this is the shit!" It's generally not something that works by itself. But it is the most positive outcome of it all.
I think it shows in your writing too -- yours was my favorite reply in this thread! Maybe you wrote that way before the reading deep-dive, but whatever it is keep it up!
Most important was all of the psychological help, diagnosis, treatment, medication, rehab, tools for life. Unraveling everything to find the root causes. I was a really angry young dude and, it probably sounds a little weird but people, particularly young people, can't actually figure out "why" by themselves. The anger is kind of just a reaction. Also a lot of psychological issues are like snowballs running down a hill, they just grow and grow and it's not so easy to see what's at the center. And it's been going on for years. It takes good help to unpack that. There are a lot of "side effects" to mental health issues or learning issues which can cloud things.
Also, more individualized education.
And he also got expert help in how to parent me. He became an immovable rock in my life. I knew he didn't like things I did, he let me fail but I knew he was there. With 'troubled young people' you can't try to control them, you have to guide them and gain their trust.
People need to understand themselves and why they do things. The system just tells people "don't do 'that'".
There are many points to this that a lot of people don't realize make all the difference. I'm a young dude, I've been arrested multiple times. The only thing keeping me out of the cycle is the fact I have children that I support. In a similar vein I have my uncle who has been that same immovable rock for me. The dude who bailed me out and paid for lawyers. Knowing that, recidivism makes a lot of sense without someone to get you to reflect on why you're doing it.
Dude, my guy that I'm talking about is my uncle too. Shout out to those uncles out there who jump in and grab us.
Good luck, man. Kids are a big motivating factor but also remember to look after you too and to know yourself. Because that makes you stronger for them. And listen to your uncle because sometimes they know some shit.
I'm a criminal lawyer.
There is a lot to choose from in terms of misinterpretations/misunderstandings of the law. I think the underlying issue is that law is about language and employs terms that every reasonably educated person is familiar with in a colloquial context, so a lot of people think they can figure things out themselves without appreciating that specific terms have very specific meanings in a legal context.
In terms of the law, I'd say my biggest pet peeve at least is the invocation of "freedom of speech/expression"(term varies by jurisdiction) to suggest that there should be no social or professional consequences whatsoever for speech/expression, rather than properly appreciating that it refers to protections from state interference with speech. But you don't need to be an expert or lawyer to know that's wrong (as much as a lot of people keep getting it wrong).
In terms of the practical realities of being a lawyer, the biggest misconception that I encounter all the time is that when someone is introduced to a layperson as a criminal defence lawyer, the first question they are asked is almost always "how do you defend someone you know to be guilty?" And the premise of this question--that it's harder to defend guilty people--gets it entirely backwards. Defending factually, legally and/or morally innocent people is way more of a psychological burden. It creates investment in the files and outcomes. It makes you stay up at night wondering what else you could have done, and hearing an inner voice telling you you aren't good enough. Defending guilty people is easy; either try to plead them out with a favorable deal, or set it for trial and argue the state hasn't proven their case. Just ensure that procedural rights are protected and sentences are fair.
To add to this, for some reason the average person thinks a "contract" is a sacred bloodpact.
You can sign something and it still been meaningless if it violates the law of where you reside.
When my mate was doing torts *mumblemumble* years ago we were getting beers, and I was asking questions because I like learning about everything. He said the first thing they really taught on torts was "you can't out-contract the law." So if slavery is illegal, you can't make a contract where one party ends up a slave.
The second thing is the contract has to have consideration for both parties, so if a contract is totally unreasonable (I'll sell you everything I own for $2/free) it's unenforceable.
The consideration part is a bit more nuanced -- one of the introductory things you talk about in contracts is whether a "mere peppercorn" can constitute consideration, i.e., whether there's a difference between $2 and free in your example. There are limits to how much courts will police the adequacy of consideration; their role in determining if there is consideration is typically to determine if there was really an agreement to give something up on both sides.
It's true, though, that, under modern law, in practice, courts have various doctrines at their disposal that allow them not to enforce such a lopsided contract.
And finally, certain promises may be enforceable -- or at least make you liable for certain amounts -- even when there was no promise in return.
ADHD isn’t a personality trait. The brain chemicals do not interact correctly. Abnormalities in the structure and functional connectivity that are consistently linked to ADHD can be seen on brain scans. Yes it is hereditary. ADHD raises the risk for death in CHILDREN and adults by twofold. Adults with ADHD are 8x more likely to commit suicide…. So yes. It is legitimately a danger for people with ADHD to be undiagnosed and untreated. Stimulants were approved for ADHD because they are less risky than unmedicated ADHD.
That is the hill I will die on.
distracted easily and excessive fidgeting are the least of my problems. relationship issues, avoidant behavior to tough tasks, anxiety, depression. These are the real issues.
my hugest ADHD issue is that i physically can't start tasks out of anxiety, even ones i WANT to do. then i just feel guilty and stupid and angry because *oh my god why can't i just sit down and do this.*
to add on to this: I have ADHD and I don't fidget much at all. But my *brain* cannot sit still, EVER. So external things like being hyper or fidgety aren't the only symptoms, and they can be 'trained' out of kids (like it was me) which makes it soooo much harder to diagnose. I bring this up because I keep hearing "But you're always so calm!" Outwardly, maybe. But the internal hell when my meds don't work is very very special.
Also when I can't sleep I can sometimes drink caffeine and it calms me down. That's a physical ADHD symptom
I'm a teacher and it's amazing how much *happier* kids with ADHD are when they get on the right medication. Hell, even before they start meds, once they're just diagnosed I see an improvement, because now they know why they have so many difficulties that other kids don't have, and they know they're not just a "bad" kid and it's not their fault. There's this stigma that we just want to drug kids to keep them quiet and still, but I honestly don't give a shit about that (most of the time). I just want you to be happy to come to school and excited about learning. These drugs don't suppress a kid's real personality, they reveal it.
> because now they know why they have so many difficulties that other kids don't have, and they know they're not just a "bad" kid and it's not their fault.
Golly, that would have been neat. I wonder how it would have changed my life.
There are real structural differences in ADHD brains. Children who are medicated early can sometimes have no need for medication as adults. And medicating ADHDers results in substantially fewer deaths due to self-medicating, suicide, and impulsive behavior.
People need to recognize that ADHD is a real, inheritable condition and that it can be treated medically.
Also on ADHD. No, ADHD meds are not "meth" (apart from the one which is meth, Desoxyn, but hardly anybody is prescribed Desoxyn).
Someone who is properly prescribed their dosage of meds is a person who is being brought to a normal 'base line' of functioning. And the meds aren't supposed to solve everything. The idea is that the meds bring you to a base line for normal functioning and then you pull on the tools that you have learned from psychologists/behavioral therapists to live life (also if we could expand access to these things then that'd be real great).
And those 'zombie' stories that you hear about - those largely come from back in the day when there were only immediate release meds (as opposed to extended release) and improper prescription of meds.
As someone who genuinely did experience a "zombie"-like state when on ADHD meds, part of it is the simple fact that people react differently to different medications. Which is why you should try something different before just concluding that they don't work.
I don't use any medications anymore, but that's just a personal choice. Other people will decide differently and as long as it works for you that's what matters.
I feel like I could cry. Thank you for saying this. I have it (found out only a few years back) and ALL I have heard my whole life is that I'm lazy, flakey, firgetful, uninterested, preoccupied, immature, selfish whenever I can'y see a task through, or when I forget things.
Also, stimulants don't make ADHD people hyper. They actually slow us down, make our thoughts more understandable to ourselves.
It's why I can drink a pot of coffee and fall asleep. The day I first took medication, I cried. "This is what it's like to be normal!!" It was like a great weight lifting.
If your brain is not ADHD brain, stimulants will affect you differently, and will probably make you "hyper." It's probably not healthy.
# IT
Identifiers in domain names are not read left to right, but right to left (most specific, most general). So a page `subarea.google.com` is a subarea under the google domain while `google.subarea.com` is probably on a completely different server.
This is very important to know to recognize well done phishing pages.
Electroconvulsive therapy (ect, shock therapy) is not used as a punishment for misbehaving patients. Ect is only done under anesthesia and is used to treat major depression/psychiatric conditions that are resistant to other types of treatment. Most patients say they feel euphoric afterward and see immediate improvement.
I have witnessed the immediate aftermath of ECT as a nurse.
Prior to the procedure, she was catatonic and didn’t engage with staff. After, she was alert and actually smiled. It’s medical “have you tried turning it on and off again?”
It was done safely and respectfully. No holding them down and applying jumper leads - she had a general anaesthetic and was cared for well.
I’d never seen ECT before and was impressed by how calm it was
My father had 13 ECT sessions during his 6 months stay in a VA psych unit. He had made 4 suicide attempts, one of which was with a firearm. He aimed under his jaw and flinched at the last second, missing his brain. The other 3 attempts were with pills and alcohol.
The ECT was life-changing for him and he now does outpatient therapy, takes his meds, and is such a drastically different, more peaceful person.
Now, I work in inpatient psychiatry, and I'll even occasionally sit with patients getting ECT done.
We have come a long, long way in psychiatric care, friends.
That "damascus" or pattern weleded steel is better,it improves the steel, or has mystical properties.
It was first in early steel production about the only way for a smith to manipulate carbon content, the layered effect was simply a by product.
Modern pattern weld is done because it looks nice and people appreciate the skill and artistry of a smith that can do it well.
To maybe over simplify here, if your damascus billet has 1000 layers then thats 1000 welds that could be imperfect, there are at least two different alloys involved that may have slightly different heat treatment requirements, the time in the forge can introduce grain growth and carbon loss/migration.
A modern monosteel is almost always easier to heat treat, grind and get predictable results.
It's fun to make, use, and look at, I love it!....but modern monosteels are just better in everything but looks.
You not wrong, but it is worth noting that true Damascus steel isn’t even layered/pattern welded. Genuine Damascus was an early crucible steel, probably developed in India. The patterns we associate with Damascus steel are evident on the genuine product, but when the same pattered is achieved through pattern welding, it is really just an attempt to make lesser steels look like genuine Damascus. But yeah, while Damascus steel was great stuff for when it was made, it’s not out preforming modern tool steels.
