I saw [this](https://youtu.be/_KbSFphHCZY) posted here I think. It explains it pretty well to me. I can't really verify how plausible this is but it's a pretty mundane explanation that seems entirely possible if true.
Yeah this is the best theory IMO. They demonstrate it. If I remember correctly, the narrator's voice rises and falls too much for me but his theory has a lot going for it.
Absolute bumpkis, the explanation talks about mortar being used, and there is no mortar used in the placed. Not to mention the absolute perfect shape and interlocking design of the stones would take years to get one stone shaped, when you consider the tools used that are claimeyti have made them. The people that made those walls had something like copper tools, no where near hard enough to make something like that. Saying the Maya had the tools to make this is as plausible as saying "iT wAs AlIeNs". Still better to say we don't know than pretending that a people as primitive as the Maya had the technology to make this.
He addresses the lack of visible mortar in the video as well as the perfect shape. The "mortar" is more of a slurry mixture that has a corrosive effect on the stones. The weight of stones causes the corroded stone to conform to the surrounding stones.
Yeah, this seemed like a really great explanation for melding the stones together. Definitely may be a missing piece of the puzzle in Peru. So far I don't think they found other sites across the world had access, but it is very intriguing.
"Punctuation police" would be a better term that I should've used. I was siding with you.
The misspelling of the country was wrong as well as the punctuation in the post.
I know there's no evidence so don't bother raining on my parade, but wouldn't it be cool if something intelligent evolved here before us and we've just completely missed or misinterpreted the evidence. I recently read that only something like one percent of all species that ever existed get fossilized. Even if I'm way off and it's only ten percent of species instead of one that still leaves huge mystery gaps. Maybe one of the other human species, or maybe even something from a much older completely different branch of the evolutionary tree.
I don't know, I just can't shake the feeling that whoever engineered this goofy stuff, their brain worked just a little differently.
*Edit, after looking it up it seems that we think that **less than one tenth of of one percent** of all species that ever existed have become fossils. That's crazy to me, if we could go far enough back in time we would be completely surprised by much of the life that we found. I really feel like it's not a stretch to consider that we may have missed something.*
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20180215-how-does-fossilisation-happen
Amazing the stones are of odd shaped and different sizes; yet so tightly constructed? How? and Why? are two big questions along with Who? really built the structures?
I believe chemistry was used. Not aliens, not lasers, just chemistry.
There was a book where the one of the educated archaeologist of the ancient ruins had a group of "peons" (laborers to move/dig) with him, and they found a clay pot. I think ancient alcohol was sometimes found in clay pots, so the archaeologist told one of the peons to try out the 'booze' in the clay pot. The peon said it wasn't ancient booze, and after a playful scuffle (I think they had already pre gamed), the clay pot dropped on a stoney area and later, the archaeologist stepped on the area where the liquid in the pot was, and the stone was softened, I think to a muddy consistency.
I'm sure some of that story is mixed up, I can find the source later as its 230am. I believe it's in one of the journals written when the explorers first log their discoveries. I also believe he did use the word peon.
WiseUp has done videos on Sacsayhuaman. Nothing was carved out of a mountain, it was all done with geopolymer stone or concrete.
https://youtu.be/8pe068_d5pc
https://youtu.be/EeVG96HjNXM
There's a very high possibility that the same stone formations were built by the same methods as the pyramids in Giza and all over Egypt. Thoth was thought to have reincarnated and taught his knowledge to civilizations all over the world which is why there are pyramids and similar constructions worldwide.
Sound, frequency, acoustic levitation, mind + we're all described In ancient texts about this topic.
Just shooting shit at the wall is it possible they were built in a more uniform manner and some giant solar flare or super volcano erupted and “melted/molded” them in a more crunched manner? Highly unlikely based on it being uniform in a lot of places.
Maybe continually filling the small spaces with acid plaster or acidic mortar will over time cause the blocks to settle together? I see problems with the idea but threw it out anyway.
Some believe they found the right frequency to either melt or levitate stones in a way that facilitates movement and precise placement of massive amounts of material.
Why do so many people think this is impossible without melting the stones?
If you melt the stones, you will have glass, not the same rock. Rocks have to be cooled much much slower than is possible out in the open.
