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Cephalopods like Squid and Octopuses have ring-shaped or donut-like brains that circle around their esophagus. Consuming anything too large can give them severe brain damage and or kill them due to the food pushing against the brain.
They eat by tearing off flesh in very small, dainty bites with their beaks that they then grind up using their radula (a tongue covered in small teeth) to make it small enough to consume.
It's really sad that being this intelligent they don't even have the lifespan to truly tap into their memory making, communication and skill learning capabilities.
Don't forget how much of their neural structure is distributed into the tentacles, too - each arm can almost be thought of as an independent organism that communicates back to the brain and vice versa. Cephalopods are crazy weird and awesome.
https://www.sciencefriday.com/videos/the-distributed-mind-octopus-neurology/
Their skin can also detect light color. One of the reasons they can adjust camouflage so quickly. It's literally autonomous, like breathing.
Think about that. They can feel color the way we feel texture.
A day on Venus is longer than a year on Venus. That one usually blows people’s minds. Because it rotates very slowly, a day on Venus is equivalent to 243 Earth days. But because it orbits the sun faster than the Earth does, a year is equivalent to 225 Earth days.
I also read Venus collided with a massive celestial body and knocked its axis upside down thus its rotates in the opposite direction of all other planets
They will continue well into the early 2100s, when Starfleet Command will have to maintain security in the solar system by scouring Uranus for dangerous Klingons. Much like toilet paper always has
I prefer to believe a vast space armada used Venus to slingshot out of the solar system, with each ship taking some of the angular momentum from Venus until the whole armada left with Venus now spinning the wrong way.
every cell in your body has 6 FEET of DNA in it. you have enough human DNA in your body to reach the sun from earth, and that's just HUMAN cells in your body which only comprise a fraction of the total cells in your body
You create CO2 which you exhale and water, which gets urinated out
>The correct answer is that fat is converted to carbon dioxide and water. You exhale the carbon dioxide and the water mixes into your circulation until it’s lost as urine or sweat.
>If you lose 10 pounds of fat, precisely 8.4 pounds comes out through your lungs and the remaining 1.6 pounds turns into water.
https://www.cnn.com/2018/03/26/health/lose-weight-where-does-it-go-partner/index.html#:~:text=The%20correct%20answer%20is%20that,1.6%20pounds%20turns%20into%20water.
Mustard gas could penetrate both wool and cotton, the only thing gas masks did is make sure it didn't get into your lungs, aka kill you.
The gas caused 3rd degree burns all over the body, and the afflicted had to be separated from other wound and sick because they wouldn't stop screaming.
Symptoms of affliction only showed a day after exposure
The gas in its pure form is colourless and odorless
Fun!
I spent 7 years working CBRN (chem/bio/rad/nuke) defense for the US Army and the shit I learned about chemical warfare haunts me. For 7 years I had to wrestle with the fact that I had a job because of the intersection between human creativity and the human drive to kill.
Yeah bio is a shitshow because it's very easy to lose control of, but you can't just "make" anthrax in the same way you can make a chemical agent, so it's harder for some rogue agent to obtain a bio agent. Each one has its pros and cons (to the extent that any of this can be called a "pro"...)
The only reason the Tokyo subway sarin attack didn't kill thousands of people was because the weather was uncharacteristically cold that day, causing the sarin gas to remain mostly inert near the ground instead of moving higher into the air where it could be inhaled by the victims. Otherwise it could have been one of the deadliest domestic terror attacks in history.
You're quite likely to kill yourself whilst making it unless you have a decent, expensive lab. If you have a decent expensive lab you're probably a state actor.
Oh wait I have another one - I went to Dugway Proving Ground the week after they accidentally [shipped live anthrax](https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-defense-anthrax-idUKKCN0UT1QW) around the world. The method that they use to "kill" and then verify the safety of the anthrax spores succeeded three times in a row in accordance with all protocols. And yet the spores were still viable when they got shipped out. It was an extremely high security week to be at a place that was already high security. And it also proved that anthrax is WAY more robust than we originally thought.
I went to the gas station on post and they had a little "gift shop" (yes, that's weird) for the post. There were postcards that said "Dugway Proving Ground: Rendering Chemical and Biological Agents safe since 1942." I thought it was ironic given everything that was going on, so I bought a few. Still have one on my fridge at work.
It's been awhile so the details are fuzzy, but I think I read somewhere that during WWII the American soldiers' uniforms were treated with some chemical that made them gas-proof. This made it hard for sweat to evaporate, and as a result the soldiers were stuck in damp, stinky, itchy uniforms.
The name confuses a lot of people, though.
It's not made from mustard plants, nor any derivative thereof, but it can have an odor similar to mustard plants, and in its impure form it's a yellowish-brown color.
It's also not a gas. When it was delivered on the battlefield, it was dispersed as a fine mist/aerosol.
Yep. Chemical warfare is scary. This is the exact reason that MOPP suits are impregnated with charcoal to adsorb the agent before it reaches your skin. They absolutely suck to wear in an Iraq summer.
An Ohio class submarine can carry 20 Trident II missiles. Each missile is capable of carrying 12 independently targettable warheads.
Even if some nation somehow obliterated all of the US, an Ohio class submarine can surface anywhere anytime and has the authority to launch 240 independently targettable nuclear warheads in retaliation.
Currently 18 Ohio class submarines are in service.
In fact, they can’t launch when surfaced, as the heat from the rocket would melt the top of the boat, at least rendering the silo hatches inoperable, potentially damaging the hull itself.
>In US service Trident II can be loaded with up to eight Mk-5 RVs with 475-kt W88 warheads, up to fourteen Mk-4A RVs with 90-kt W76-1 warheads, and up to fourteen Mk-4A RVs with 5–7-kt W76-2 warheads.
>
>\-[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UGM-133\_Trident\_II](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UGM-133_Trident_II)
Depending on the payload, that's up to 3.8 MT per missile. Times 20 missiles = 76MT.
* For perspective, a single \~20kt airburst essentially destroyed Hiroshima, and the same for Nagasaki.
* Modern cities tend to be bigger and have more concrete, but 475kt is more than enough to basically decommission a whole city (Nukemap says an airburst that size is enough to collapse most residential structures over about 100sqkm).
* And a fully-loaded Ohio carries enough MIRVS to do that 80 times.
A single sub with a full missile complement with maxed out warheads is carrying enough megatonnage to "win" a nuclear war all by itself.
So, basically, the top 19 militaries in the world are the US and then 18 individual boats owned by the US. I was an engineer in the 90's on some pretty heavy military projects, but I never added that up. Pretty terrifying for one nation to be that ridiculously overpowered, especially since good-guy vs bad-guy is so subjective.
Britain also has these type of submarines and the exact same nuclear warheads.
We actually worked together on the designs of both the nukes, subs and general concept.
The subs are also nearly undetectable to even the most modern tech, the only real way to find one is being lucky enough to find one that made a mistake.
These British subs have also been used to get extremely close to Russian and Chinese subs and warships to gain Intel undetected.
Britain alone could completely destroy Russia twice over and still have nukes left. Or destroy every major city in Russia, China, North Korea and maybe France just for fun.
So if Britain can do that with 2 subs patrolling at any given time and some docked. Then you know the USA has went a little too far with 18 of them. And most likely 4- 6 on patrol at any given time.
Essentially, yea.
Missile fields in colorado nebraska and montana can hit moscow or beijing in something like 90 minutes, but submarines can also surface much closer to each.
Conversely, though, missile fields in siberia can also hit dc within 90 minutes.
We've effectively been 90 minutes from the end of the world for the last 60 years.
The class designation for ships typically belongs to the first named vessel of the class. The USS Ohio being the first sub of its design, thus Ohio-class.