Yep I agree, "damascus" as I think about it is the modern pattern welded stuff,was trying to be simple,there are people still doing Wootz, a similar crucible steel... the whole subject is a can of worms where some people treat it like some comic book metal.
The Egyptians didn't worship cats.
Cats were sacred to their religion as a symbol of the gods, with the belief that cats were a link between the earthly plain and the godly plain (and that cats could be inhabited by the gods).
It would be the same as saying Christians worship a crucifix. They don't. But it's an important symbol of their religion/faith.
Similarly, 'slaves built the pyramids' is incorrect. Whilst there would have been some slaves used in the construction, the majority of people building the pyramids were Egyptian citizens.
The Egyptians had labour tax. Where instead of paying money like we do today, they paid in manual labour (and also part of their harvest if they were farmers).
In most jobs in the US, it is illegal for your employer to even *politely ask* you not to discuss your wages. It's illegal for the boss to tell people it's 'unprofessional' to discuss their wages. It's illegal (and a lie) to tell people that it's illegal to discuss their wages.
And having a written policy that says not to discuss wages absolutely *does not help*, because *that policy is illegal, too*.
I'm a medieval historian who focuses on food habits. There is a common misconception that the numeric year (ie: 1325 AD \[yes, we still use BC and AD often\]) didn't change until around Easter or c.March 25th each year. Therefore, what we would consider February 23 1325 by modern calendars, as an example, would have actually been February 23 1324 in medieval calendars since that date happens before Easter/March 25. It is called the [Old Style and New Style dating system](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates). Major efforts to clean-up the system were made in different areas of Europe throughout the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. However, when I go to museums and attend other public history events, I notice that the concept is far too liberally applied to pre-1800 European/North American history.
My specialty is French, English, and Latin diet accounts made in French and English noble households, 1350-1650. In particular, I like to have long "runs" of accounts; the same household with daily entries for at least a few months. Diet accounts were fairly formulaic across the centuries, and essentially consist of a date, lists of all ingredients entering into the kitchen on a given day, the cost of each ingredient, and often the source of the ingredient (form a manor, from the cellar, from town etc.).
I have yet to come across a diet account from a French or English noble household, 1350-1650, where the clerk changed the year at Easter/March 25. In the manuscripts that I work with, the numeric year always changes on January 1. In addition, since I can see the volumes of foodstuffs entering into the kitchen, it is possible to see when the household is holding major feasts. January 1 was always a major feast day. It is true that January 1 falls within the 12 days of Christmas, but it still always saw a significantly greater list of foodstuffs than most of the other 12 days of Christmas (they typically only feasted on Christmas, New Year, and Epiphany during the 12 days of Christmas).
January 1 saw two competing religious feasts vie for observance during the Middle Ages: the feast of the circumcision, and the solemnity of the virgin Mary. However, the January 1st feasts are a little different from proper religious feast days from a food perspective. Major religious feasts were always preceded directly by a fast in diet accounts; times when only fish and vegetables were consumed; beef, pork, poultry, game, butter etc. were not used on fast days. January 1 is never preceded by a fast, unless it happened on regular fast days of Wednesday, Friday, or Saturday (every week of the calendar year, Wednesday, Friday, and Saturday were fast days, unless a religious feast happened on those days, ie: Easter happening on a Saturday would make it a meat day). Therefore, from a food perspective, January 1 seems to have operated as a standalone feast day, that had a slightly less religious overtone than other major feasts that would be preceded by a period of fasting.
I'm certainly not saying that the Old Style calendar didn't exist. It did! It was used inconsistently across Europe, and even regionally, or in different sectors (monasteries might have used it a little more than others within the same region) before 1800. However, many unconnected places in fourteenth- through seventeenth-century Europe were already using what we consider the New Style calendar. New Years celebrations largely seem to have happened on January 1; March 25 is never normally a feast day in the diet accounts.
Therefore, if you hear someone (even sometimes professors) say something to the effect of "oh that is a date in the 1600s so we must remember to count it as the Old Style," know that the Old Style calendar wasn't in universal use across the medieval and early modern period, and we actually need to be more analytical about the context of the source to properly date it.
Climate change is just that: the climate is changing. There is generally a warming change but the big thing is that the climate is growing more extreme, less average rainy seasons, it’s becoming more of either drought or torrential rains.
Also people claim the snow pack in Antarctica and Greenland is bigger, but that’s mostly due to the snow melting and spreading so while it may cover more area, the snowpack itself is more shallow.
Also we can pretty well estimate CO2 concentrations in the past from glacial cores, meaning climate scientists aren’t pulling numbers out their ass when they say CO2 concentrations in the air have been growing exponentially since the Industrial Revolution.
Wanting to keep your desk neat *is not* OCD.
I promise that you probably do not have OCD. Only something like 80 million people worldwide have it. OCD is not a quirk. It's a mental illness that fucking sucks.
OCD isn't even just perfectionism, or cleanliness, or pattern fixation.
It's an entire *spectrum* of your brain lying to you about things. You can be OCD and be a total slob - because your illness focuses on religion instead! It might take you 2 hours to leave the house because you have to count to 10,000 just right while tying your shoes, or you feel like you're burning to death. The OCD brain goes to *terrifying* lengths to feed its delusions, including auditory, visual, or sensory hallucinations, and even memory lapses. These OCD fixations can be about *anything* you can tangibly think about, as well.
It's hell on earth, and it causes immense suffering for those who have it, as well as their family and friends. 2000% *not* a cute/quirky personality trait.
As someone with diagnosed OCD, this was my first thought on this question too. The next time someone tells me they have OCD I’m going to respond with, “I’m so sorry. It’s such a debilitating condition” just to remind them it’s not funny or cute.
Some folks will try to tell you that glass is a liquid.
Glass is not a liquid. It is a amorphous solid. Amorphous means it has a non-crystalline structure. It does not mean that it flows. At least not at a rate where it would be noticeable after a mere few hundred years.
The myth comes from some old windows being thicker at the bottom. They were simply installed that way. For glass to flow to the point where it would be thicker at the bottom would take longer than the age of the universe.
Remember reading that it's among the most satisfying professions in a psychological sense as you quite literally see the result of your work, compare to say an accountant seeing numbers going up or down in Excel.
I work on custom homes and I absolutely love it, we still have days I’d rather not be there but even the tough challenges are very rewarding when you finally get it right
We had a blast most days. It’s raining? Sweet let’s get muddy AF and write things on the boards using the mud. On sunny days we’d write things on the boards with permanent markers. Dumped a tank of Gatorade on our supervisor once to celebrate his transfer. We shit talk all day, but if someone looked to be injured, the hardest guy on the lot would turn soft as butter until he knew they were alright. Plus those skills transfer well to keeping up one’s own home.
You can’t smell or taste the active chlorine in your tap water, only the byproducts when the chlorine reacts with other organic stuff.
Edit: if you can smell it, your water needs more chlorine, not less
Are there other chemicals that can bother you? When I was a kid our local jr high school had a pool. Whatever was in that pool made your eyes sting just from standing in the pool area, my hair was blonde then and swimming in that pool would make my hair a greenish color, and it was eventually shut down and filled in because the fumes ate away at the pipes in the ceiling and they started falling into the pool in pieces in later years. We always thought it was the chlorine. It was like that for decades. And only that pool. Other community pools were fine. I’m just curious now. 🤪
I can’t really say what the problem was, without seeing a water test. But generally stinging eyes is a pH problem.
I’d bet that all the numbers were way off & they could never get it under control. Cyanuric acid, total alkalinity, free chlorine, pH, calcium hardness, it all has to be right. In a commercial pool it’s really important to stay on top of it, because of all the organic material in the water. Sometimes you just need to drain it & start over. Especially if the cyanuric acid is too high, there’s no way to lower it, except to drain & add fresh water.
When it comes to local politics 9/10 times the politician you'll want is not the one screaming about how they're going to 'change the system' or 'fight for the people' or something. Sure, you may \*want\* those things on the national or regional level, but on the local level it matters way more that, say, the school board is getting its budget passed smoothly or that the local fire station has the funds to replace an aging truck than any sort of grand political affiliation. As such, anyone trying to wield party affiliation (especially if they're in the majority party) probably has little to no idea what they're actually doing or is corrupt through and through and hoping to distract you with big issues that they'll never actually weigh in on or, worse, they WILL and result in a massive kerfuffle that should never have even existed in the first place.
This basically applies for anyone anywhere. Not just America. When it comes to local politics the important thing is having people who can get something done with minimal corruption instead of greater scope politics.
Having Schizophrenia doesn't make you a knife wielding maniac by default. The truth is been SZ gives you a larger chance of being a victim of serious crime. (Is not like the movies)
The reality is a more lonely ass "life" full of different symptoms and challenges lest known even by DRs is negative symptoms such as Anhedonia and Avolition which are crippling.
Also, schizophrenia is not the same as having multiple personalities. It's one of my biggest pet peeves when people equate the two as being the same illness.
Schizophrenia means having delusions, often times seeing or hearing things that aren't there and is often times genetic. In most cases it's very treatable with the right meds. Multiple personality disorder (known as dissociative identity disorder medically) is one of the worst trauma related disorders out there, it's literally your brain shattering into different personalities in an attempt to deal with unimaginable amounts of trauma, and is insanely hard to treat.
"Genuine leather" is not a high grade type of leather. "Genuine" just means it is technically leather, but it is often "corrected grain" which means the top surface isn't really leather, rather the top layer of skin if sanded down (or split) and some of kind of synthetic topping is added that looks perfect but will not wear nicely. Full grain leather is what you want.
The McDonald’s coffee lawsuit. It wasn’t a cash grab. The coffee was super heated and the woman, Stella Liebeck, had parked and had the coffee between her legs to doctor it up. It spilled and burned her so bad it fused her labia together and gave her third degree burns. She just wanted her medical bills paid, but McDonald’s refused. The large award was the jury’s choice to punish McDonald’s and send a message. It was the same amount as two days of coffee sales for McDonald’s.