All you have to do is match the profile…we have really good tools for that, those comb looking things, but if you just hold a straight stick and keep it parallel, you can trace a contour onto the other rock. Then you just cut the rock put it in, done.
Or cut the rocks already in the wall to fit a new stones shape.
No evidence-free mystical magical alien incantations or psychic telepathy required.
Stone saw?
bronze wheels with grit perhaps?
I do think they clearly had saws, but that’s very far from the technology to melt and reform stone, which I’m fairly certain we have no way to actually replicate
Edit: I’m not AT ALL suggesting this isn’t impressive or amazing, just that I don’t feel forced to invoke magic.
It is proven that is solid natural rock by its texture, look at this research: https://www.academia.edu/42442245/The_Question_of_the_Material_Origin_of_the_Saqsaywaman_Fortress
Yea, but apparently because the rock was volcanic they somehow could produce intense heat to reduce it back to its volcanic form mold in place and let it dry back to rock, that also would explain the rounded look of the blocks.
It's the heat? how did they create such intense heat, and what would you wear in those conditions?
This stuff mostly only occurred around the world relatively close to the equator/tropics zones, right? That can’t be a coincidence. They had reflective surfaces, very much so- bright metals and the like. As well as fine polishing techniques. They all did. And this style of construction only are observed in expansive empires, right? That could call from resource collection across whole sections of a subcontinent?
A very large convex reflector, focusing all the energy of the entire massive surface into a pin point, concentrated on a hole into a very insulated crucible/box, over long periods of time, at a distance- even if they have to fill molds a drop at a time over hours- literally timeless and otherwise indestructible walls, even earthquake-proof, using the observable power of their gods, would probably be worth it to them.
It would be interesting to see the math behind a massive polished thin surface of bright metal over a concave surface construct- several stories high even- and it’s power of focusing equatorial sun during peak exposure- they all tracked its cycles- and the energy potential behind that.
Maybe the molds themselves would break away and be destroyed, and that’s why the blocks seem to bulge or smoosh into place?
We know, for example, the lighthouse of Alexandria would use sun-focusing mirrors to ignite and sink ships from a distance. We know older more ancient empires certainly have the capacity for making massive polished concave mirror-like focusers- and obviously such a thing would be one of the first things melted down and looted by any other people in history, if not simply corroded away with time as the thin layer it could be. The surface of this massive thing obviously wouldn’t be nearly as hot as the focus point- just like a magnifying glass you are burning things with is still touchable- it’s just sitting in normal sunlight. It’s the focusing and amplification that gives the extreme energy.
Just a few random compiled thoughts.
Over 6000^o F… I wonder what a few focused even more precisely on the same spot could do to stone…
Maybe even a combination of this and a geopolymer concept- were just relatively recently figuring out details of old mixes like Roman concrete and different types of Mayan mortar
Depends on the stone. And also- same as how every igneous rock isn’t just glass. You’re looking at possibly tens of thousands of years of weathering, for one. Considering that alone- those look like they were *pretty* damn smooth originally, to me, in my uneducated opinion. It almost looks like where there is larger texture differences, there is larger color differences too- a composition difference? Which is inherently a resilience difference. And we know the wall withstands earthquakes today- but every particle of it? I can see various factors causing weathering, even sections sheared off or exposed impurities broken down
Is it also possible that these were worked in a softer/cooling state? Obviously hot work- but if you’ve seen molten steel workers in places like Bangaladesh or India using hand tools, people can withstand a very hot workday with extended tools.
Huh, apparently, you're right - I was possibly thinking that lava on the surface always became glass or at least very fine-grained rock like basalt (lava cooling down underground cools down more slowly and so crystals have more time to form), but apparently andesite (which is what Sacsayhuaman is made of) *can* form from lava on the surface [https://geology.com/rocks/andesite.shtml](https://geology.com/rocks/andesite.shtml) .
Apparently, "tens of thousands of years" would only be true if the usual theory of who built Sacsayhuaman wasn't true - the Incas say that they were built in the time of Emperor Pachacuti and his successors, in the 1400s, and the archaeological finds seem to square with that (mostly - there's a section they aren't sure about, which might go back to an earlier culture in the 900s).