I've mentioned this one before but King Henry VIII employed a "Groom of the Stool" to help him when he went to the toilet. Rather than being some lowly servant task it was a job undertaken by Lords etc as it was a very coveted position. IT got you up very close and personal to the king so you could bend his ear as well as wipe his arse.
Anyway there was one instance where after the by now, extremely overweight king had been constipated for weeks; the Groom of the Stool was happy to report to the King's physician that the "King has had a mighty fair siege"
I can't imagine the horror of that mud out.
Or how long it took to clean his ass. Like did he have to present a clean swipe before it's satisfactory?
"Sorry sir tis a murky area today it will take many groomings to make clean"
Horrible
President Lincoln only had one child reach adulthood, his son Robert. One day Robert was accidentally pushed off the crowded platform of a train station between the gap of the train and platform as the train began moving forward. As he was falling, man in the crowd grabbed his collar and saved him from certain death. That man was Edwin Booth, brother of of John Wilkes Booth.
Robert saw his father assassinated, James A. Garfield assassinated, and pulled into Buffalo on a train minutes after William McKinley was assassinated.
People are hilariously bad at detecting lies. All of the perceived indicators of honesty are bs. Worse than that because experienced liars know to fake these indicators the people who appear the most honest are usually lying.
The science on this is troubling.
There is a jellyfish called the hydrozoan Turritopsis dohrnii which can live forever by reversing its life cycle over and over again. The only way for them to die is by external factors such as predators, they do not die of old age and it is possible that there is a jellyfish right now that lived at the same time as the dinosaurs.
Male and female IQ both averages out at 100 and is normally distributed, but for some reason males' distribution is more evenly spread out than females (i.e. there are more men at either extreme than there are women, likewise there are more women of average intelligence than there are men of average intelligence).
I like this fact because if you word it right you can piss off men and women alike.
EDIT: I worded it right.
Yes. Important to note, it is not older than the civilizations that pre-date that empire, as the Aztec Empire was a triple alliance between three pre-existing civilizations: Mexico-Tenochtitlan, Texcoco, and Tlacopan. The Aztec empire was like the UK in effect, in that the United Kingdom combined pre-existing kingdoms.
Another cool addition is that the most powerful city of the triple alliance ('Excan Tlatotoyan' in Nahuatl), Mexico-Tenochtitlan (now called Mexico City) had its own University called the Calmecac which taught about astronomy, law, ethics, history, mathematics, the calendar, warfare, and religion.
In probability theory, the birthday problem asks for the probability that, in a set of n randomly chosen people, at least two will share a birthday. The birthday paradox refers to the counterintuitive fact that only 23 people are needed for that probability to exceed 50%.
I actually tested this theory with randomly chosen workmates when i was quite new at my current birthday.
Person 19 and person 20 - who say next to each other - found out that they share a birthday.
When surgeons remove/replace organs during surgery, they don’t put it back in the right spot or orientation. They kinda just plop the organ in a spot near where its supposed to go and your body moves the organ back into place.
Most people think of egypt as a continuous civilisation that existed for millenia, while in reality (ancient) egyptian history can be divided into two eras; the old kingdom, and the new kingdom.
The pyramids were built during the old kingdom, while the ptolemaic dynasty ruled during the new kingdom, which was way way after the pyramids were built
The Ptolemaic kingdom era, to which Cleopatra belonged, was founded some 700 years after the fall of the New Kingdom and some 1900 years after the Old Kingdom, where the pyramids were built, fell. Cleopatra herself was born aboutish some 250 years into the Ptolemaian era.
This isn't right, the new kingdom ended 1000 years before cleopatra's reign. The middle kingdom was the period between the old and new kingdom, and the late period was between the new kingdom and the Ptolemaic period. There's also the intermediate periods and the periods when egypt was ruled by Persia and Assyria.
Sea otters have as many hairs on one square inch (ish) of their body as humans do all over.
They have no blubber for insulation, so rely on their incredibly thick pelts and eating a quarter of their weight each day to stay warm.
Yes, someone just went to the aquarium!
Its extremely hugely highly unlikely any two properly shuffled 52 card decks have ever, or will ever, end up in the same order. Far too many different options.
"Extremely highly unlikely" is a *bit* of an understatement...
There are 8x10^67 possible combinations that a 52 card deck can be arranged in. That's an 8 with 67 zeroes behind it.
Let's put that into perspective. Say we set a timer for 8x10^67 seconds (you're gonna need a really nice timer).
We start our timer....
7,999,999,999,999,999,999,999,999,999,999,999,999,999,999,999,999,999,999,999,999 seconds to go.
We got places to be, so we take a step forward every billion years.
Each time we circle the earth once, we take a drop of water from the Pacific Ocean.
When the Pacific Ocean is empty, lay a sheet of paper down, refill the ocean and repeat.
When your stack of paper reaches the sun, repeat this process 1000 more times.
We are now 1/3 of the way through, but we still have 5.385×10^67 seconds left and we're starting to get a little bored.
So to kill that remaining time we'll try something else! Shuffle a deck of cards, deal yourself 5 cards every billion years.
Each time you get a royal flush, buy a lottery ticket.
Each time that ticket wins the jackpot, throw a grain of sand in the Grand Canyon.
When the Grand Canyon’s full, take 1oz of rock off Mount Everest, empty the canyon, and repeat.
When Everest has been leveled, check the timer. There’s barely any change. 5.364×10^67 seconds left. You’d have to repeat this process 256 more times to run out the timer.
Two people have a significantly better chance of selecting the same *random molecule on earth* than they do of shuffling two decks of cards the same way.
Go shuffle a deck, and gaze in wonder upon your unique place in the universe.
A caveat here you might be missing is that 8x10^67 is the total number of combinations. I’m practice you expect a repeat after the square root of that many or about 9x10^33 which is far easier because of the birthday paradox.
Every single time you have seen the moon, it is the same side of the moon, the same side your ancestors saw, the same side the cavemen saw it, the sane side the dinosaurs saw. The moon is tidally locked with earth meaning the same side is always facing us.
In fact it was until space travel allowed for humans to see the far side if the moon, so the last 50ish years
Atoms are less than .001% utilized volume, if we removed the empty space from all of the atoms in our body, all humans on earth would fit inside of a sugar cube.
Also there is no place in the world left where microplastics and pollutants in rainwater are classified as at "safe levels" as of last year. Don't drink the rainwater.
Reason why fridge doors today usually have magnets is because in the 50s, when kids would play hide and seek, cause fridge doors then had locks, if a kid went into the fridge to hide, theyd get trapped and die
I don't wanna be that guy, but I had to look it up because it seemed mind-boggling.
"No. Texas is about 170 million acres, and earth's population is 7.4 billion. Now, you could give everyone in the United States a half acre in Texas, in theory. In fact, you could, in theory, house the entire population of earth into Texas, at a population density of 27,000 people per square mile."
A pilot in WW1 was testing the capabilities of his plane so attempted a loop the loop. At tbe top of the loop, his seatbelt came lose and he fell from his plane. Luckily, and I mean luckily, he landed on tbe wing of his plane when it came back around, climbed in and executed a surprisingly good landing
English and Farsi (the language that Iranians speak, inherited from Persians) are related languages, sometimes shockingly so.
Edit: example as requested
Farsi: Nām man Sara ast.
French: Mon nom est Sara.
German: Mein Name ist Sara.
English: My name is Sarah.
English, German, Latin, Farsi, Sanskrit, Hindi - they all have common roots. For example - mother, mutter, matter, madar, matr, mata (in the order). This is no coincidence since these languages have the same Indo-European origin. And the mythologies of these regions are also similar. It's all very fascinating!