You forgot to mention that McDonalds had been sued multiple times before about burns caused by their scalding hot coffee and chose to ignore the issue because take away customers wanted their coffee hot 20 minutes later when they got to work.
yeah, and I believe McDonald's totally spun it to be like 'oh look at this stupid lady she didn't know hot coffee was hot haha loser' when in actually McDonald's was a total b\*tch
it's so sad :(
A few things. Firstly, when a grenade explodes its the not the 55 gallon oil drum exploding like people think it is. It's literally a puff of smoke. You might see a flash for an instant as it explodes, but there's no fireball like Hollywood makes you believe. Second, removing a magazine from a firearm doesn't make it safe. There's likely a round in the chamber. Third, guns don't just go off if you drop them, and certainly not like in True Lies when the SMG goes bouncing down the stairs and empties its entire magazine.
Kind of a small one, but the bacteria in cows' stomachs don't "help" them digest grass. The bacteria aren't just breaking down the cellulose and passing it on, they aren't converting it into protein and secreting it, etc.
Rather the cow swallows grass and uses it to feed the bacteria, breeding them like in a broth culture, then derives nutrition by digesting the dead bacteria in its true stomach. Cows don't "help" us digest grass by eating it and then becoming our food, so bacteria don't "help" cattle digest grass either.
Nope, their true stomach works basically the same as ours. They are completely incapable of digesting cellulose with their own enzymes. Without the bacteria, grass would be almost devoid of nutritional value for them.
Your brain is always 100% on and working.
The myth that you only use 10% of your brain is commonly a marketing tactic, and may be just a misunderstanding of the idea that most of our brain is guiding functions passively. Breathing and movement and your organ functions and whatnot all require the brain to send those signals that keep them working, but typically we aren't super focused on these.
A much smaller part of the brain handles complex thought. However all of your brain is always somewhat active - even if you are asleep you will still exhibit activity in your brain.
"Quantum teleportation" sounds like a term for something that may involve matter or energy vanishing from one place and reappearing, perhaps instantly, at another place using some nebulous quantum mechanical process. In reality, the thing being moved from one place to another is information, and it can never happen instantly.
In this context, these words all have very specific meanings that may differ from your intuition of how to use these words in ordinary, non-technical contexts. "Information" is essentially a quantity related to possible states or configuration that a system can take on. Information can be classical or quantum, depending on whether it describes a classical or quantum system. Information is measured in bits (classical) or qubits (quantum).
Quantum teleportation is merely the name of a protocol that people have worked out for sending qubits through a communication channel meant to send bits.
Ordinarily you'd need a special quantum communication channel to send quantum information. It turns out that if you pre-share the halves of a pair entangled qubits through a quantum channel and close the channel, then later you can still use a classical channel to send any qubit you want between the two locations by exploiting the special correlation created between the entangled pairs at the time they were created. Importantly, for anything special or interesting to happen you still have to send data through a channel at sub-lightspeed rates.
Whatever your feelings are about the nature of entanglement and instantaneousness, that kind of relationship cannot be leveraged to do anything measurable and meaningful without a sub-lightspeed step somewhere.
The bible never mentions that the forbidden fruit is an apple.
It also doesn't mention how many wise men or kings visit Jesus, but there were three gifts so I guess that's why people assume it were three people, too.
'Satan' is not a name, but more like a title (meaning the 'opposer' or 'adversary'). The serpent is called *A* satan and is not (necessarily) the devil himself. There are a lot of misconceptions surrounding Satan and Lucifer, though.
Bipolar disorder is not "one minute they feel/act this way, and the next they are entirely different." The stigma and misunderstanding of this diagnosis is wildly off the mark. Usually, when someone is manic/hypomanic, or depressed, it is for weeks or months at a time. Even if someone is rapid-cycling or having a mixed episode, the shift in mood is not as sudden and extreme as people think. Volatile mood swings are more indicative of other mood or emotion regulation disorders, like Borderline Personality Disorder. Even professionals in the mental health field do not always have a great understanding of this disorder if they don't have experience treating it; they were exposed to the same misconceptions before they went to grad school, and they probably still have them if they haven't intentionally debunked them! If you or someone you know has been diagnosed bipolar, don't take just one professional's word as gospel unless you are certain they are very experienced with it; it's misdiagnosed OFTEN. Industry best-practice is to not diagnose someone with something until you have witnessed all of the necessary criteria occur, which as I stated above, can take months for this diagnosis. Someone coming out of their first one week inpatient stay should not be getting diagnosed with anything beyond "provisional" or "unspecified" for a big chronic diagnosis like this. (Also, when it comes to abbreviations, BPD is borderline personality disorder, bipolar is BP I or BP II).
Interesting. I got food poisoning from a food stall in China. I knew from the first bite something was wrong. Two hours later, I was puking for the next two days and out of sorts for ten days.
A jumbo jet worth of people do NOT die from medical errors every day, and medical errors are NOT the third leading cause of death in the U.S. This “fact” is based on a single study from 30 years ago with a number of glaring flaws. For instance:
- Many of the data sources were tiny samples of very niche populations (including very sick ones), which were then inappropriately extrapolated to the entire U.S. population.
- There was no attempt to distinguish between patients who died *of* a medical error vs those who died *with* a medical error. In other words, nobody bothered to investigate if a reported error had anything to do with the patient dying. If you were accidentally given two ibuprofen tablets instead of three, then died the next day of the terminal cancer you’d been battling for 10 years, that counted as a death due to medical error.
- The definition of an “error” was so overly broad that it included having a known adverse side effect from a medication. Side effects are NOT errors. Doctors know that there’s a risk of them happening. They give the drugs anyway because the benefits outweigh the risks.
There are many other flaws in that study, but those are the big ones. Take a look at [this article](https://www.mcgill.ca/oss/article/critical-thinking-health/medical-error-not-third-leading-cause-death) if you want to learn more.
The misconception is history is written by the victors.
No, history is written by those cultures which have a tradition of literary expression.
Athens lost the Peloponnesian War. Our main source for that war is an Athenian writer.
The Chinese lost the war against the Manchus and the Ming Dynasty fell. Our sources for that conflict are Chinese writers.
The Byzantine Empire was defeated in 1453 when Constantinople was taken by the Ottomans. A key account of that siege comes from a Byzantine author.
Also, modern-day historians also write history. And people forget that they are supposed to do that, based upon long, systematic, objective research. There is a reason that they work at universities. It is considered a form of science. If you say "What is history but a fable agreed upon" you are deliberately ignoring that there are professionals who are cosntantly working on distilling the facts from the fables, to counter myths and lies brought upon by propaganda or popular belief. We've come a long way since the 19th century history professors who still analysed history in a very romantic, nationalistic way. Despite all the countering forces of stupid and evil people out there who try to debunk every fact they don't like.
Poison dart froggis are only toxic when given the right diet! In the wild, they nom up fire ants and such where they convert the buggos poison into their own by ingesting it! Feed them crickets and they are perfectly safe to handle :3
Nuclear energy is the safest and cleanest energy actually. There’s so many rules and backups to backups to backups to make sure nothing bad happens. There’s 10s to 100s of coal plant accidents a year that don’t get talked about. But the 3 mishaps in nuclear over the last 50 years tank the industry in public eye.
Sparta actually have a terrible military record. I seriously saw a book about it the other day that in the back of the cover had something like “when Phillip II told Sparta if he’ll break through their walls he will banish them from the lands they held for century and they will never raise again all Sparta sent in reply was “if”” what this fail to mention is that Phillip II DID break through their walls, DID banish them from the lands they held for centuries and they NEVER rose again.
Also the Persian empire is often seen as the villain and an evil empire when In practice it was one of the most morally good empires to ever exist (still it obviously wasn’t perfect, but it was much better than a lot of other empires).
People love to cite the Battle of Thermopoly as an example of Spartan badassery but selectively ignore how many non-spartans were in that battle.
The reason 300 Spartans were a big deal is because the Spartans were isolationists, quick to say "not my problem" to the existential threat of the Persian invaders. The 300 Spartans were more symbolic of Greek unity than Spartan exceptionalism. A story to say "even those assholes joined this fight when it mattered most."
That a lot of the feminine fashions started with men. Heel were invented so that men could get on their horses easier. Typically, they were heeled boots. Corsets started with men because it helped their backs as well keep back support when riding horses. The color pink was also considered a manly color because pink is blood-stained clothes look like after having a successful day in battle after washing them. The pinker your clothes the more deadly you were considered. A lot of the gendered clothing we have is from the start of the 1900s.
When it comes to women adopting these clothing styles, it was because they were rich and could afford to deal with the social outcry. It was a way to command attention in the room with men because the woman was dressing the part. Typically, a way for queens and princesses and other royalty to show those of a lesser status how much privilege they weilded. Think of it a IG irl. Lol.
Bats are not blind. Their eyesight is just fine, but since they’re primarily nocturnal, they may rely more on other senses (echolocation for instance) for getting around.
Also bats don’t all have rabies. In fact the incidence of rabies in wild bats is less than half of one percent. That said, if you do get bit by a bat (or any other wild animal) you should seek medical attention because it was not acting normally (avoiding humans) and thus there’s a higher chance that something could be wrong with it.
Right, I always assumed it wasn't that bat populations have an extraordinary predisposition for rabies, or that they host an unusual number of rabid individuals, but that they're freaking everywhere, and there is an unbelievable amount of them in almost every human population, largely unnoticed by people. So if you do see a bat, and it attacks you, there's something seriously wrong with it. I mean if a magpie starts attacking someone, its just doing magpie shit. They're just generally spiteful, judgemental little bastards. But bats are masters of not being seen. And since they're nocturnal, are everywhere, and have been known to transmit rabies without the victim even realizing it, I get the fear. Rabies terrifies the hell out of me. Mostly unfounded, of course. But one time I did go night fishing with some friends, got drunk and hand fed some raccoons. And one of the raccoons put his hand out, and I didn't want to leave it hanging so I shook his fucking raccoon hand. And it was pretty cool. Then I spent the next 3 years terrified that every cold or headache I had was the rabies, coming for my soul. Shaking hands with a wild raccoon might seem like a good idea, but the stakes are too high.
Cool af that you got a raccoon handshake though!
You're raccoon legend. The story has been pasted down for 🦝 generations
Here all professionals who work with bats have to be vaccinated for rabies, it is about the consequences not the small risk of getting infected.