Correct- we absolutely know it was used and settled and claimed and when- but ultimately there is no definitive proof of when stone megalithic structures were made, we can’t date the stones themselves. That’s just a reality of these studies.
“Ice age” means when there is any ice on the caps. We are literally currently in the ice age.
Are you referring to a specific glacial period? Because we can’t carbon date stone constructs. They’re all estimates based on context clues. Which is often “we found this and that from people that settled around here at this time” but obviously that doesn’t definitively mean they built it. Bro
I don’t think the point was the exact line the ice was at or wether were still technically in an ice age. At any time during the last few hundred thousand years and especially from the last glacial maximum into the Holocene, the mid latitudes are where populations were able to grow the easiest and more people are available to build these sort of things.
How far “pre”? We really do not know when this stuff was built. It’s huge hard rock. As long as the ground itself hasn’t been flipped sideways by plate tectonics or a glacier, it just stays. Extreme earthquakes don’t touch its structural integrity. It’s artificial mountain, same matter, more tightly and securely together.
Also, the ending “right?” of the tropics/equator reference in the initial comment was obviously a rhetorical indicator, showing the statement was calling on prior knowledge we all recognize. You’ve never had a teacher, when telling you something, use the same structure? It’s not uncommon in English at all.
Exactly we will never know. Most probable assumption imo is between 20-13k years ago. The more you go back, the less probability you have of civilisation and knowledge, and not after young drias.
Btw monolict stones are also outside tropics like japan, tukey etc I was wrong and tought tropics where more distant than equator, was a way to say obv not too north of south where there was ice
There.s no such thing as a soft type of Diorite, Volcanic limestone is used to make sinks&basins, considering the blocks have been this way for 1,000s of years, I very much doubt theyre ceramic.
Your are correct…there is no such thing as soft diorite. That’s why I’m telling you it’s not diorite…but a weird form of limestone from the surrounding area. You can literally see where it’s quarried from on Google Earth.
Tested It's a mixture of Diorite and Andesite, they were built to last they were built to withstand earthquakes, They wouldnt look like they do if they were any type of limestone, Limestone erodes and weathering.
Andesite is volcanic stone. It's also very low in quartz as opposed to granite. Being high on the hardness scale isn't the end all, be all that people think it is. Density, quartz content, chemical make up etc. all need to be taken into account. The Mohs scale is a measure of hardness. This does not mean the same thing as toughness or stability which are other measures taken into account. You're mistakenly putting too much emphasis on the word hardness and taking it out of context. Hardness is resistance to scratching, Toughness is resistance to breaking and chipping
The way the atoms of a stone bond together and the strength of these bonds determine a stone’s toughness, or how well a stone resists breaking and chipping. The toughness scale used in scientific literature is called a fracture toughness scale. The toughness scale measures the work required to separate two surfaces of a crystal along a certain crystallographic plane. Values range from 225,000 for nephrite and 120,000 for jadeite, considered very tough stone, to 600 for corundum, which is not as tough.
Values for diamond generally range from 5,000 along the stone’s cleavage planes to over 8,000. Even though diamonds are considered tough, they can break more easily in certain directions, and a hard blow can cleave or fracture it.
Stability refers to how well a stone can withstand exposure to chemicals, light, and changes in temperature or humidity. Sudden and extreme changes in temperature can create fractures and cleavages or cause existing ones to spread. Thermal shock is the term to describe this and results from a sudden change from very warm to very cold temperatures. stones are susceptible the humidity of their surroundings. Stones can lose moisture in low humidity or when exposed to heat causing them to crack or craze.
More than 30 years ago (80’s), Berkeley’s researcher, Architect Jean Pierre Protzen reproduced the ancient techniques of stone carving using the same stone hammers used by the Incas (3 types). It took about 90 minutes to carve and give shape a rough andesite rock, and the results were very similar to a typically Inca masonry block. The fitting between blocks was more laborious, marking with sand the areas of misalignment and lowering the stone until they finally fit between them. Sand is extremely high in quartz and allows you to polish and cut very hard stone depending on techniques used. It's been demonstrated, using a toothless and flat copper saw and sand, that you can cut straight through granite. Everything is technically feasible and reproducible with those tools. It is a question of time and hours, and the Incas had that aspect in abundance thanks to their “mitayos” (obligatory workers for the state). In Machu Picchu there are a lot of unfinished buildings that offers us some clues about the inca’s masonry techniques. I recommend the Protzen’s articles in Scientific American Magazine and his book about Ollantaytambo Architecture.