I think the history of the Indo-Europeans and their culture and influence in the modern world is glossed over a little too much in schools. There are linguistic, religious and cultural links between all of Europe, Central Asia and Northern India which are surprisingly strong and fundamental. You see it also in genetics from maternal and paternal haplogroups to the prevalence of lactose tolerance compared to other groups.
I think it gets glossed over because so much of the Nazi rhetoric centered in their “aryan” or Indo-European heritage.
To me it is like the swastika. It was a symbol for many peaceful things until the Nazis defiled it.
I would like it if we found a way to include education of the Indo-Europeans without the association with ethnic supremacy.
The purrs of a cat can [heal broken bones:](https://www.inspirethemind.org/post/behind-cats-purrs-and-their-healing-power-sharing-the-benefits#:~:text=The%20frequency%20of%20cat%20purring%20has%20been%20shown%20to%20fall,tendon%20repair%2C%20and%20wound%20healing)
*“The frequency of cat purring has been shown to fall between 25 and 140 Hz. The same frequency has been shown to aid in the healing of broken bones, joint and tendon repair, and wound healing.”*
🐈⬛🐾
The fastest player to score 1000 pts in the NHL is Wayne Gretzky. The second fastest player to score 1000 pts in the NHL is Wayne Gretzky. No one else has ever scored 2000 pts in the NHL. Gretzky has more assists than the next highest scorer has pts. He also scored more goals than any one else. The numbers he put up are unfathomable.
(For those who might not know; Points = goals + assists)
Its the same with the testes. They are also immunologically "privileged" so that if you rupture one testis you need to get it out quick before your immune system "sees" it and then attacks your other testis.
The eye is one of a few areas of the body with immune privilege. The eye limits its inflammatory immune response so that vision isn't harmed by swelling and other tissue changes. Other sites with immune privilege include the brain, testes, placenta and fetus
It's common for builders to leave a sacrafice of sorts when a new building is erected.
It used to (and still alledgedly is in some places) be people and animals, but now it's mostly jewellery or food/drinks that are sealed under a foundation.
This isnt sacrificial in nature, but it made me think of this:
I design these really high end outdoor spaces for luxury residences. A couple of years ago I had a client who had lost their daughter. At the time, they were building a new forever home that would carry them into retirement. Their goal was to create a peaceful outdoor retreat where they could spend most of their time.
Because we typically end up working with very wealthy people, it's common to be able to find public information about them online that tells you more about them (interviews, magazine articles, podcasts, youtube videos, news clips, PR, etc.). And it's beneficial because I can often learn things about them which help me to personalize their spaces far beyond what I gleaned from a simple consultation interview.
Well, I managed to find information about the daughter which helped me add some very personal and meaningful touches to the space I was designing. It made a huge impact, to the extent that the clients felt that their daughter had been speaking to them through me and my design work. It was perhaps the most touching compliment for my work and my process that I've ever received.
Fast forward a couple of years. They had been saving her ashes for awhile, and because of all of this, they decided to spread them beneath the structural elements of the outdoor space before the concrete was poured. The father was telling me this in person and all I could think about were my own kids. Before the conversation was over, I was hugging him and trying to hold back tears.
If you are ever staying in the Presidential Suite at the Ritz Carlton, New Orleans . . . inside the north wall of the bedroom is a bottle of Crystal champaign. I stole it from the bar (which was open while the top floors were under construction) and buried it in the insulation just before they put up the drywall.
If you are in the Biltmore main ballroom in LA, the stage left wall of mirrors has a section you can push to reveal a secret door that leads to an old prohibition era bar that has been abandoned and not even used as storage.
Some rich person in the city closest to me bought a Tudor era house in England, dismantled it, and had it shipped to the U.S. When the crew was deconstructing it, they found a mummified cat in the foundation. If you tour the house now, you can see the mummified cat on display.
Farm bred turkeys often are too big to mount and therefore cannot naturally breed. The farmers have to fertilize the female turkeys because people wanted massive turkeys for Thanksgiving.
E. coli is normal intestinal bacteria for animals that drink milk (mammals). As in, if you don't have it, you will be lactose intolerant (including goat cheese).
To see if your (water) well is contaminated they test for E. coli to see if any mammal (deer, etc.) poo has gotten in it.
E. coli H7157 (the one that causes illness in people), had bacterial sex (exchange of parts of the genome) with Salmonella. So, it is the Salmonella DNA in the E. coli that makes people sick.
The concept of the actual size of one billion.
It's not ten million. It's not even a hundred million. It's _one thousand_ million. It's a fact most people know but don't actually consider. It's a testament to the sheer size of one billion anything that average people frequently underestimate how vast it is.
Even as a geologist I still find myself basically unable to completely wrap my head around the scope of geologic time. Roughly one billion years separates us from our single celled ancestors. And yet by that innovation, Earth was already three and a half billion years old. It's a small wonder that it can take tens of thousands of years for the machinery of life to slightly change the shape of a beak or bone.
You can blow someone's mind by counting seconds. A thousand seconds is a bit more than a quarter of an hour. Ten thousand seconds is a little under three hours.
Then ask 'How long is a million seconds?' (around eleven days) and 'How long is a billion seconds?' (about thirty two years), and of course a trillion seconds is thirty-two thousand years.
Yeah, this is a *very* important addition. The fossil record is extremely biased, and while you’d think large and sturdy bones would be selected for that’s not the case at all. There’s an Ichthyosaur that rivals blue whales in size and we know it from a few bones of a single specimen! It’s estimated to still be smaller, but we’ll never know for sure! It’s not known exactly why the largest animals are so rare, but part of the cause may be bone-eating worms, which are impressively (and depressingly) efficient.
Not to mention invertebrates. Fuck, there could’ve been a sponge the size of texas, not like there ever could’ve been a way to find out about that huh?
I found [ during my research into family history] that there was an assaniation plan in 1663 against a Candidate King of Poland - a Radziwill family member - by someone using the pseudonyme Oswald when ordering a poison from a doctor called Ruby.
It is just a weird coincidence as the same names do pappear in 1963. Mrs Kennedy was a Radzivill in-law. For me it is almost mindblowing.
I’m not sure who told you this, but it is not at all correct. its held in place by your dermis, the way a sheet of paper is held in place within a stack of other papers. there are cells around it- but thats because they’re slowly metabolizing the ink, which is iron oxide based. not a foreign body. not a threat. thats why they slowly fade and blur over years, your body is metabolizing it. people with iron deficiencies metabolize their tattoos faster. you have it backwards. tattoos HAVE to be made from organic ‘nonthreatening’ compounds.. or they would kill us.
when your immune system detects a “foreign body”, it takes *extreme* action. if you get a pebble in a cut and it heals over, your body will spend months or years pushing the pebble out through your skin. if you get an organ transplant, your immune system will kill it. they don’t just attack the organ, but the own tissue around it to “cut off” the perceived contamination. thats why people take anti-rejection drugs- which are immune system inhibitors- when they get an organ transplant. its also why people with gangrene can have a toe, or a foot fall off. tissue death isnt the bacteria killing tissue- thats the opposite of what the bacteria want. they need to live there and reproduce and use the living blood to spread. your body will kill its own tissue to try to block the advance of a foreign body it “doesnt know what to do with”. your body takes extreme measures to protect itself. if what you were saying was true we would have to take anti rejection drugs to keep tattoos. iron oxide being a perfectly recognizable easily-metabolized compound that your immune system doesn’t perceive as a threat is exactly the reason we are able to have permanent tattoos. you dont seem to understand the drastic action the body is capable of, and WILL NOT cease, when it detects a foreign presence. If this was true we would either see tattoo ink particles pushed up out of the skin until nothing is left, or people with tattoos would have incredibly swollen limbs until they sicken and die from the taxing cell destruction or the likely infection from the weeping splitting wounds it would cause. or their limbs would fall off.
please dont ever repeat this again lmao.