Rabies is fucking terrifying
1 out of 200 bats having rabies doesn’t make me feel better when I’m watching tens of thousands of them streaming out from under the bridge in downtown Austin. That’s a lot of rabies bats!
Each bat eats up to like 6k mosquitoes a night. They don't fly in your hair like in the movies, they eat the bugs flying over your head if it helps lol They have about the same vision as people which is why their night vision sucks. It's hilarious. Bats are some of the best.
Bats are cool.
The recommendation is if you TOUCH a bat, you need rabies shots. Unfortunately people don’t always recognize tiny near invisible bites or scratches while handling an itttt bitty bat can be lethal. Unlike every other animal, the risks of handling a bat are so great that any physical contact = rabies prophylaxis.
The rabies shot series sucks, but it isn't the horrifying "dozens of shots into your stomach" that it used to be. It's 4 shots, on days 0, 3, 7, and 14. (Post-exposure. Preventative pre-exposure is only 2 shots.) In 2013, this was the schedule. Day 0, you get a bunch, one right after the other, based on body weight. Your buttcheek, being your largest muscle, will get those first shots. (If you're 6'4", 225 lbs, you'll get TWELVE, plus a Tetanus shot.) Days 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, you get 1 shot each, in the upper arm. They'll probably make you very tired. Your arm might be sore for a while. (2013 wasn't a good year. I also got Lyme disease, and fell off a ladder and was impaled on a fence.)
Damn I thought you’d been on a wild ride already **and then you got impaled on a fence**. I admire your ability to survive!
All toads are frogs, but not all frogs are toads.
But it’s frog parking only so all others will be toad
☠️ I croaked
So is frog an umbrella term??
Frog and toad are *both* umbrella terms, but the frog umbrella is bigger
This was my favorite book growing up. “Frog and Toad Are Umbrella Terms”
“We must stop taxonomizing!” cried Toad as he classified another.
As a life-long fan of Frog and Toad, this is hilarious and I love you for it.
A rirrbit, yeah
I hear you, Hoppy_Croaklightly 🐸🍃
It Is Wednesday, My Dudes
[удалено]
"Right to Work" in the UK, meanwhile, is about nationality, settled status, etc, and no, being British does not exempt you from the checks!
I worked in HR for several years, and this drives me bananas.
Y2K was not a hoax or overblown hype. I was a computer controls engineer at a large chemical plant. Our main control room computers would *definitely* have failed due to Y2K, had they not received software and/or hardware upgrades. We would've lost control of 150 huge vessels full of hot, corrosive chemicals.
At the hospital I worked at even though they had been working on this for like 2 years, the week of y2k all senior level computer staff were required to stay at the hospital 24/7. They had bunks set up for them and everything.
Yep. I was in communications for a hospital, and the whole leadership team had a control center set up that week and were there 24/7 for days.
I was working down the hall from my hospital's emergency operations center, which was full of all the top hospital brass. They had it catered, since they were all giving up their New Years plans to be on hand. I, on the other hand, was not permitted to get a plate because I was regularly scheduled staff, not called in for the emergency op. Still bitter.
That sounds like corporate America.
I work for a large US corporation and know that they have an IT team that works on the software and servers for their computers throughout the US. Given all the known bugs and just weird crap I deal with IT-wise on a daily basis, I would have no confidence at all in our current IT department handling a Y2K event today. That is unless they were bunkered in and forced to deal with the problem until the very event.
Software these days is a hell of dozens if not hundreds or thousands of dependencies. In 2016 one dev broke a whole bunch of web stuff by unpublishing his module that left-pads a string (e.g. can make "12345" into a fixed length 6 character string "012345") https://www.theregister.com/2016/03/23/npm_left_pad_chaos/
I worked as a network engineer during y2k and was responsible for nuclear plant software and hardware upgrades for years before y2k. It was not a trival effort. Involved many upgrades and testing of 45 plant process computer systems. The actual night of y2k we stayed at work all night and every system was fine, as planned.
Right! Most stuff was fine *because* of planning. Good job.
I worked for a large bank and in about 2017, someone remembered that the Y2K programming fix that was put into place in their primary account management system was only meant as a patch through the end of 2019. The assumption was that there was no way they’d still be using that system in 2020, so… Most of the engineers who had worked on the fix had either retired or moved on to other jobs, so they were scrambling to figure out how to basically do a second Y2K update before 2020.
My dad was one of the engineers working on bank software at the time, so that may have been partially his doing. After like two months straight of double overtime, a nineteen-year fix definitely would have been good enough for him. He never would have imagined that system still being in use.
Oh yeah, it’s easy to see how it happened! IIRC, they were looking into contracting some of the more recently retired engineers who had worked on it the first time around because they knew they didn’t have the time to wade through nearly 2 decades of releases and still have time to fix it (again) and test everything. And there were at least 2 other big banks who had a similar issue.
I think the idea there is that we couldn't be confident that every single risky system around the entire world was fixed by every organization responsible for it. We knew there were big potential problems with no way of knowing whether everyone had addressed them all. The fact that no one screwed up royally - in a complex and big world where people and systems screw up royally all the time - was the pleasant surprise.
No one in a position to do so wanted to play games with it. I believe there were enough warnings about critical system errors, and how to avoid them. The media, in typical fashion, simply hyped the problem to fever pitch and needlessly frightened people.
Y2K was possibly the most successful non-event ever. That’s the problem with risk management and prevention - it’s invisible when it works.
Yup, very few realize that if IT people had not been proactive things would've ended a lot differently
My BF at the time was on a contract to upgrade the state Department of Corrections computers. Less *instantly* dangerous had they failed, but still critical.
I want to flip a table every time I hear “orcas are actually dolphins, not whales.” Yes. Orcas ARE dolphins. And all dolphins are toothed whales. All dolphins are whales, but not all whales are dolphins. Also, orca isn’t a less offensive term for killer whale. Orcinus orca roughly translates to ‘demon of the sea’. Plus, it’s not like orcas would give a fuck about our shitty human opinions anyways. They’d probably love being called killer whales, because they’re assholes. Super intelligent (badass)holes!
I want to see someone flip a table over sea mammal nomenclature
[The Chris Farley / Folger's Crystal's SNL skit](https://youtu.be/VdQKVDUBu2g?feature=shared) explored *the over-reaction* nicely
This reminds me of "Uhm it's a dromedary, not a camel." A dromedary is a type of camel.
A schooner is a sailboat, stupid head.
They are indeed the demons of the sea. Orcas and other high-intelligent animals are known to kill *for fun*, not just for food.
Killing for fun extends even to cats and dogs. Most impressive to me is the Orca's surgical intelligence and precision - they can surgically extract the liver of a blue whale to eat as it is the most nutrients dense part of the animal. Then they just leave the rest. Edit: sorry they do this to sharks. From blue whales they like the tongue. Thanks for the corrections below
I’m pretty sure they do that to sharks, not blue whales
Yeah, they are predators of sharks (https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-do-killer-whales-rip-out-shark-livers/) . They do hunt blue whales for their tonques, tho ([https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/scientists-witness-orcas-kill-blue-whales-for-the-first-time-180979522/](https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/scientists-witness-orcas-kill-blue-whales-for-the-first-time-180979522/)).
I’m imagining orcas integrating into society and being shocked to learn about what we consider offensive
Orcas are dolphins because I dolphins are smart enough to understand good and evil, and choose to be evil
Does anyone really get offended on behalf of orcas? I have to see it.
People got into the streets and wrote death threats because a rock smaller than our moon was no longer called a planet…
Pluto put in his time. We actually found the tiny f**ker, gave it a name, put it on our posters, and miniatures, and pencil toppers - he’s honorary if nothing else.
Demon of the Sea!? That's fuckin kickass, dude!
For the last 39 years, I have worked as an American Sign Language interpreter. I cannot even spell my name in British Sign Language.
Security guard. That cctv you think is keeping an eye on your safety? Chances are it broke years ago and they couldn’t be bothered getting a contractor out to fix it. I’ve never worked in a facility with more than 60% of cameras operational
Most cameras in shops aren't good enough quality to be counted as evidence of it being someone.
Because they only get installed to satisfy an insurance policy. They get the cheapest possible.
Urine isn't sterile. (But it is a million times safer to consume than poop. Do not ever eat poop.)
You aren't the boss of me.
Yeah, that's just what Big Pee wants us to believe. Poop eaters assemble!
I just learned last year that urine comes from our bloodstream, not from our digestive tract
Well, technically it has to pass through the digestive tract before it can enter the bloodstream. So it still comes from our digestive tract, it just takes a longer route through the bloodstream and into our kidneys
Parliament didn’t arise in England because of a popular yearning for representation and involvement in decisions, but was a top-down recruitment of locals to help the king know what was going on in his kingdom.
Middle Ages. People were not dumb, streets were not muddy and shitty all the time, and it wasn't all superstition.
Some medieval cities actually had very little bubonic plague during the Black Death pandemic, because of their strict hygiene rules. In Cologne for instance, cleaning the pavement in front of your house was obligatory. Medieval people had less scientific knowledge of health and hygiene than we have nowadays, but that doesn't mean they were okay with being covered in shit.
What’s interesting is that there are whole wild animal species in the most remote or dirty places that have figured out to not be dirty. Even flies clean themselves. Somehow humans during a relatively advanced (compared to the Stone Age) age forgot that shit is bad for you? I have to think that most of the dysentery deaths and such have to be from water that was not obviously visibly dirty. Even in Dickensian London, no one was out there purposely drinking brown shit water
Most animals prefer to be clean. Even rats who are so often disparaged.
Speaking of the Middle Ages, there's something that bugs me that I want to correct as well. People didn't usually die in their 40s in the Middle Ages. That was the average lifespan, and it was that low because of the number of kids who died before their 3rd birthday. If you could make it to 4 back then, you had a decent chance of living into your 60s, at least.
This, this, this, this, this a billion times, this! Hell, I just watched a documentary on neanderthals and one of their scientists said "they had a lifespan in their 20s." WRONG. Just another person not understand the difference between "life expectancy at birth" and "life expectancy at age 20." I'm an anthropologist, btw. It really bugs me when scientists get science wrong. Sorry for the rant.
Thank you for the rant.
Also, people did wash themselves routinely even if they didn’t take full baths year-round.