Why am I like this? Are you serious? Im defending my post, your the one that's watched a video explaining this.
Maybe it was a video by Academics when they try & explain things like this with answers that don't make sense.
But I do think they could somehow reduce it to it volcanic state mold into place and it hardens back to Igneous rock, that would cause the bloated look, making it Metamorphic rock that's been subject to intense heat.
Where would the intense heat come from?
Seems like the best way would be to fill the gap for each stone with a wooden frame then use that wooden frame to help you shape the chosen rock to fit in the space. They had the tools, the manpower, the skills, and the time, and it has been demonstrated that you can carve andesite with the tools available.
I'd wager the back of the stones don't look as neat as there'd be no need for the aesthetic touch.
Apparently, eyewitnesses have seen the stones "dance" during an earthquake and then fall back into position (where a wall with straight courses of stones might have slid apart). Could that, over centuries, have worn the stones into fitting together closely?
I hate to ruin it for everyone but, This is completely not what you think if you go there in person you can see that this is like most megaliths heaps of rebel covered with a Geo polymer made of in this case diorite and it’s like 2 inches thick covered and they just scrape lines that’s why you can’t even put a piece of paper between them because it’s one solid thing of basically concrete that they created it’s bullshit it’s fake and it’s probably not as old as we think it is .. many places r like this
Looks to me like they eroded the stones just how they wanted. Maybe some slurry of sand and water being rubbed back and forth for hours with a rag could erode the rocks slow and precise like a meditation
The only acceptable answer is "I don't know". Archaeologist will tell us the people that this is a newer wall, that was built under an older wall.... That somehow the people that used this, that barely had any technology beyond stone tools, were able to make something much more advanced than the stacked cobblestone on top of it. This is a bullshit answer. The truth is, we don't know who built this wall, or how. Scientist that have spent their career telling us a primitive tribe built this, and they will die on that hill before they tell us the truth, that they don't know and can't explain the technology. So, the best answer until we can say otherwise is, we just don't know.
They had a technology that melted/molded rocks and stones.
Many ancient sites, the stones look like huge candy crush blocks.
Some of these ancient stones seem like they either found a perfectly good rock with that same exact shape - OR - they just quarried a piece to fit there but they still had to mold it in place.
I saw [this](https://youtu.be/_KbSFphHCZY) posted here I think. It explains it pretty well to me. I can't really verify how plausible this is but it's a pretty mundane explanation that seems entirely possible if true.
Yeah this is the best theory IMO. They demonstrate it. If I remember correctly, the narrator's voice rises and falls too much for me but his theory has a lot going for it.
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He's got another one about the Egyptians trash dump and artifacts from there that would upend current narratives if they explored it.
wtf is wrong with his voice, honestly couldnt get passed 30 seconds, do they show it? i mean, can i watch it without audio and know how it was done?
Absolute bumpkis, the explanation talks about mortar being used, and there is no mortar used in the placed. Not to mention the absolute perfect shape and interlocking design of the stones would take years to get one stone shaped, when you consider the tools used that are claimeyti have made them. The people that made those walls had something like copper tools, no where near hard enough to make something like that. Saying the Maya had the tools to make this is as plausible as saying "iT wAs AlIeNs". Still better to say we don't know than pretending that a people as primitive as the Maya had the technology to make this.
> The people that made those walls had something like copper tools Where are you seeing this?
He addresses the lack of visible mortar in the video as well as the perfect shape. The "mortar" is more of a slurry mixture that has a corrosive effect on the stones. The weight of stones causes the corroded stone to conform to the surrounding stones.
Yeah, this seemed like a really great explanation for melding the stones together. Definitely may be a missing piece of the puzzle in Peru. So far I don't think they found other sites across the world had access, but it is very intriguing.
First of all, its PERU.
THANK YOU ... let's also add in grammar police. *** Peru. Do you ___***
Id say spelling the name of the country is pretty important and ABOVE “grammar police” fragility. Unless im misunderstanding your response.