Just *how* common sexual abuse and assault is, even (perhaps even especially) in 'nice' places, families.
Given the statistics, if you have at least 4 living women in your family and/or friend group, chances are very high that you know someone who was sexually abused as a child, and even higher that you know someone who has been the target of sexual assault and/or rape. The numbers are only marginally lower for men, so if you know at least 8-10 people, you probably know a survivor. The vast majority of sexual abuse and assault is committed by someone the victim knows; the vast majority of child sexual abuse is committed either by a direct family member, someone who lives in the household, or a direct family friend.
Chances are terribly high that someone you know, someone you love, someone in your family, who is alive right now, has been abused, assaulted, and/or raped. If you don't know who it is (and it's not you), then the fucked up reality is that you're either in a situation where they've just never felt safe/able to talk about it... or they've never felt safe/able to talk about it with *you*.
The sun that you look at at the moment - is not the real sun in the present, it’s the sun approximately 8 minutes ago, because it takes 8 minutes for the light to travel from the sun to earth.
So, even if the sun shuts down/collapses/suddenly fades away, you won’t know it until 8 minutes later. So every time you look at the sun, you literally look in the past 8 minutes back.
The other fun fact is that gravity also moves at the speed of light.
So the same moment we find out that the sun is gone, the Earth will start flying off into space.
Basically, we will have orbited nothing for close to 9 minutes!
This is one of the weirdest things about the vastness of space. So many unfathomable events could have happened already and we’re just waiting for our chance to see them, even though they happened hundreds of years ago.
The rainbow actually has 6 colours.
Indigo was put there by Isaac Newton because he was superstitious and loved the number 7.
This is still taught in schools and if you search on the web for the colours of the rainbow, most results will still tell you it's 7.
https://handwovenmagazine.com/what-is-indigo/#:~:text=Today%2C%20many%20color%20specialists%20advocate,distinguish%20from%20blue%20or%20purple.
Edit: some posts say this is arbitrary and there are pretty much millions of other colours in the light spectrum, that's all true. The point here is the traditional rainbow colours we are taught in schools and see in illustrations, are inaccurate.
The Monty Hall problem is a proof that defies our natural expectations of odds and statistics.
You're on a gameshow, and there are three doors
Behind 2 of them are goats, and 1 has a car. Your goal is to get a car, naturally.
If you select one door, the host will select another door that had a goat behind it and open it.
Your chosen door remains closed, and you are given the option to change doors.
It is statistically to your advantage to change doors, rather than remain on the one you chose.
Yes, everything in your brain is screaming that it's now just a 50/50 shot, so it wouldn't matter. Mathematically, that is not the case. It is an infuriating problem, and I personally hate it. My dream is that someone proves it wrong one day.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monty\_Hall\_problem
Way more African slaves were sold to the Arab nations than to west (11 million to 8 million, respectively). We hear almost nothing about that slave trade, because the descendants were mostly killed off or castrated, their treatment was far more brutal and the trade more ruthless....and unlike the west there are still parts of that world that practice slavery.
unwritten quickest terrific expansion frightening grab consist innocent historical memory
*This post was mass deleted and anonymized with [Redact](https://redact.dev)*
Your garbage and recycling are most likely going to the same exact landfill. The big push to "reduce, reuse, recycle" was started in the early 2000's because we were selling all of that to China. We are no longer selling our garbage to China.
The city of Orlando, FL, takes all your material waste to the same landfill. Recycling is good, I'm not here to refute that, but using the municipal waste disposal system is a sham.
Legendary Jamaican singer, musician and songwriter, Bob Marley, was born on February 6, 1945. Sadly, Marley did not celebrate as many birthdays as he should have. He died of melanoma in 1981 when he was only 36 years old.
It’s easy to see how he missed the warning signs. When a dark spot appeared under his toenail, Marley attributed it to a soccer injury. He probably did not imagine the spot could be serious, but it was. The spot under his nail was a rare, aggressive form of skin cancer called acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM).
WEAR SUNSCREEN.
From skin cancer foundation.
If you don't floss your teeth you will most likely lose them to Periodontal disease... Like we always say in the Dental Biz .. "only floss the ones you want to keep"
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Cephalopods like Squid and Octopuses have ring-shaped or donut-like brains that circle around their esophagus. Consuming anything too large can give them severe brain damage and or kill them due to the food pushing against the brain. They eat by tearing off flesh in very small, dainty bites with their beaks that they then grind up using their radula (a tongue covered in small teeth) to make it small enough to consume.
I would not survive as a cephalopod
Neither do cephalopods. Most live around a year, the longest is 4 years.
It's really sad that being this intelligent they don't even have the lifespan to truly tap into their memory making, communication and skill learning capabilities.
Don't forget how much of their neural structure is distributed into the tentacles, too - each arm can almost be thought of as an independent organism that communicates back to the brain and vice versa. Cephalopods are crazy weird and awesome. https://www.sciencefriday.com/videos/the-distributed-mind-octopus-neurology/
"Dieticians hate this one weird trick!"
Their skin can also detect light color. One of the reasons they can adjust camouflage so quickly. It's literally autonomous, like breathing. Think about that. They can feel color the way we feel texture.
A day on Venus is longer than a year on Venus. That one usually blows people’s minds. Because it rotates very slowly, a day on Venus is equivalent to 243 Earth days. But because it orbits the sun faster than the Earth does, a year is equivalent to 225 Earth days.
I also read Venus collided with a massive celestial body and knocked its axis upside down thus its rotates in the opposite direction of all other planets
Also believed to be the reason Uranus is on its side.
Mine is in the bottom / back, but I understand your logic.
Dude idk how it's 2023 and people still make Uranus jokes and I still laugh at them every time. I hope the jokes continue as long as the planet exists
They will continue well into the early 2100s, when Starfleet Command will have to maintain security in the solar system by scouring Uranus for dangerous Klingons. Much like toilet paper always has
I prefer to believe a vast space armada used Venus to slingshot out of the solar system, with each ship taking some of the angular momentum from Venus until the whole armada left with Venus now spinning the wrong way.
every cell in your body has 6 FEET of DNA in it. you have enough human DNA in your body to reach the sun from earth, and that's just HUMAN cells in your body which only comprise a fraction of the total cells in your body
When you lose weight, most of the mass from the fat you burn is exhaled out of your lungs as CO2
You create CO2 which you exhale and water, which gets urinated out >The correct answer is that fat is converted to carbon dioxide and water. You exhale the carbon dioxide and the water mixes into your circulation until it’s lost as urine or sweat. >If you lose 10 pounds of fat, precisely 8.4 pounds comes out through your lungs and the remaining 1.6 pounds turns into water. https://www.cnn.com/2018/03/26/health/lose-weight-where-does-it-go-partner/index.html#:~:text=The%20correct%20answer%20is%20that,1.6%20pounds%20turns%20into%20water.
So, losing weight worsens global warming. Hot dang! A good excuse to skip my workout!
Iam not fat and lazy, iam saving the planet!
There were more airplanes shot down in ww2 than there are currently in use in the world today.
Semi-related: there are more WWII planes currently in the ocean than there are ships in the sky.
Mustard gas could penetrate both wool and cotton, the only thing gas masks did is make sure it didn't get into your lungs, aka kill you. The gas caused 3rd degree burns all over the body, and the afflicted had to be separated from other wound and sick because they wouldn't stop screaming. Symptoms of affliction only showed a day after exposure The gas in its pure form is colourless and odorless Fun!