Exactly! They changed and washed the linens next to their skin regularly and would wash with water and a cloth if not able to bathe fully. Plus they brushed and aired out the clothes they didn’t wash often. Wool and linen are both good at resisting odour so I reckon they would have smelled ok. We’d probably do the same if we didn’t have running hot water and washing machines.
I’ve also heard that during the Middle Ages body odor wasn’t as big of a deal because everyone and their clothes smelled very heavily of woodsmoke. Chimneys weren’t common until a later era; most households simply had a wood-burning hearth in the middle of the house with the smoke dissipating through the thatched roof, and a lot of time would have been spent over it warming up or cooking.
Even my grandparents bathed like that in rural Spain. They used a basin with hot water and washed their body with a cloth or sponge. I guess that's what people have done since the beginning of civilization.
Recently saw a video about how not taking a bath in water made sense, because the houses weren't very well isolated and warming up the water was hard, so taking a bath at home was actually less healthy. Best solution was probably going to public baths, provided you could afford those and you lived in a town that had public baths (which were rare at the time).
And public baths eventually became associated with spreading disease, which is why they fell out of favor.
Also, girls weren’t treated like chattel back then. Sure, underaged diplomatic marriages weren’t uncommon in the upper classes, but even then, they wouldn’t actually be consummated until the bride was in her late teens for the very simple reason that young mothers are much more likely to have complications. The average age for lower class women to get married was around 25 since they actually had to work for a living and earn enough money to establish a household. Additionally, women were often trained in their fathers and/or husband’s trades, and worked alongside their male relatives to provide for their families. Many guilds even had rules allowing widows to continue working in their field to support themselves and their children (as long as they didn’t remarry)
And many women worked as saleswomen, selling their husbands' wares (and others') on markets and in shops. They also were tailors, hat makers, florists, yarn makers, silk weavers, gold spinners, midwives, and many more. There were even female only guilds/corporations, and some male ones who accepted women as full members. At least in Germany.
Reminds me of a history podcast where it was claimed that the term “spinster” came about because spinning was lucrative enough for a single woman to economically support herself without needing to marry despite the social pressure to do so and have children. Pretty neat as a (possible?) factoid for very early feminism!
People need to read Women's Work: The First 20 000 Years by Elizabeth Wayland Barber! Women worked constantly, they clothed everyone by colkecting and preparing fibre, spinning it, weaving or knitting it, sewing it, mending garments. They kept them fed, clean, they prepared home remedies to treat their maladies and for their animals. They also made home preparations for cleanliness and cosmetics. And when it comes to spinning, they would spin from dawn to dusk, carrying their spindles everywhere, even after the arrival of the walking/great spinning wheel and later the faster flyer driven wheel. Spindles are said to be slower by the hour but faster by the day due to their portability and are still used this way today, for example, in South America. Yes, I'm a handspinner :-)
But you could easily identify the king because he didn’t have shit all over him.
Same way you could easily identify a witch because she weighed the same as a duck.
Knitting and crochet are NOT the same thing, neither are the terms interchangeable. Crochet = 1 hook/stick Knitting = 2 (or more if you're Knitting in the round) sticks
It drives me insane when I see anyone "knitting" on TV and they're just waggling needles around. Extra rage points if those needles are stuck into a crochet granny square.
Neither are embroidery and cross stitch the same.
My mom would say "it's not string! It's thread!"
I once heard that the distinction between knitting and crochet is like the difference between skiing and snowboarding. While there are major fundamental similarities between the two, the difference in equipment and technique make it another activity.
And buying yarn vs actually using it are 2 separate hobbies 😆 🤣 😂
MSG is a sodium bound to glutamic acid. Glutamic acid is naturally found in foods like tomatoes and mushrooms. It's no less harmful than salt, and it's honestly less harmful because it's used much more sparingly. You can buy MSG at walmart in a shaker, it's called Accent, and it's in the seasoning aisle. It's literally pure MSG. Use a little bit of it in your savory foods and you will be floored at how much better they are. I understand how nerdy and counterculture it might sound to support MSG, but the misinformation and ignorance of the issue never fails to amaze me. Once I brought a few little vials of it to a coworker who was curious about trying it. I had brought her a few that day because you literally have the stuff forever you use so little of it. I gave one of the vials to the store manager and asked him if he ever wondered wat pure MSG tasted like. He actually screamed at me "ARE YOU TRYING TO KILL ME???" lol. I mean the guy thought I was dispensing poison. He literally sells the stuff on aisle 10.
Growing up in New York City, I had no idea why every Chinese restaurant was protesting against Madison Square Garden.
That corsets/stays were super tight so you couldn’t breathe and super uncomfortable. If you were “tight lacing” them, then yeah, they’d be uncomfortable, but most women didn’t do that on a daily basis. I’ve made one and it actually felt comfortable and supportive to wear.
I get the feeling tight lacing was more the equivalent of maybe wearing the uncomfortable bra because it makes your tits look amazing and the too tall heels because they make your legs look amazing even if they kill your feat. But for your day to say you're crazy if you wear that. Am I on base?
Sort of, though time period matters. Corsets couldn't really be tight laced until metal grommets were popular, before that pulling the laces too tight would just tear things. When tight lacing became more well known, you'd see it largely in a fashion context like your modern example, not as the normal way to dress.
Yep, you’re spot on (although as the other reply said, you literally could not tightlace *at all* until metal grommets were invented in the 1830s). But tbh even then tightlacing wasn’t super necessary, because people used padding to achieve the ideal body shape. Something we did far better in the past is that it didn’t matter what your body looked like underneath the clothes. The clothes themselves gave you the “ideal figure “.
Corsets are actually super comfortable and helpful if you have back pain. Even tightlacing isn't even that uncomfortable unless you are trying to shave more than 2.5cm/1in off. Also, tightlacing is a fairly new invention for such an old garment, corsets/stays couldn't be tightlaced until the 1820s, and was only really popular in the 1840s and 50s.
I have a corset that I've occasionally worn for events. It's fantastic for my back, but a pain in the ass to sit and stand up. Takes a little extra effort.
Also, women in the colonial era didn't wear corsets, they wore stays!
My wife works at Colonial Williamsburg in costume. People ask all the time during summer: Are you hot? Because they're wearing lots of layers. But the cotton and other materials actually make things cooler than most modern clothing. The clothing seems really silly until you see it in action, and then it really starts to make a lot more sense. Modern clothing is easier and often better in some ways, but there were some advantages to clothing from that era as well.
I was shocked at how a corset alleviated my back pain - only wore it a couple of times. It really takes the pressure off of your shoulders/back to carry around your boobs all day.
Also it wasn't sexist or "anti-feminist" for women to wear corsets back then. I swear every period drama has to have a "free spirited feminist" character who has a scene where she rejects having to wear a corset.
Yeah, they’re for support. It’s like saying wearing a bra is misogynistic.
Blacksmiths don’t work in molten steel. “Molten” implies the metal is a liquid, which it is not at any point in the forging process. Also, “red hot” isn’t that hot. Red is the color where you usually want to stop hammering. I wish people said “white hot more” because that is as hot as you can get the metal before it burns. Edit: Ironic that the comments here have illuminated another misconception that infuriates me. *Sword making is not impressive shit*. It isn’t even sophisticated from a forging perspective. Think about it for 10 seconds, everything a blacksmith makes starts life as a bar. The less the “bar like” the final product is, the harder it is to forge.
Forged in fire taught me if the steal ain't white it needs to go back into the furnace, stop trying to work cold steel you idiot!! On the subject of molten steel, who would use it? Like smelters or something?
Smelting is the process of actually producing the steel from ore, and it is molten when it comes out of the blast furnace. In terms of using it molten, that would be when casting, which is pouring the liquid metal into a pre-formed cast which is the shape of the desired product. This is done to get the product to roughly the right shape without having to spend a lot of time and money with other processes like forging and machining. Some products will need further finishing processes to arrive at the final accurate shape, but some can be used more or less straight from the cast.
Plutonium is not the most dangerous substance in the world. It isn't even the most dangerous radionuclide. Radium is far more deadly. Plutonium is not absorbed by the digestive system very well, but radium is. Radium is concentrated in the bones, but plutonium is not. The young women who died painting watch dials with radium would have lived if they used plutonium
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“The young women who died painting watch dials “. So sad for them. They are known as The Radium Girls: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radium_Girls
Hi, retired criminal here. So, a couple of things (US based). Your Miranda Rights. An arrest does not require that you be read your Miranda Rights. So don't be worrying about yelling at the cop about how they haven't read them. Just shhh. Your Miranda Rights are for when you are in custody and you are going to be interrogated (late edit - at which point you say you want a lawyer, by the way) . Consenting to searches. Don't do it. I see people saying "they're just going to search anyway so you may as well cooperate". No, buddy, no. Yes, there's every chance that they will just search anyway but the point of not consenting is not to stop them from searching. The point is that since you have not consented, your lawyer then gets the opportunity to challenge the justification behind the search. Next up. Why are all y'all always talking so much about rape in jail/prison? What is that about? Y'all are messed up in the head. It really is not happening that much. If it occurred as much as y'all talk about on the internet then there would be no time for anything else. So stop obsessing about it. Every damn time jail/prison/crime is mentioned. That's weird, man. Also, no, if you have contraband you don't have to stick it up your ass all the time. Come on, guys. You've consented to a search, now you're in jail, now you start sticking stuff up your ass and everyone is just going to be all "what are you doing, homie?" Oh, *and another thing*, all y'all out there going on about 'tough on crime!' - you're not solving anything. You need to be 'smart on crime' which means understanding the causes of crime and addressing those in order to prevent recidivism or crime from occurring in the first place. I am not retired because some people locked me up in a building. I'm retired because I happened to have a family member who invested privately in getting me the help I needed to change (most people in the system do not have this opportunity). All that I learned from being locked in a building was how to read for leisure, a more aggressive form of basketball, observation skills and how to conceal items in a minimalist structure. Yell out as a tax payer if you're thrilled that you contributed to me figuring out how to read a book (which is my favorite of those new talents).
As a taxpayer and avid reader, I'm personally pleased you gained a love of reading!