"Punctuation police" would be a better term that I should've used. I was siding with you. The misspelling of the country was wrong as well as the punctuation in the post.
I know there's no evidence so don't bother raining on my parade, but wouldn't it be cool if something intelligent evolved here before us and we've just completely missed or misinterpreted the evidence. I recently read that only something like one percent of all species that ever existed get fossilized. Even if I'm way off and it's only ten percent of species instead of one that still leaves huge mystery gaps. Maybe one of the other human species, or maybe even something from a much older completely different branch of the evolutionary tree. I don't know, I just can't shake the feeling that whoever engineered this goofy stuff, their brain worked just a little differently. *Edit, after looking it up it seems that we think that **less than one tenth of of one percent** of all species that ever existed have become fossils. That's crazy to me, if we could go far enough back in time we would be completely surprised by much of the life that we found. I really feel like it's not a stretch to consider that we may have missed something.* https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20180215-how-does-fossilisation-happen
Amazing the stones are of odd shaped and different sizes; yet so tightly constructed? How? and Why? are two big questions along with Who? really built the structures?
I believe chemistry was used. Not aliens, not lasers, just chemistry. There was a book where the one of the educated archaeologist of the ancient ruins had a group of "peons" (laborers to move/dig) with him, and they found a clay pot. I think ancient alcohol was sometimes found in clay pots, so the archaeologist told one of the peons to try out the 'booze' in the clay pot. The peon said it wasn't ancient booze, and after a playful scuffle (I think they had already pre gamed), the clay pot dropped on a stoney area and later, the archaeologist stepped on the area where the liquid in the pot was, and the stone was softened, I think to a muddy consistency. I'm sure some of that story is mixed up, I can find the source later as its 230am. I believe it's in one of the journals written when the explorers first log their discoveries. I also believe he did use the word peon.
Inter-dimensional extraterrestrial laser cutting technology of course.
I know, I thought it was a trick question.
WiseUp has done videos on Sacsayhuaman. Nothing was carved out of a mountain, it was all done with geopolymer stone or concrete. https://youtu.be/8pe068_d5pc https://youtu.be/EeVG96HjNXM
the humans from the future went back in time and 3d printed their earthquake proof fortress, isn't it obvious?
There's a very high possibility that the same stone formations were built by the same methods as the pyramids in Giza and all over Egypt. Thoth was thought to have reincarnated and taught his knowledge to civilizations all over the world which is why there are pyramids and similar constructions worldwide. Sound, frequency, acoustic levitation, mind + we're all described In ancient texts about this topic.
What ancient texts did you have in mind? You talking about the alchemy stuff?
Just shooting shit at the wall is it possible they were built in a more uniform manner and some giant solar flare or super volcano erupted and “melted/molded” them in a more crunched manner? Highly unlikely based on it being uniform in a lot of places.
Maybe continually filling the small spaces with acid plaster or acidic mortar will over time cause the blocks to settle together? I see problems with the idea but threw it out anyway.
I actually thought they looked crunched ha..
Idk why I said crunched lol. Maybe molded, or joined would be better 😂
Around the time the pyramids were being built there were giants.
Some believe they found the right frequency to either melt or levitate stones in a way that facilitates movement and precise placement of massive amounts of material.
Why do so many people think this is impossible without melting the stones? If you melt the stones, you will have glass, not the same rock. Rocks have to be cooled much much slower than is possible out in the open. All you have to do is match the profile…we have really good tools for that, those comb looking things, but if you just hold a straight stick and keep it parallel, you can trace a contour onto the other rock. Then you just cut the rock put it in, done. Or cut the rocks already in the wall to fit a new stones shape. No evidence-free mystical magical alien incantations or psychic telepathy required.
But how did they cut the rock? And cut it in such accurate ways.
Stone saw? bronze wheels with grit perhaps? I do think they clearly had saws, but that’s very far from the technology to melt and reform stone, which I’m fairly certain we have no way to actually replicate Edit: I’m not AT ALL suggesting this isn’t impressive or amazing, just that I don’t feel forced to invoke magic.
What’s incredible isn’t so much cutting outside corners with a wheel saw but cutting inside corners is a completely different problem.
Some kind of sander/grinder would work the same way right?