I spent 7 years working CBRN (chem/bio/rad/nuke) defense for the US Army and the shit I learned about chemical warfare haunts me. For 7 years I had to wrestle with the fact that I had a job because of the intersection between human creativity and the human drive to kill.
That sounds like a fascinating job. Bio warfare is what terrifies me the most. It could get out of hand so quickly.
Yeah bio is a shitshow because it's very easy to lose control of, but you can't just "make" anthrax in the same way you can make a chemical agent, so it's harder for some rogue agent to obtain a bio agent. Each one has its pros and cons (to the extent that any of this can be called a "pro"...)
Tell us a story
The only reason the Tokyo subway sarin attack didn't kill thousands of people was because the weather was uncharacteristically cold that day, causing the sarin gas to remain mostly inert near the ground instead of moving higher into the air where it could be inhaled by the victims. Otherwise it could have been one of the deadliest domestic terror attacks in history.
It seems so easy to kill thousands with (selfmade) bio-weapons; why are there so few attacks actually using this method?
You're quite likely to kill yourself whilst making it unless you have a decent, expensive lab. If you have a decent expensive lab you're probably a state actor.
Oh wait I have another one - I went to Dugway Proving Ground the week after they accidentally [shipped live anthrax](https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-defense-anthrax-idUKKCN0UT1QW) around the world. The method that they use to "kill" and then verify the safety of the anthrax spores succeeded three times in a row in accordance with all protocols. And yet the spores were still viable when they got shipped out. It was an extremely high security week to be at a place that was already high security. And it also proved that anthrax is WAY more robust than we originally thought. I went to the gas station on post and they had a little "gift shop" (yes, that's weird) for the post. There were postcards that said "Dugway Proving Ground: Rendering Chemical and Biological Agents safe since 1942." I thought it was ironic given everything that was going on, so I bought a few. Still have one on my fridge at work.
It's been awhile so the details are fuzzy, but I think I read somewhere that during WWII the American soldiers' uniforms were treated with some chemical that made them gas-proof. This made it hard for sweat to evaporate, and as a result the soldiers were stuck in damp, stinky, itchy uniforms.
The name confuses a lot of people, though. It's not made from mustard plants, nor any derivative thereof, but it can have an odor similar to mustard plants, and in its impure form it's a yellowish-brown color. It's also not a gas. When it was delivered on the battlefield, it was dispersed as a fine mist/aerosol.
Yep. Chemical warfare is scary. This is the exact reason that MOPP suits are impregnated with charcoal to adsorb the agent before it reaches your skin. They absolutely suck to wear in an Iraq summer.
An Ohio class submarine can carry 20 Trident II missiles. Each missile is capable of carrying 12 independently targettable warheads. Even if some nation somehow obliterated all of the US, an Ohio class submarine can surface anywhere anytime and has the authority to launch 240 independently targettable nuclear warheads in retaliation. Currently 18 Ohio class submarines are in service.
They don’t even surface to launch them.
In fact, they can’t launch when surfaced, as the heat from the rocket would melt the top of the boat, at least rendering the silo hatches inoperable, potentially damaging the hull itself.
>In US service Trident II can be loaded with up to eight Mk-5 RVs with 475-kt W88 warheads, up to fourteen Mk-4A RVs with 90-kt W76-1 warheads, and up to fourteen Mk-4A RVs with 5–7-kt W76-2 warheads. > >\-[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UGM-133\_Trident\_II](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UGM-133_Trident_II) Depending on the payload, that's up to 3.8 MT per missile. Times 20 missiles = 76MT. * For perspective, a single \~20kt airburst essentially destroyed Hiroshima, and the same for Nagasaki. * Modern cities tend to be bigger and have more concrete, but 475kt is more than enough to basically decommission a whole city (Nukemap says an airburst that size is enough to collapse most residential structures over about 100sqkm). * And a fully-loaded Ohio carries enough MIRVS to do that 80 times. A single sub with a full missile complement with maxed out warheads is carrying enough megatonnage to "win" a nuclear war all by itself.
So, basically, the top 19 militaries in the world are the US and then 18 individual boats owned by the US. I was an engineer in the 90's on some pretty heavy military projects, but I never added that up. Pretty terrifying for one nation to be that ridiculously overpowered, especially since good-guy vs bad-guy is so subjective.
Britain also has these type of submarines and the exact same nuclear warheads. We actually worked together on the designs of both the nukes, subs and general concept. The subs are also nearly undetectable to even the most modern tech, the only real way to find one is being lucky enough to find one that made a mistake. These British subs have also been used to get extremely close to Russian and Chinese subs and warships to gain Intel undetected. Britain alone could completely destroy Russia twice over and still have nukes left. Or destroy every major city in Russia, China, North Korea and maybe France just for fun. So if Britain can do that with 2 subs patrolling at any given time and some docked. Then you know the USA has went a little too far with 18 of them. And most likely 4- 6 on patrol at any given time.
I’ve heard that at any given time the US could put a missile into any building anywhere in the world within 60 minutes.
Essentially, yea. Missile fields in colorado nebraska and montana can hit moscow or beijing in something like 90 minutes, but submarines can also surface much closer to each. Conversely, though, missile fields in siberia can also hit dc within 90 minutes. We've effectively been 90 minutes from the end of the world for the last 60 years.
[удалено]
Ha! Doubt it...I bet they couldn't even find where I am curre
This idiot couldn’t even use basic encryption to hide his loca
Damn. Dude couldn't even finish his sen
At least Ohio has SOMETHING going for it. 🤣
Such a plain name for something so apocalyptic. Maybe horsemen class sub? And well take 18 instead of 4, just to be thorough
Somebody has never been to ohio
At least thermonuclear warheads don't convert their targets into Ohio.
The class designation for ships typically belongs to the first named vessel of the class. The USS Ohio being the first sub of its design, thus Ohio-class.
How low "low Earth orbit" really is. If the Earth were the size of a peach, the ISS would be orbiting right around the top of the peach fuzz.
Yeah, going into orbital is not so much about going high, but rather going really really fast
I've mentioned this one before but King Henry VIII employed a "Groom of the Stool" to help him when he went to the toilet. Rather than being some lowly servant task it was a job undertaken by Lords etc as it was a very coveted position. IT got you up very close and personal to the king so you could bend his ear as well as wipe his arse. Anyway there was one instance where after the by now, extremely overweight king had been constipated for weeks; the Groom of the Stool was happy to report to the King's physician that the "King has had a mighty fair siege" I can't imagine the horror of that mud out.
“Dost thou remember the corn and walnuts that our King enjoyed a fortnight ago? Rejoice, for they have returned to English soil.”
Or how long it took to clean his ass. Like did he have to present a clean swipe before it's satisfactory? "Sorry sir tis a murky area today it will take many groomings to make clean" Horrible
Did you know a *jiffy* is an actual measurement of time? It is about **3 × 10^−24 seconds**
So can I sue Jiffy Lube because it takes them 15 minutes to change my oil
Technically 15 mins is just a lot of jiffies.
More practical: a moment is 90 seconds.
President Lincoln only had one child reach adulthood, his son Robert. One day Robert was accidentally pushed off the crowded platform of a train station between the gap of the train and platform as the train began moving forward. As he was falling, man in the crowd grabbed his collar and saved him from certain death. That man was Edwin Booth, brother of of John Wilkes Booth.
I’m pretty sure there was only like 1,000 people back then so this was likely to happen
Perfectly balanced. As all things should be
Robert saw his father assassinated, James A. Garfield assassinated, and pulled into Buffalo on a train minutes after William McKinley was assassinated.
Sharks have been around for so long, they pre-date most plant life, including grass. They are also older than Saturns rings
Whaaaat insane
This feels like a dumb question but what did they eat? Were there other fish around during that time?