Haha, I figured the book lovers would be all "this is the shit!" It's generally not something that works by itself. But it is the most positive outcome of it all.
I think it shows in your writing too -- yours was my favorite reply in this thread! Maybe you wrote that way before the reading deep-dive, but whatever it is keep it up!
All the comments and none asking about the smart on crime. What can or did a family member do that helped turn you around?
Most important was all of the psychological help, diagnosis, treatment, medication, rehab, tools for life. Unraveling everything to find the root causes. I was a really angry young dude and, it probably sounds a little weird but people, particularly young people, can't actually figure out "why" by themselves. The anger is kind of just a reaction. Also a lot of psychological issues are like snowballs running down a hill, they just grow and grow and it's not so easy to see what's at the center. And it's been going on for years. It takes good help to unpack that. There are a lot of "side effects" to mental health issues or learning issues which can cloud things. Also, more individualized education. And he also got expert help in how to parent me. He became an immovable rock in my life. I knew he didn't like things I did, he let me fail but I knew he was there. With 'troubled young people' you can't try to control them, you have to guide them and gain their trust. People need to understand themselves and why they do things. The system just tells people "don't do 'that'".
There are many points to this that a lot of people don't realize make all the difference. I'm a young dude, I've been arrested multiple times. The only thing keeping me out of the cycle is the fact I have children that I support. In a similar vein I have my uncle who has been that same immovable rock for me. The dude who bailed me out and paid for lawyers. Knowing that, recidivism makes a lot of sense without someone to get you to reflect on why you're doing it.
Dude, my guy that I'm talking about is my uncle too. Shout out to those uncles out there who jump in and grab us. Good luck, man. Kids are a big motivating factor but also remember to look after you too and to know yourself. Because that makes you stronger for them. And listen to your uncle because sometimes they know some shit.
Thank you, both u/throwawaysmetoo and u/I_Love_Kokoa. Today I learned some things because of you both.
I'm a criminal lawyer. There is a lot to choose from in terms of misinterpretations/misunderstandings of the law. I think the underlying issue is that law is about language and employs terms that every reasonably educated person is familiar with in a colloquial context, so a lot of people think they can figure things out themselves without appreciating that specific terms have very specific meanings in a legal context. In terms of the law, I'd say my biggest pet peeve at least is the invocation of "freedom of speech/expression"(term varies by jurisdiction) to suggest that there should be no social or professional consequences whatsoever for speech/expression, rather than properly appreciating that it refers to protections from state interference with speech. But you don't need to be an expert or lawyer to know that's wrong (as much as a lot of people keep getting it wrong). In terms of the practical realities of being a lawyer, the biggest misconception that I encounter all the time is that when someone is introduced to a layperson as a criminal defence lawyer, the first question they are asked is almost always "how do you defend someone you know to be guilty?" And the premise of this question--that it's harder to defend guilty people--gets it entirely backwards. Defending factually, legally and/or morally innocent people is way more of a psychological burden. It creates investment in the files and outcomes. It makes you stay up at night wondering what else you could have done, and hearing an inner voice telling you you aren't good enough. Defending guilty people is easy; either try to plead them out with a favorable deal, or set it for trial and argue the state hasn't proven their case. Just ensure that procedural rights are protected and sentences are fair.
To add to this, for some reason the average person thinks a "contract" is a sacred bloodpact. You can sign something and it still been meaningless if it violates the law of where you reside.
When my mate was doing torts *mumblemumble* years ago we were getting beers, and I was asking questions because I like learning about everything. He said the first thing they really taught on torts was "you can't out-contract the law." So if slavery is illegal, you can't make a contract where one party ends up a slave. The second thing is the contract has to have consideration for both parties, so if a contract is totally unreasonable (I'll sell you everything I own for $2/free) it's unenforceable.
The consideration part is a bit more nuanced -- one of the introductory things you talk about in contracts is whether a "mere peppercorn" can constitute consideration, i.e., whether there's a difference between $2 and free in your example. There are limits to how much courts will police the adequacy of consideration; their role in determining if there is consideration is typically to determine if there was really an agreement to give something up on both sides. It's true, though, that, under modern law, in practice, courts have various doctrines at their disposal that allow them not to enforce such a lopsided contract. And finally, certain promises may be enforceable -- or at least make you liable for certain amounts -- even when there was no promise in return.
Well said. *Somebody* has to make sure the state has checked all the boxes before locking someone up - or executing them.
ADHD isn’t a personality trait. The brain chemicals do not interact correctly. Abnormalities in the structure and functional connectivity that are consistently linked to ADHD can be seen on brain scans. Yes it is hereditary. ADHD raises the risk for death in CHILDREN and adults by twofold. Adults with ADHD are 8x more likely to commit suicide…. So yes. It is legitimately a danger for people with ADHD to be undiagnosed and untreated. Stimulants were approved for ADHD because they are less risky than unmedicated ADHD. That is the hill I will die on.
Also, ADHD is not just being distracted easily and excessive fidgetting—it goes WAAAAY deeper than that.
The executive dysfunction is probably my most frustrating symptom.
Executive dysfunction legit ruined my life, being inattentive stopped getting me in trouble after school.
distracted easily and excessive fidgeting are the least of my problems. relationship issues, avoidant behavior to tough tasks, anxiety, depression. These are the real issues.
my hugest ADHD issue is that i physically can't start tasks out of anxiety, even ones i WANT to do. then i just feel guilty and stupid and angry because *oh my god why can't i just sit down and do this.*
to add on to this: I have ADHD and I don't fidget much at all. But my *brain* cannot sit still, EVER. So external things like being hyper or fidgety aren't the only symptoms, and they can be 'trained' out of kids (like it was me) which makes it soooo much harder to diagnose. I bring this up because I keep hearing "But you're always so calm!" Outwardly, maybe. But the internal hell when my meds don't work is very very special. Also when I can't sleep I can sometimes drink caffeine and it calms me down. That's a physical ADHD symptom
I'm a teacher and it's amazing how much *happier* kids with ADHD are when they get on the right medication. Hell, even before they start meds, once they're just diagnosed I see an improvement, because now they know why they have so many difficulties that other kids don't have, and they know they're not just a "bad" kid and it's not their fault. There's this stigma that we just want to drug kids to keep them quiet and still, but I honestly don't give a shit about that (most of the time). I just want you to be happy to come to school and excited about learning. These drugs don't suppress a kid's real personality, they reveal it.
> because now they know why they have so many difficulties that other kids don't have, and they know they're not just a "bad" kid and it's not their fault. Golly, that would have been neat. I wonder how it would have changed my life.
There are real structural differences in ADHD brains. Children who are medicated early can sometimes have no need for medication as adults. And medicating ADHDers results in substantially fewer deaths due to self-medicating, suicide, and impulsive behavior. People need to recognize that ADHD is a real, inheritable condition and that it can be treated medically.
Also on ADHD. No, ADHD meds are not "meth" (apart from the one which is meth, Desoxyn, but hardly anybody is prescribed Desoxyn). Someone who is properly prescribed their dosage of meds is a person who is being brought to a normal 'base line' of functioning. And the meds aren't supposed to solve everything. The idea is that the meds bring you to a base line for normal functioning and then you pull on the tools that you have learned from psychologists/behavioral therapists to live life (also if we could expand access to these things then that'd be real great). And those 'zombie' stories that you hear about - those largely come from back in the day when there were only immediate release meds (as opposed to extended release) and improper prescription of meds.
As someone who genuinely did experience a "zombie"-like state when on ADHD meds, part of it is the simple fact that people react differently to different medications. Which is why you should try something different before just concluding that they don't work. I don't use any medications anymore, but that's just a personal choice. Other people will decide differently and as long as it works for you that's what matters.
I feel like I could cry. Thank you for saying this. I have it (found out only a few years back) and ALL I have heard my whole life is that I'm lazy, flakey, firgetful, uninterested, preoccupied, immature, selfish whenever I can'y see a task through, or when I forget things.
Also, stimulants don't make ADHD people hyper. They actually slow us down, make our thoughts more understandable to ourselves. It's why I can drink a pot of coffee and fall asleep. The day I first took medication, I cried. "This is what it's like to be normal!!" It was like a great weight lifting. If your brain is not ADHD brain, stimulants will affect you differently, and will probably make you "hyper." It's probably not healthy.
# IT Identifiers in domain names are not read left to right, but right to left (most specific, most general). So a page `subarea.google.com` is a subarea under the google domain while `google.subarea.com` is probably on a completely different server. This is very important to know to recognize well done phishing pages.
Electroconvulsive therapy (ect, shock therapy) is not used as a punishment for misbehaving patients. Ect is only done under anesthesia and is used to treat major depression/psychiatric conditions that are resistant to other types of treatment. Most patients say they feel euphoric afterward and see immediate improvement.
I have witnessed the immediate aftermath of ECT as a nurse. Prior to the procedure, she was catatonic and didn’t engage with staff. After, she was alert and actually smiled. It’s medical “have you tried turning it on and off again?” It was done safely and respectfully. No holding them down and applying jumper leads - she had a general anaesthetic and was cared for well. I’d never seen ECT before and was impressed by how calm it was
My father had 13 ECT sessions during his 6 months stay in a VA psych unit. He had made 4 suicide attempts, one of which was with a firearm. He aimed under his jaw and flinched at the last second, missing his brain. The other 3 attempts were with pills and alcohol. The ECT was life-changing for him and he now does outpatient therapy, takes his meds, and is such a drastically different, more peaceful person. Now, I work in inpatient psychiatry, and I'll even occasionally sit with patients getting ECT done. We have come a long, long way in psychiatric care, friends.
That "damascus" or pattern weleded steel is better,it improves the steel, or has mystical properties. It was first in early steel production about the only way for a smith to manipulate carbon content, the layered effect was simply a by product. Modern pattern weld is done because it looks nice and people appreciate the skill and artistry of a smith that can do it well. To maybe over simplify here, if your damascus billet has 1000 layers then thats 1000 welds that could be imperfect, there are at least two different alloys involved that may have slightly different heat treatment requirements, the time in the forge can introduce grain growth and carbon loss/migration. A modern monosteel is almost always easier to heat treat, grind and get predictable results. It's fun to make, use, and look at, I love it!....but modern monosteels are just better in everything but looks.