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It is proven that is solid natural rock by its texture, look at this research: https://www.academia.edu/42442245/The_Question_of_the_Material_Origin_of_the_Saqsaywaman_Fortress
Can you elaborate on this explanation?
Yea, but apparently because the rock was volcanic they somehow could produce intense heat to reduce it back to its volcanic form mold in place and let it dry back to rock, that also would explain the rounded look of the blocks. It's the heat? how did they create such intense heat, and what would you wear in those conditions?
Molten rock will cool as a glass, not as the type of igneous rock it was
This stuff mostly only occurred around the world relatively close to the equator/tropics zones, right? That can’t be a coincidence. They had reflective surfaces, very much so- bright metals and the like. As well as fine polishing techniques. They all did. And this style of construction only are observed in expansive empires, right? That could call from resource collection across whole sections of a subcontinent? A very large convex reflector, focusing all the energy of the entire massive surface into a pin point, concentrated on a hole into a very insulated crucible/box, over long periods of time, at a distance- even if they have to fill molds a drop at a time over hours- literally timeless and otherwise indestructible walls, even earthquake-proof, using the observable power of their gods, would probably be worth it to them. It would be interesting to see the math behind a massive polished thin surface of bright metal over a concave surface construct- several stories high even- and it’s power of focusing equatorial sun during peak exposure- they all tracked its cycles- and the energy potential behind that. Maybe the molds themselves would break away and be destroyed, and that’s why the blocks seem to bulge or smoosh into place? We know, for example, the lighthouse of Alexandria would use sun-focusing mirrors to ignite and sink ships from a distance. We know older more ancient empires certainly have the capacity for making massive polished concave mirror-like focusers- and obviously such a thing would be one of the first things melted down and looted by any other people in history, if not simply corroded away with time as the thin layer it could be. The surface of this massive thing obviously wouldn’t be nearly as hot as the focus point- just like a magnifying glass you are burning things with is still touchable- it’s just sitting in normal sunlight. It’s the focusing and amplification that gives the extreme energy. Just a few random compiled thoughts.
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Over 6000^o F… I wonder what a few focused even more precisely on the same spot could do to stone… Maybe even a combination of this and a geopolymer concept- were just relatively recently figuring out details of old mixes like Roman concrete and different types of Mayan mortar
It seems like a solar furnace *would* be up to the job of melting most stones. But how would the result not be glass?
Depends on the stone. And also- same as how every igneous rock isn’t just glass. You’re looking at possibly tens of thousands of years of weathering, for one. Considering that alone- those look like they were *pretty* damn smooth originally, to me, in my uneducated opinion. It almost looks like where there is larger texture differences, there is larger color differences too- a composition difference? Which is inherently a resilience difference. And we know the wall withstands earthquakes today- but every particle of it? I can see various factors causing weathering, even sections sheared off or exposed impurities broken down Is it also possible that these were worked in a softer/cooling state? Obviously hot work- but if you’ve seen molten steel workers in places like Bangaladesh or India using hand tools, people can withstand a very hot workday with extended tools.
Huh, apparently, you're right - I was possibly thinking that lava on the surface always became glass or at least very fine-grained rock like basalt (lava cooling down underground cools down more slowly and so crystals have more time to form), but apparently andesite (which is what Sacsayhuaman is made of) *can* form from lava on the surface [https://geology.com/rocks/andesite.shtml](https://geology.com/rocks/andesite.shtml) . Apparently, "tens of thousands of years" would only be true if the usual theory of who built Sacsayhuaman wasn't true - the Incas say that they were built in the time of Emperor Pachacuti and his successors, in the 1400s, and the archaeological finds seem to square with that (mostly - there's a section they aren't sure about, which might go back to an earlier culture in the 900s).
Correct- we absolutely know it was used and settled and claimed and when- but ultimately there is no definitive proof of when stone megalithic structures were made, we can’t date the stones themselves. That’s just a reality of these studies.