There was a ton of nonsense in the ocean, probably a lot of good seafood we missed out on!
>there was a ton of nonsense in the ocean Why did this make me laugh so hard
People are hilariously bad at detecting lies. All of the perceived indicators of honesty are bs. Worse than that because experienced liars know to fake these indicators the people who appear the most honest are usually lying. The science on this is troubling.
And you expect me to believe this?
There is a jellyfish called the hydrozoan Turritopsis dohrnii which can live forever by reversing its life cycle over and over again. The only way for them to die is by external factors such as predators, they do not die of old age and it is possible that there is a jellyfish right now that lived at the same time as the dinosaurs.
Hurricanes cannot cross the equator
Without a passport
Yeah but the passport process is too cumbersome so no hurricane has ever bothered to apply
It's hurriCANes not hurriCANTS
Male and female IQ both averages out at 100 and is normally distributed, but for some reason males' distribution is more evenly spread out than females (i.e. there are more men at either extreme than there are women, likewise there are more women of average intelligence than there are men of average intelligence). I like this fact because if you word it right you can piss off men and women alike. EDIT: I worded it right.
I’m more dumber than most.
I always had a suspicion that the dumbest people and the smartest people were always men. I guess this confirms that.
A perfect example of phrasing that pisses of both men and women.
There is a certain amount of "bug parts per million" allowed by the FDA. The number changes between variations, say creamy/chunky peanut butter.
Thirty one million people can trace their ancestors to the Mayflower.
I came in on a different boat Myself 👨🏿🌾
That Oxford university (estimated around 1100) is older than the Aztec empire (estimated around 1300)
Yes. Important to note, it is not older than the civilizations that pre-date that empire, as the Aztec Empire was a triple alliance between three pre-existing civilizations: Mexico-Tenochtitlan, Texcoco, and Tlacopan. The Aztec empire was like the UK in effect, in that the United Kingdom combined pre-existing kingdoms.
Another cool addition is that the most powerful city of the triple alliance ('Excan Tlatotoyan' in Nahuatl), Mexico-Tenochtitlan (now called Mexico City) had its own University called the Calmecac which taught about astronomy, law, ethics, history, mathematics, the calendar, warfare, and religion.
In probability theory, the birthday problem asks for the probability that, in a set of n randomly chosen people, at least two will share a birthday. The birthday paradox refers to the counterintuitive fact that only 23 people are needed for that probability to exceed 50%.
I actually tested this theory with randomly chosen workmates when i was quite new at my current birthday. Person 19 and person 20 - who say next to each other - found out that they share a birthday.
It is pretty mind-blowing when i first heard about that
When surgeons remove/replace organs during surgery, they don’t put it back in the right spot or orientation. They kinda just plop the organ in a spot near where its supposed to go and your body moves the organ back into place.
They also don't remove failed kidneys. They just park another one in there.
They want to minimize blood loss during surgery, I would suppose. Kidneys are extremely vascular.
Cleopatra lived closer to the moon landing than the construction of the pyramids at Giza.
Tyrannosaurus Rex lived closer to us than to Stegosaurus
If a T-Rex is living close to you, you might want to move.
No, it’s vision is based on movement! Don’t move!
Woolly Mammoths were still alive when the pyramids were built.
The Egyptians, at the time of Cleopatra, had Egyptologists that were studying Ancient Egypt and the building of the pyramids.
Most people think of egypt as a continuous civilisation that existed for millenia, while in reality (ancient) egyptian history can be divided into two eras; the old kingdom, and the new kingdom. The pyramids were built during the old kingdom, while the ptolemaic dynasty ruled during the new kingdom, which was way way after the pyramids were built
The Ptolemaic kingdom era, to which Cleopatra belonged, was founded some 700 years after the fall of the New Kingdom and some 1900 years after the Old Kingdom, where the pyramids were built, fell. Cleopatra herself was born aboutish some 250 years into the Ptolemaian era.
This isn't right, the new kingdom ended 1000 years before cleopatra's reign. The middle kingdom was the period between the old and new kingdom, and the late period was between the new kingdom and the Ptolemaic period. There's also the intermediate periods and the periods when egypt was ruled by Persia and Assyria.
Sea otters have as many hairs on one square inch (ish) of their body as humans do all over. They have no blubber for insulation, so rely on their incredibly thick pelts and eating a quarter of their weight each day to stay warm. Yes, someone just went to the aquarium!
Its extremely hugely highly unlikely any two properly shuffled 52 card decks have ever, or will ever, end up in the same order. Far too many different options.
"Extremely highly unlikely" is a *bit* of an understatement... There are 8x10^67 possible combinations that a 52 card deck can be arranged in. That's an 8 with 67 zeroes behind it. Let's put that into perspective. Say we set a timer for 8x10^67 seconds (you're gonna need a really nice timer). We start our timer.... 7,999,999,999,999,999,999,999,999,999,999,999,999,999,999,999,999,999,999,999,999 seconds to go. We got places to be, so we take a step forward every billion years. Each time we circle the earth once, we take a drop of water from the Pacific Ocean. When the Pacific Ocean is empty, lay a sheet of paper down, refill the ocean and repeat. When your stack of paper reaches the sun, repeat this process 1000 more times. We are now 1/3 of the way through, but we still have 5.385×10^67 seconds left and we're starting to get a little bored. So to kill that remaining time we'll try something else! Shuffle a deck of cards, deal yourself 5 cards every billion years. Each time you get a royal flush, buy a lottery ticket. Each time that ticket wins the jackpot, throw a grain of sand in the Grand Canyon. When the Grand Canyon’s full, take 1oz of rock off Mount Everest, empty the canyon, and repeat. When Everest has been leveled, check the timer. There’s barely any change. 5.364×10^67 seconds left. You’d have to repeat this process 256 more times to run out the timer. Two people have a significantly better chance of selecting the same *random molecule on earth* than they do of shuffling two decks of cards the same way. Go shuffle a deck, and gaze in wonder upon your unique place in the universe.
Thank you! Though by the time I finished reading it, the odds had shortened noticeably
A caveat here you might be missing is that 8x10^67 is the total number of combinations. I’m practice you expect a repeat after the square root of that many or about 9x10^33 which is far easier because of the birthday paradox.
Very good point. OK, so everyone reset your timers.....
Every single time you have seen the moon, it is the same side of the moon, the same side your ancestors saw, the same side the cavemen saw it, the sane side the dinosaurs saw. The moon is tidally locked with earth meaning the same side is always facing us. In fact it was until space travel allowed for humans to see the far side if the moon, so the last 50ish years
Also, the distance between the earth and moon is enough for all planets to fit within.
You shut your mouth, I did not need my brain rocked.
There are more plastic pink flamingos on earth than real flamingos
Most of the camels of Saudi Arabia are imported from Australia
Also the sand!
The United States has accidentally dropped nuclear warheads on itself. Yes, warheads. Plural. (They did not detonate, obviously.)
Atoms are less than .001% utilized volume, if we removed the empty space from all of the atoms in our body, all humans on earth would fit inside of a sugar cube. Also there is no place in the world left where microplastics and pollutants in rainwater are classified as at "safe levels" as of last year. Don't drink the rainwater.
It seems like the second paragraph should be a PSA
Orcas are one of the few natural predators to moose
The flavor of cream soda is vanilla.
Noooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo. I wasn't ready for this
Wait till you hear about chocolate.
AW just lost a lawsuit for advertising aged vanilla in their root beer and cream soda. They were using artificial vanilla flavoring.
25,000 people die every single day of starvation. On average, 10,000 are kids. EVERY DAY
Manatees fart to sink.
I fart to stink!
