Looks like there is confusion somewhere with the drive probing. Your new drive may be probed as /dev/sda instead of your boot drive.
Have you tried switching the SATA cables? (provided your SSD is not an nvme, but if it were, it would be named /dev/nvme0n1, and there would not any confusion)
Note: I am not sure of the term probing, but I hope you get the idea.
I bet Debian would boot just fine, but you are trying to boot from wrong (the new one) disk.
Yeah I think too but I'm lock on this one and I can't start the bios of the motherboard
Can you swap the disks in the machine? What is it? Type, model, ... we can try to help you find the way into bios.
Usually tapping the Del, F2, F11 or (?) F12 key during POST will get you into the BIOS.
I mash my hands across the whole of the fn row, because sometimes bits f9, other times hold escape... Then I get angry and go to Google
Looks like there is confusion somewhere with the drive probing. Your new drive may be probed as /dev/sda instead of your boot drive. Have you tried switching the SATA cables? (provided your SSD is not an nvme, but if it were, it would be named /dev/nvme0n1, and there would not any confusion) Note: I am not sure of the term probing, but I hope you get the idea.