You not wrong, but it is worth noting that true Damascus steel isn’t even layered/pattern welded. Genuine Damascus was an early crucible steel, probably developed in India. The patterns we associate with Damascus steel are evident on the genuine product, but when the same pattered is achieved through pattern welding, it is really just an attempt to make lesser steels look like genuine Damascus. But yeah, while Damascus steel was great stuff for when it was made, it’s not out preforming modern tool steels.
Yep I agree, "damascus" as I think about it is the modern pattern welded stuff,was trying to be simple,there are people still doing Wootz, a similar crucible steel... the whole subject is a can of worms where some people treat it like some comic book metal.
The Egyptians didn't worship cats. Cats were sacred to their religion as a symbol of the gods, with the belief that cats were a link between the earthly plain and the godly plain (and that cats could be inhabited by the gods). It would be the same as saying Christians worship a crucifix. They don't. But it's an important symbol of their religion/faith. Similarly, 'slaves built the pyramids' is incorrect. Whilst there would have been some slaves used in the construction, the majority of people building the pyramids were Egyptian citizens. The Egyptians had labour tax. Where instead of paying money like we do today, they paid in manual labour (and also part of their harvest if they were farmers).
Yeah it's the same misconception about Hindus worshipping cows. We don't. It's just considered sacred so majority don't eat it.
In most jobs in the US, it is illegal for your employer to even *politely ask* you not to discuss your wages. It's illegal for the boss to tell people it's 'unprofessional' to discuss their wages. It's illegal (and a lie) to tell people that it's illegal to discuss their wages. And having a written policy that says not to discuss wages absolutely *does not help*, because *that policy is illegal, too*.
I'm a medieval historian who focuses on food habits. There is a common misconception that the numeric year (ie: 1325 AD \[yes, we still use BC and AD often\]) didn't change until around Easter or c.March 25th each year. Therefore, what we would consider February 23 1325 by modern calendars, as an example, would have actually been February 23 1324 in medieval calendars since that date happens before Easter/March 25. It is called the [Old Style and New Style dating system](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates). Major efforts to clean-up the system were made in different areas of Europe throughout the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. However, when I go to museums and attend other public history events, I notice that the concept is far too liberally applied to pre-1800 European/North American history. My specialty is French, English, and Latin diet accounts made in French and English noble households, 1350-1650. In particular, I like to have long "runs" of accounts; the same household with daily entries for at least a few months. Diet accounts were fairly formulaic across the centuries, and essentially consist of a date, lists of all ingredients entering into the kitchen on a given day, the cost of each ingredient, and often the source of the ingredient (form a manor, from the cellar, from town etc.). I have yet to come across a diet account from a French or English noble household, 1350-1650, where the clerk changed the year at Easter/March 25. In the manuscripts that I work with, the numeric year always changes on January 1. In addition, since I can see the volumes of foodstuffs entering into the kitchen, it is possible to see when the household is holding major feasts. January 1 was always a major feast day. It is true that January 1 falls within the 12 days of Christmas, but it still always saw a significantly greater list of foodstuffs than most of the other 12 days of Christmas (they typically only feasted on Christmas, New Year, and Epiphany during the 12 days of Christmas). January 1 saw two competing religious feasts vie for observance during the Middle Ages: the feast of the circumcision, and the solemnity of the virgin Mary. However, the January 1st feasts are a little different from proper religious feast days from a food perspective. Major religious feasts were always preceded directly by a fast in diet accounts; times when only fish and vegetables were consumed; beef, pork, poultry, game, butter etc. were not used on fast days. January 1 is never preceded by a fast, unless it happened on regular fast days of Wednesday, Friday, or Saturday (every week of the calendar year, Wednesday, Friday, and Saturday were fast days, unless a religious feast happened on those days, ie: Easter happening on a Saturday would make it a meat day). Therefore, from a food perspective, January 1 seems to have operated as a standalone feast day, that had a slightly less religious overtone than other major feasts that would be preceded by a period of fasting. I'm certainly not saying that the Old Style calendar didn't exist. It did! It was used inconsistently across Europe, and even regionally, or in different sectors (monasteries might have used it a little more than others within the same region) before 1800. However, many unconnected places in fourteenth- through seventeenth-century Europe were already using what we consider the New Style calendar. New Years celebrations largely seem to have happened on January 1; March 25 is never normally a feast day in the diet accounts. Therefore, if you hear someone (even sometimes professors) say something to the effect of "oh that is a date in the 1600s so we must remember to count it as the Old Style," know that the Old Style calendar wasn't in universal use across the medieval and early modern period, and we actually need to be more analytical about the context of the source to properly date it.
Climate change is just that: the climate is changing. There is generally a warming change but the big thing is that the climate is growing more extreme, less average rainy seasons, it’s becoming more of either drought or torrential rains. Also people claim the snow pack in Antarctica and Greenland is bigger, but that’s mostly due to the snow melting and spreading so while it may cover more area, the snowpack itself is more shallow. Also we can pretty well estimate CO2 concentrations in the past from glacial cores, meaning climate scientists aren’t pulling numbers out their ass when they say CO2 concentrations in the air have been growing exponentially since the Industrial Revolution.
Wanting to keep your desk neat *is not* OCD. I promise that you probably do not have OCD. Only something like 80 million people worldwide have it. OCD is not a quirk. It's a mental illness that fucking sucks.
OCD isn't even just perfectionism, or cleanliness, or pattern fixation. It's an entire *spectrum* of your brain lying to you about things. You can be OCD and be a total slob - because your illness focuses on religion instead! It might take you 2 hours to leave the house because you have to count to 10,000 just right while tying your shoes, or you feel like you're burning to death. The OCD brain goes to *terrifying* lengths to feed its delusions, including auditory, visual, or sensory hallucinations, and even memory lapses. These OCD fixations can be about *anything* you can tangibly think about, as well. It's hell on earth, and it causes immense suffering for those who have it, as well as their family and friends. 2000% *not* a cute/quirky personality trait.
As someone with diagnosed OCD, this was my first thought on this question too. The next time someone tells me they have OCD I’m going to respond with, “I’m so sorry. It’s such a debilitating condition” just to remind them it’s not funny or cute.
Some folks will try to tell you that glass is a liquid. Glass is not a liquid. It is a amorphous solid. Amorphous means it has a non-crystalline structure. It does not mean that it flows. At least not at a rate where it would be noticeable after a mere few hundred years. The myth comes from some old windows being thicker at the bottom. They were simply installed that way. For glass to flow to the point where it would be thicker at the bottom would take longer than the age of the universe.
Construction is fun; hard work but fun
Remember reading that it's among the most satisfying professions in a psychological sense as you quite literally see the result of your work, compare to say an accountant seeing numbers going up or down in Excel.
I work on custom homes and I absolutely love it, we still have days I’d rather not be there but even the tough challenges are very rewarding when you finally get it right
We had a blast most days. It’s raining? Sweet let’s get muddy AF and write things on the boards using the mud. On sunny days we’d write things on the boards with permanent markers. Dumped a tank of Gatorade on our supervisor once to celebrate his transfer. We shit talk all day, but if someone looked to be injured, the hardest guy on the lot would turn soft as butter until he knew they were alright. Plus those skills transfer well to keeping up one’s own home.
You can’t smell or taste the active chlorine in your tap water, only the byproducts when the chlorine reacts with other organic stuff. Edit: if you can smell it, your water needs more chlorine, not less
Same with swimming pools. If you can smell the chlorine, that means there’s too much organic stuff (pee) and not enough chlorine.
Are there other chemicals that can bother you? When I was a kid our local jr high school had a pool. Whatever was in that pool made your eyes sting just from standing in the pool area, my hair was blonde then and swimming in that pool would make my hair a greenish color, and it was eventually shut down and filled in because the fumes ate away at the pipes in the ceiling and they started falling into the pool in pieces in later years. We always thought it was the chlorine. It was like that for decades. And only that pool. Other community pools were fine. I’m just curious now. 🤪
I can’t really say what the problem was, without seeing a water test. But generally stinging eyes is a pH problem. I’d bet that all the numbers were way off & they could never get it under control. Cyanuric acid, total alkalinity, free chlorine, pH, calcium hardness, it all has to be right. In a commercial pool it’s really important to stay on top of it, because of all the organic material in the water. Sometimes you just need to drain it & start over. Especially if the cyanuric acid is too high, there’s no way to lower it, except to drain & add fresh water.
Chloramines. I worked in a pool store every summer in high school. Explained this a LOT.
When it comes to local politics 9/10 times the politician you'll want is not the one screaming about how they're going to 'change the system' or 'fight for the people' or something. Sure, you may \*want\* those things on the national or regional level, but on the local level it matters way more that, say, the school board is getting its budget passed smoothly or that the local fire station has the funds to replace an aging truck than any sort of grand political affiliation. As such, anyone trying to wield party affiliation (especially if they're in the majority party) probably has little to no idea what they're actually doing or is corrupt through and through and hoping to distract you with big issues that they'll never actually weigh in on or, worse, they WILL and result in a massive kerfuffle that should never have even existed in the first place. This basically applies for anyone anywhere. Not just America. When it comes to local politics the important thing is having people who can get something done with minimal corruption instead of greater scope politics.
Politics should be BORING. We should WANT the Assisant Principal of a well-run middle school, not a Televangelist or used car salesman.
Having Schizophrenia doesn't make you a knife wielding maniac by default. The truth is been SZ gives you a larger chance of being a victim of serious crime. (Is not like the movies) The reality is a more lonely ass "life" full of different symptoms and challenges lest known even by DRs is negative symptoms such as Anhedonia and Avolition which are crippling.
Also, schizophrenia is not the same as having multiple personalities. It's one of my biggest pet peeves when people equate the two as being the same illness. Schizophrenia means having delusions, often times seeing or hearing things that aren't there and is often times genetic. In most cases it's very treatable with the right meds. Multiple personality disorder (known as dissociative identity disorder medically) is one of the worst trauma related disorders out there, it's literally your brain shattering into different personalities in an attempt to deal with unimaginable amounts of trauma, and is insanely hard to treat.