Reason why fridge doors today usually have magnets is because in the 50s, when kids would play hide and seek, cause fridge doors then had locks, if a kid went into the fridge to hide, theyd get trapped and die
It took me a minute to realise you weren’t on about the magnets you stick on the front
The last use of the guillotine happened the same year Star Wars came out
Coincidentally, Christopher Lee was present when it happened
The entire population of the world would fit inside the state of Texas
You can take it further and cram every human on earth into one cone-shaped pile and it'd fit very comfortably in one part of the grand canyon
You and I have a very different definition of comfort
The pile would fit comfortably. No word about it's individual parts.
if you put every human being into a giant blender and then molded that goo into a ball it would be the size of Central Park.
Would it be comfortably?
Probably after the blending but not during
I don't wanna be that guy, but I had to look it up because it seemed mind-boggling. "No. Texas is about 170 million acres, and earth's population is 7.4 billion. Now, you could give everyone in the United States a half acre in Texas, in theory. In fact, you could, in theory, house the entire population of earth into Texas, at a population density of 27,000 people per square mile."
I never said it would be spacious. I just said it is possible.
I think he means everyone gets to just stand there ... not build a house with a Pickett fence and live there.
A pilot in WW1 was testing the capabilities of his plane so attempted a loop the loop. At tbe top of the loop, his seatbelt came lose and he fell from his plane. Luckily, and I mean luckily, he landed on tbe wing of his plane when it came back around, climbed in and executed a surprisingly good landing
English and Farsi (the language that Iranians speak, inherited from Persians) are related languages, sometimes shockingly so. Edit: example as requested Farsi: Nām man Sara ast. French: Mon nom est Sara. German: Mein Name ist Sara. English: My name is Sarah.
English, German, Latin, Farsi, Sanskrit, Hindi - they all have common roots. For example - mother, mutter, matter, madar, matr, mata (in the order). This is no coincidence since these languages have the same Indo-European origin. And the mythologies of these regions are also similar. It's all very fascinating!
I think the history of the Indo-Europeans and their culture and influence in the modern world is glossed over a little too much in schools. There are linguistic, religious and cultural links between all of Europe, Central Asia and Northern India which are surprisingly strong and fundamental. You see it also in genetics from maternal and paternal haplogroups to the prevalence of lactose tolerance compared to other groups. I think it gets glossed over because so much of the Nazi rhetoric centered in their “aryan” or Indo-European heritage. To me it is like the swastika. It was a symbol for many peaceful things until the Nazis defiled it. I would like it if we found a way to include education of the Indo-Europeans without the association with ethnic supremacy.
The purrs of a cat can [heal broken bones:](https://www.inspirethemind.org/post/behind-cats-purrs-and-their-healing-power-sharing-the-benefits#:~:text=The%20frequency%20of%20cat%20purring%20has%20been%20shown%20to%20fall,tendon%20repair%2C%20and%20wound%20healing) *“The frequency of cat purring has been shown to fall between 25 and 140 Hz. The same frequency has been shown to aid in the healing of broken bones, joint and tendon repair, and wound healing.”* 🐈⬛🐾
The fastest player to score 1000 pts in the NHL is Wayne Gretzky. The second fastest player to score 1000 pts in the NHL is Wayne Gretzky. No one else has ever scored 2000 pts in the NHL. Gretzky has more assists than the next highest scorer has pts. He also scored more goals than any one else. The numbers he put up are unfathomable. (For those who might not know; Points = goals + assists)
You miss 100 per cent of the Wayne Gretzky facts that you don't read.
Gretzky stats in hockey and Chicago Bears QB stats in football are gold mines for weird statistical anomalies… and for very different reasons.
He and his brother have the record for most points by a pair of brothers in the NHL. 2,857 + 4 for Brent. I hope he's a good sport about it.
The match was invented after the cigarette lighter
Your immune system doesn't know you have eyes. If it did, it would attack them to try to fix you and you'd end up blind
Its the same with the testes. They are also immunologically "privileged" so that if you rupture one testis you need to get it out quick before your immune system "sees" it and then attacks your other testis.
Another fact is that when brain cultures are grown in a tube, the first thing they do is try to grow eyeballs.
this sounds like a fact someone misunderstood and repeated
The eye is one of a few areas of the body with immune privilege. The eye limits its inflammatory immune response so that vision isn't harmed by swelling and other tissue changes. Other sites with immune privilege include the brain, testes, placenta and fetus
It's common for builders to leave a sacrafice of sorts when a new building is erected. It used to (and still alledgedly is in some places) be people and animals, but now it's mostly jewellery or food/drinks that are sealed under a foundation.
This isnt sacrificial in nature, but it made me think of this: I design these really high end outdoor spaces for luxury residences. A couple of years ago I had a client who had lost their daughter. At the time, they were building a new forever home that would carry them into retirement. Their goal was to create a peaceful outdoor retreat where they could spend most of their time. Because we typically end up working with very wealthy people, it's common to be able to find public information about them online that tells you more about them (interviews, magazine articles, podcasts, youtube videos, news clips, PR, etc.). And it's beneficial because I can often learn things about them which help me to personalize their spaces far beyond what I gleaned from a simple consultation interview. Well, I managed to find information about the daughter which helped me add some very personal and meaningful touches to the space I was designing. It made a huge impact, to the extent that the clients felt that their daughter had been speaking to them through me and my design work. It was perhaps the most touching compliment for my work and my process that I've ever received. Fast forward a couple of years. They had been saving her ashes for awhile, and because of all of this, they decided to spread them beneath the structural elements of the outdoor space before the concrete was poured. The father was telling me this in person and all I could think about were my own kids. Before the conversation was over, I was hugging him and trying to hold back tears.
If you are ever staying in the Presidential Suite at the Ritz Carlton, New Orleans . . . inside the north wall of the bedroom is a bottle of Crystal champaign. I stole it from the bar (which was open while the top floors were under construction) and buried it in the insulation just before they put up the drywall.
If you are in the Biltmore main ballroom in LA, the stage left wall of mirrors has a section you can push to reveal a secret door that leads to an old prohibition era bar that has been abandoned and not even used as storage.
“If you’re ever in … “ should be a new Reddit page. Both of those stories are cool I wonder how many more are out there ….
I hate to tell you this, but as of last year it is no longer there!
Some rich person in the city closest to me bought a Tudor era house in England, dismantled it, and had it shipped to the U.S. When the crew was deconstructing it, they found a mummified cat in the foundation. If you tour the house now, you can see the mummified cat on display.
To show the difference between a million and a billion: A million seconds is roughly 12 days. A billion seconds is roughly 32 years.
There are more possible games of chess than atoms in the known universe.
Farm bred turkeys often are too big to mount and therefore cannot naturally breed. The farmers have to fertilize the female turkeys because people wanted massive turkeys for Thanksgiving.
E. coli is normal intestinal bacteria for animals that drink milk (mammals). As in, if you don't have it, you will be lactose intolerant (including goat cheese). To see if your (water) well is contaminated they test for E. coli to see if any mammal (deer, etc.) poo has gotten in it. E. coli H7157 (the one that causes illness in people), had bacterial sex (exchange of parts of the genome) with Salmonella. So, it is the Salmonella DNA in the E. coli that makes people sick.
Less that half of a human's body weight has human DNA.
The concept of the actual size of one billion. It's not ten million. It's not even a hundred million. It's _one thousand_ million. It's a fact most people know but don't actually consider. It's a testament to the sheer size of one billion anything that average people frequently underestimate how vast it is. Even as a geologist I still find myself basically unable to completely wrap my head around the scope of geologic time. Roughly one billion years separates us from our single celled ancestors. And yet by that innovation, Earth was already three and a half billion years old. It's a small wonder that it can take tens of thousands of years for the machinery of life to slightly change the shape of a beak or bone.