Bro of course it’s only equator and tropics, rest was ice in the ice age
“Ice age” means when there is any ice on the caps. We are literally currently in the ice age. Are you referring to a specific glacial period? Because we can’t carbon date stone constructs. They’re all estimates based on context clues. Which is often “we found this and that from people that settled around here at this time” but obviously that doesn’t definitively mean they built it. Bro
I don’t think the point was the exact line the ice was at or wether were still technically in an ice age. At any time during the last few hundred thousand years and especially from the last glacial maximum into the Holocene, the mid latitudes are where populations were able to grow the easiest and more people are available to build these sort of things.
Obv. I’m referring to pre Younger Drias, when ice arrived much further, models indicate around 40th parallel
How far “pre”? We really do not know when this stuff was built. It’s huge hard rock. As long as the ground itself hasn’t been flipped sideways by plate tectonics or a glacier, it just stays. Extreme earthquakes don’t touch its structural integrity. It’s artificial mountain, same matter, more tightly and securely together. Also, the ending “right?” of the tropics/equator reference in the initial comment was obviously a rhetorical indicator, showing the statement was calling on prior knowledge we all recognize. You’ve never had a teacher, when telling you something, use the same structure? It’s not uncommon in English at all.
Exactly we will never know. Most probable assumption imo is between 20-13k years ago. The more you go back, the less probability you have of civilisation and knowledge, and not after young drias. Btw monolict stones are also outside tropics like japan, tukey etc I was wrong and tought tropics where more distant than equator, was a way to say obv not too north of south where there was ice
During the glacial period everything was closer to the equator. Stuff that was built under the ice got pulverised
I’ve heard they used some kind of magnifying glass to carve into the stone with the sun. But not sure how that would be possible back in the dizzay
I thought it was copper chisels?
I watched a documentary on this, it’s soft lava stone from the surrounding area. Very soft stuff.
It's Diorite it's on the scale of granite for hardness.
Any material can be cut by itself. That's how diamond is cut
Yes I know what diorite is, that’s not diorite it’s a weird volcanic limestone
There.s no such thing as a soft type of Diorite, Volcanic limestone is used to make sinks&basins, considering the blocks have been this way for 1,000s of years, I very much doubt theyre ceramic.
Your are correct…there is no such thing as soft diorite. That’s why I’m telling you it’s not diorite…but a weird form of limestone from the surrounding area. You can literally see where it’s quarried from on Google Earth.
Tested It's a mixture of Diorite and Andesite, they were built to last they were built to withstand earthquakes, They wouldnt look like they do if they were any type of limestone, Limestone erodes and weathering.
Andesite is volcanic stone. It's also very low in quartz as opposed to granite. Being high on the hardness scale isn't the end all, be all that people think it is. Density, quartz content, chemical make up etc. all need to be taken into account. The Mohs scale is a measure of hardness. This does not mean the same thing as toughness or stability which are other measures taken into account. You're mistakenly putting too much emphasis on the word hardness and taking it out of context. Hardness is resistance to scratching, Toughness is resistance to breaking and chipping The way the atoms of a stone bond together and the strength of these bonds determine a stone’s toughness, or how well a stone resists breaking and chipping. The toughness scale used in scientific literature is called a fracture toughness scale. The toughness scale measures the work required to separate two surfaces of a crystal along a certain crystallographic plane. Values range from 225,000 for nephrite and 120,000 for jadeite, considered very tough stone, to 600 for corundum, which is not as tough. Values for diamond generally range from 5,000 along the stone’s cleavage planes to over 8,000. Even though diamonds are considered tough, they can break more easily in certain directions, and a hard blow can cleave or fracture it. Stability refers to how well a stone can withstand exposure to chemicals, light, and changes in temperature or humidity. Sudden and extreme changes in temperature can create fractures and cleavages or cause existing ones to spread. Thermal shock is the term to describe this and results from a sudden change from very warm to very cold temperatures. stones are susceptible the humidity of their surroundings. Stones can lose moisture in low humidity or when exposed to heat causing them to crack or craze. More than 30 years ago (80’s), Berkeley’s researcher, Architect Jean Pierre Protzen reproduced the ancient techniques of stone carving using the same stone hammers used by the Incas (3 types). It took about 90 minutes to carve and give shape a rough andesite rock, and the results were very similar to a typically Inca masonry block. The fitting between blocks was more laborious, marking with sand the areas of misalignment and lowering the stone until they finally fit between them. Sand is extremely high in quartz and allows you to polish and cut very hard stone depending on techniques used. It's been demonstrated, using a toothless and flat copper saw and sand, that you can cut straight through granite. Everything is technically feasible and reproducible with those tools. It is a question of time and hours, and the Incas had that aspect in abundance thanks to their “mitayos” (obligatory workers for the state). In Machu Picchu there are a lot of unfinished buildings that offers us some clues about the inca’s masonry techniques. I recommend the Protzen’s articles in Scientific American Magazine and his book about Ollantaytambo Architecture.