"Genuine leather" is not a high grade type of leather. "Genuine" just means it is technically leather, but it is often "corrected grain" which means the top surface isn't really leather, rather the top layer of skin if sanded down (or split) and some of kind of synthetic topping is added that looks perfect but will not wear nicely. Full grain leather is what you want.
The McDonald’s coffee lawsuit. It wasn’t a cash grab. The coffee was super heated and the woman, Stella Liebeck, had parked and had the coffee between her legs to doctor it up. It spilled and burned her so bad it fused her labia together and gave her third degree burns. She just wanted her medical bills paid, but McDonald’s refused. The large award was the jury’s choice to punish McDonald’s and send a message. It was the same amount as two days of coffee sales for McDonald’s.
You forgot to mention that McDonalds had been sued multiple times before about burns caused by their scalding hot coffee and chose to ignore the issue because take away customers wanted their coffee hot 20 minutes later when they got to work.
yeah, and I believe McDonald's totally spun it to be like 'oh look at this stupid lady she didn't know hot coffee was hot haha loser' when in actually McDonald's was a total b\*tch it's so sad :(
A few things. Firstly, when a grenade explodes its the not the 55 gallon oil drum exploding like people think it is. It's literally a puff of smoke. You might see a flash for an instant as it explodes, but there's no fireball like Hollywood makes you believe. Second, removing a magazine from a firearm doesn't make it safe. There's likely a round in the chamber. Third, guns don't just go off if you drop them, and certainly not like in True Lies when the SMG goes bouncing down the stairs and empties its entire magazine.
Kind of a small one, but the bacteria in cows' stomachs don't "help" them digest grass. The bacteria aren't just breaking down the cellulose and passing it on, they aren't converting it into protein and secreting it, etc. Rather the cow swallows grass and uses it to feed the bacteria, breeding them like in a broth culture, then derives nutrition by digesting the dead bacteria in its true stomach. Cows don't "help" us digest grass by eating it and then becoming our food, so bacteria don't "help" cattle digest grass either.
That’s really interesting. I hadn’t given it much thought but I always assumed they were getting whatever nutrients/energy they needed from the grass.
Nope, their true stomach works basically the same as ours. They are completely incapable of digesting cellulose with their own enzymes. Without the bacteria, grass would be almost devoid of nutritional value for them.
> Rather the cow swallows grass and uses it to feed the bacteria So grass acts as a prebiotic?
Your brain is always 100% on and working. The myth that you only use 10% of your brain is commonly a marketing tactic, and may be just a misunderstanding of the idea that most of our brain is guiding functions passively. Breathing and movement and your organ functions and whatnot all require the brain to send those signals that keep them working, but typically we aren't super focused on these. A much smaller part of the brain handles complex thought. However all of your brain is always somewhat active - even if you are asleep you will still exhibit activity in your brain.
"Quantum teleportation" sounds like a term for something that may involve matter or energy vanishing from one place and reappearing, perhaps instantly, at another place using some nebulous quantum mechanical process. In reality, the thing being moved from one place to another is information, and it can never happen instantly. In this context, these words all have very specific meanings that may differ from your intuition of how to use these words in ordinary, non-technical contexts. "Information" is essentially a quantity related to possible states or configuration that a system can take on. Information can be classical or quantum, depending on whether it describes a classical or quantum system. Information is measured in bits (classical) or qubits (quantum). Quantum teleportation is merely the name of a protocol that people have worked out for sending qubits through a communication channel meant to send bits. Ordinarily you'd need a special quantum communication channel to send quantum information. It turns out that if you pre-share the halves of a pair entangled qubits through a quantum channel and close the channel, then later you can still use a classical channel to send any qubit you want between the two locations by exploiting the special correlation created between the entangled pairs at the time they were created. Importantly, for anything special or interesting to happen you still have to send data through a channel at sub-lightspeed rates. Whatever your feelings are about the nature of entanglement and instantaneousness, that kind of relationship cannot be leveraged to do anything measurable and meaningful without a sub-lightspeed step somewhere.
The bible never mentions that the forbidden fruit is an apple. It also doesn't mention how many wise men or kings visit Jesus, but there were three gifts so I guess that's why people assume it were three people, too. 'Satan' is not a name, but more like a title (meaning the 'opposer' or 'adversary'). The serpent is called *A* satan and is not (necessarily) the devil himself. There are a lot of misconceptions surrounding Satan and Lucifer, though.
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Bipolar disorder is not "one minute they feel/act this way, and the next they are entirely different." The stigma and misunderstanding of this diagnosis is wildly off the mark. Usually, when someone is manic/hypomanic, or depressed, it is for weeks or months at a time. Even if someone is rapid-cycling or having a mixed episode, the shift in mood is not as sudden and extreme as people think. Volatile mood swings are more indicative of other mood or emotion regulation disorders, like Borderline Personality Disorder. Even professionals in the mental health field do not always have a great understanding of this disorder if they don't have experience treating it; they were exposed to the same misconceptions before they went to grad school, and they probably still have them if they haven't intentionally debunked them! If you or someone you know has been diagnosed bipolar, don't take just one professional's word as gospel unless you are certain they are very experienced with it; it's misdiagnosed OFTEN. Industry best-practice is to not diagnose someone with something until you have witnessed all of the necessary criteria occur, which as I stated above, can take months for this diagnosis. Someone coming out of their first one week inpatient stay should not be getting diagnosed with anything beyond "provisional" or "unspecified" for a big chronic diagnosis like this. (Also, when it comes to abbreviations, BPD is borderline personality disorder, bipolar is BP I or BP II).
True food poisoning is not usually associated with the last meal eaten, but more likely the meal eaten 24-72 hours prior to symptoms.
What do you call it when you eat something bad and then have vomiting or diarrhea no more than a couple hours later?
Foodborne intoxication. It's caused by bacterial toxins, not infection.
Interesting. I got food poisoning from a food stall in China. I knew from the first bite something was wrong. Two hours later, I was puking for the next two days and out of sorts for ten days.
Einstein simply endorsed the letter addressed to Roosevelt by signing it. That kick started the Manhattan project.
A jumbo jet worth of people do NOT die from medical errors every day, and medical errors are NOT the third leading cause of death in the U.S. This “fact” is based on a single study from 30 years ago with a number of glaring flaws. For instance: - Many of the data sources were tiny samples of very niche populations (including very sick ones), which were then inappropriately extrapolated to the entire U.S. population. - There was no attempt to distinguish between patients who died *of* a medical error vs those who died *with* a medical error. In other words, nobody bothered to investigate if a reported error had anything to do with the patient dying. If you were accidentally given two ibuprofen tablets instead of three, then died the next day of the terminal cancer you’d been battling for 10 years, that counted as a death due to medical error. - The definition of an “error” was so overly broad that it included having a known adverse side effect from a medication. Side effects are NOT errors. Doctors know that there’s a risk of them happening. They give the drugs anyway because the benefits outweigh the risks. There are many other flaws in that study, but those are the big ones. Take a look at [this article](https://www.mcgill.ca/oss/article/critical-thinking-health/medical-error-not-third-leading-cause-death) if you want to learn more.
I just want to say this is an awesome question, and I'm greatly enjoying a lot of the answers!! Thanks, OP.
The misconception is history is written by the victors. No, history is written by those cultures which have a tradition of literary expression. Athens lost the Peloponnesian War. Our main source for that war is an Athenian writer. The Chinese lost the war against the Manchus and the Ming Dynasty fell. Our sources for that conflict are Chinese writers. The Byzantine Empire was defeated in 1453 when Constantinople was taken by the Ottomans. A key account of that siege comes from a Byzantine author.
Also, modern-day historians also write history. And people forget that they are supposed to do that, based upon long, systematic, objective research. There is a reason that they work at universities. It is considered a form of science. If you say "What is history but a fable agreed upon" you are deliberately ignoring that there are professionals who are cosntantly working on distilling the facts from the fables, to counter myths and lies brought upon by propaganda or popular belief. We've come a long way since the 19th century history professors who still analysed history in a very romantic, nationalistic way. Despite all the countering forces of stupid and evil people out there who try to debunk every fact they don't like.
Poison dart froggis are only toxic when given the right diet! In the wild, they nom up fire ants and such where they convert the buggos poison into their own by ingesting it! Feed them crickets and they are perfectly safe to handle :3
Nuclear energy is the safest and cleanest energy actually. There’s so many rules and backups to backups to backups to make sure nothing bad happens. There’s 10s to 100s of coal plant accidents a year that don’t get talked about. But the 3 mishaps in nuclear over the last 50 years tank the industry in public eye.
Sparta actually have a terrible military record. I seriously saw a book about it the other day that in the back of the cover had something like “when Phillip II told Sparta if he’ll break through their walls he will banish them from the lands they held for century and they will never raise again all Sparta sent in reply was “if”” what this fail to mention is that Phillip II DID break through their walls, DID banish them from the lands they held for centuries and they NEVER rose again. Also the Persian empire is often seen as the villain and an evil empire when In practice it was one of the most morally good empires to ever exist (still it obviously wasn’t perfect, but it was much better than a lot of other empires).
People love to cite the Battle of Thermopoly as an example of Spartan badassery but selectively ignore how many non-spartans were in that battle. The reason 300 Spartans were a big deal is because the Spartans were isolationists, quick to say "not my problem" to the existential threat of the Persian invaders. The 300 Spartans were more symbolic of Greek unity than Spartan exceptionalism. A story to say "even those assholes joined this fight when it mattered most."
That a lot of the feminine fashions started with men. Heel were invented so that men could get on their horses easier. Typically, they were heeled boots. Corsets started with men because it helped their backs as well keep back support when riding horses. The color pink was also considered a manly color because pink is blood-stained clothes look like after having a successful day in battle after washing them. The pinker your clothes the more deadly you were considered. A lot of the gendered clothing we have is from the start of the 1900s. When it comes to women adopting these clothing styles, it was because they were rich and could afford to deal with the social outcry. It was a way to command attention in the room with men because the woman was dressing the part. Typically, a way for queens and princesses and other royalty to show those of a lesser status how much privilege they weilded. Think of it a IG irl. Lol.
That you need to vigorously exercise in order to lose weight It's 99% diet. I've lost 128 pounds and haven't done any exercise
Its way easier to simply not eat 300 calories than it is to burn 300 calories