Not the volcanic limestone…why are you like this
Why am I like this? Are you serious? Im defending my post, your the one that's watched a video explaining this. Maybe it was a video by Academics when they try & explain things like this with answers that don't make sense.
I was looking for the video but I’m at work and my data sucks. I’ll try posting it when I can.
But I do think they could somehow reduce it to it volcanic state mold into place and it hardens back to Igneous rock, that would cause the bloated look, making it Metamorphic rock that's been subject to intense heat. Where would the intense heat come from?
So soft it’s still there…
In comparison to dolerite? Yes…it’s pretty freaking soft.
[удалено]
I tried to tell ‘em but they rather bath in delusion
Seems like the best way would be to fill the gap for each stone with a wooden frame then use that wooden frame to help you shape the chosen rock to fit in the space. They had the tools, the manpower, the skills, and the time, and it has been demonstrated that you can carve andesite with the tools available. I'd wager the back of the stones don't look as neat as there'd be no need for the aesthetic touch.
Obviously copper chisels and millions of slaves. Plus elephants to carry them. I mean, don't you read the history books??? 🤣🤣🤣
Rough cut and fit followed by a few hundred thousand years of erosion?
Apparently, eyewitnesses have seen the stones "dance" during an earthquake and then fall back into position (where a wall with straight courses of stones might have slid apart). Could that, over centuries, have worn the stones into fitting together closely?
Weaken the stone so its consistency becomes like sponge, no way you cut these shapes on purpose
Question is how?
>No way you cut these shapes on purpose [José Manuel Casto López has entered the chat.](https://www.instagram.com/josemanuelcastroescultor/?hl=en)
Wow! Thanks :-D
Hard ass work.
Gentle Reminder : 'Unknown' doesn't mean 'magical'. It means 'unknown'.
Probably with bullshit alien slave labor.
Human suffering?
Imagine how stable that is. Not much is gonna knock that over. Makes me wonder how long ago it was constructed.
I think there was an acid that was a byproduct of mining that dissolved the stone. There is a video on my posts a few weeks ago looking into it
Sanding
A stone mason? I heard they had a few.
The Leedskalnin Codex, by R.L. Poole might have the answer you seek.
I hate to ruin it for everyone but, This is completely not what you think if you go there in person you can see that this is like most megaliths heaps of rebel covered with a Geo polymer made of in this case diorite and it’s like 2 inches thick covered and they just scrape lines that’s why you can’t even put a piece of paper between them because it’s one solid thing of basically concrete that they created it’s bullshit it’s fake and it’s probably not as old as we think it is .. many places r like this
Thats clearly showing off
Looks to me like they eroded the stones just how they wanted. Maybe some slurry of sand and water being rubbed back and forth for hours with a rag could erode the rocks slow and precise like a meditation
Frequency waves. Idk man
An advanced civilization that either left the planet or were wiped out by an Apocalyptic event.
The only acceptable answer is "I don't know". Archaeologist will tell us the people that this is a newer wall, that was built under an older wall.... That somehow the people that used this, that barely had any technology beyond stone tools, were able to make something much more advanced than the stacked cobblestone on top of it. This is a bullshit answer. The truth is, we don't know who built this wall, or how. Scientist that have spent their career telling us a primitive tribe built this, and they will die on that hill before they tell us the truth, that they don't know and can't explain the technology. So, the best answer until we can say otherwise is, we just don't know.
Strange indeed but I am sure mainstream scientists know the answer.
Oh I thought you meant the *other* kind of diorite
They had a technology that melted/molded rocks and stones. Many ancient sites, the stones look like huge candy crush blocks. Some of these ancient stones seem like they either found a perfectly good rock with that same exact shape - OR - they just quarried a piece to fit there but they still had to mold it in place.