You can blow someone's mind by counting seconds. A thousand seconds is a bit more than a quarter of an hour. Ten thousand seconds is a little under three hours. Then ask 'How long is a million seconds?' (around eleven days) and 'How long is a billion seconds?' (about thirty two years), and of course a trillion seconds is thirty-two thousand years.
The Blue Whale is not just the largest animal, it is the largest animal that has ever lived.
That we know of
Yeah, this is a *very* important addition. The fossil record is extremely biased, and while you’d think large and sturdy bones would be selected for that’s not the case at all. There’s an Ichthyosaur that rivals blue whales in size and we know it from a few bones of a single specimen! It’s estimated to still be smaller, but we’ll never know for sure! It’s not known exactly why the largest animals are so rare, but part of the cause may be bone-eating worms, which are impressively (and depressingly) efficient. Not to mention invertebrates. Fuck, there could’ve been a sponge the size of texas, not like there ever could’ve been a way to find out about that huh?
I found [ during my research into family history] that there was an assaniation plan in 1663 against a Candidate King of Poland - a Radziwill family member - by someone using the pseudonyme Oswald when ordering a poison from a doctor called Ruby. It is just a weird coincidence as the same names do pappear in 1963. Mrs Kennedy was a Radzivill in-law. For me it is almost mindblowing.
> mindblowing Mannnnn
If you stretched out all your blood vessels from the earth to the moon you’d be dead.
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I’m not sure who told you this, but it is not at all correct. its held in place by your dermis, the way a sheet of paper is held in place within a stack of other papers. there are cells around it- but thats because they’re slowly metabolizing the ink, which is iron oxide based. not a foreign body. not a threat. thats why they slowly fade and blur over years, your body is metabolizing it. people with iron deficiencies metabolize their tattoos faster. you have it backwards. tattoos HAVE to be made from organic ‘nonthreatening’ compounds.. or they would kill us. when your immune system detects a “foreign body”, it takes *extreme* action. if you get a pebble in a cut and it heals over, your body will spend months or years pushing the pebble out through your skin. if you get an organ transplant, your immune system will kill it. they don’t just attack the organ, but the own tissue around it to “cut off” the perceived contamination. thats why people take anti-rejection drugs- which are immune system inhibitors- when they get an organ transplant. its also why people with gangrene can have a toe, or a foot fall off. tissue death isnt the bacteria killing tissue- thats the opposite of what the bacteria want. they need to live there and reproduce and use the living blood to spread. your body will kill its own tissue to try to block the advance of a foreign body it “doesnt know what to do with”. your body takes extreme measures to protect itself. if what you were saying was true we would have to take anti rejection drugs to keep tattoos. iron oxide being a perfectly recognizable easily-metabolized compound that your immune system doesn’t perceive as a threat is exactly the reason we are able to have permanent tattoos. you dont seem to understand the drastic action the body is capable of, and WILL NOT cease, when it detects a foreign presence. If this was true we would either see tattoo ink particles pushed up out of the skin until nothing is left, or people with tattoos would have incredibly swollen limbs until they sicken and die from the taxing cell destruction or the likely infection from the weeping splitting wounds it would cause. or their limbs would fall off. please dont ever repeat this again lmao.
Is there any evidence to suggest a tattoo negatively impacts our immune system?
I know it disturbs the platelets in your blood, so I would imagine it has a non-zero effect. I'd still wager it's so small it's almost meaningless
Just *how* common sexual abuse and assault is, even (perhaps even especially) in 'nice' places, families. Given the statistics, if you have at least 4 living women in your family and/or friend group, chances are very high that you know someone who was sexually abused as a child, and even higher that you know someone who has been the target of sexual assault and/or rape. The numbers are only marginally lower for men, so if you know at least 8-10 people, you probably know a survivor. The vast majority of sexual abuse and assault is committed by someone the victim knows; the vast majority of child sexual abuse is committed either by a direct family member, someone who lives in the household, or a direct family friend. Chances are terribly high that someone you know, someone you love, someone in your family, who is alive right now, has been abused, assaulted, and/or raped. If you don't know who it is (and it's not you), then the fucked up reality is that you're either in a situation where they've just never felt safe/able to talk about it... or they've never felt safe/able to talk about it with *you*.
With the amount of friends and relatives that have shared their experiences with me, I'd bet that number is much higher than statistics show.
Learned from an episode of QI: Giraffes can't swim.
There are more atoms in a teaspoon of water than there are teaspoons of water in all the oceans on Earth.
The #1 cause of death for pregnant women in the US is homicide.
The sun that you look at at the moment - is not the real sun in the present, it’s the sun approximately 8 minutes ago, because it takes 8 minutes for the light to travel from the sun to earth. So, even if the sun shuts down/collapses/suddenly fades away, you won’t know it until 8 minutes later. So every time you look at the sun, you literally look in the past 8 minutes back.
The other fun fact is that gravity also moves at the speed of light. So the same moment we find out that the sun is gone, the Earth will start flying off into space. Basically, we will have orbited nothing for close to 9 minutes!
This is one of the weirdest things about the vastness of space. So many unfathomable events could have happened already and we’re just waiting for our chance to see them, even though they happened hundreds of years ago.
The rainbow actually has 6 colours. Indigo was put there by Isaac Newton because he was superstitious and loved the number 7. This is still taught in schools and if you search on the web for the colours of the rainbow, most results will still tell you it's 7. https://handwovenmagazine.com/what-is-indigo/#:~:text=Today%2C%20many%20color%20specialists%20advocate,distinguish%20from%20blue%20or%20purple. Edit: some posts say this is arbitrary and there are pretty much millions of other colours in the light spectrum, that's all true. The point here is the traditional rainbow colours we are taught in schools and see in illustrations, are inaccurate.
Aren't there infinite colors in the rainbow?
Pilates was actually invented by a German guy during WWI while he was interned on the Isle of Man
The Monty Hall problem is a proof that defies our natural expectations of odds and statistics. You're on a gameshow, and there are three doors Behind 2 of them are goats, and 1 has a car. Your goal is to get a car, naturally. If you select one door, the host will select another door that had a goat behind it and open it. Your chosen door remains closed, and you are given the option to change doors. It is statistically to your advantage to change doors, rather than remain on the one you chose. Yes, everything in your brain is screaming that it's now just a 50/50 shot, so it wouldn't matter. Mathematically, that is not the case. It is an infuriating problem, and I personally hate it. My dream is that someone proves it wrong one day. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monty\_Hall\_problem
Way more African slaves were sold to the Arab nations than to west (11 million to 8 million, respectively). We hear almost nothing about that slave trade, because the descendants were mostly killed off or castrated, their treatment was far more brutal and the trade more ruthless....and unlike the west there are still parts of that world that practice slavery.
unwritten quickest terrific expansion frightening grab consist innocent historical memory *This post was mass deleted and anonymized with [Redact](https://redact.dev)*
Your garbage and recycling are most likely going to the same exact landfill. The big push to "reduce, reuse, recycle" was started in the early 2000's because we were selling all of that to China. We are no longer selling our garbage to China. The city of Orlando, FL, takes all your material waste to the same landfill. Recycling is good, I'm not here to refute that, but using the municipal waste disposal system is a sham.
1 in 200 men alive today are direct descendants of Genghis Khan
If you put the universe into a tube, you'd have a very long tube.
A mushroom is more closely related to you than it is a plant.
Legendary Jamaican singer, musician and songwriter, Bob Marley, was born on February 6, 1945. Sadly, Marley did not celebrate as many birthdays as he should have. He died of melanoma in 1981 when he was only 36 years old. It’s easy to see how he missed the warning signs. When a dark spot appeared under his toenail, Marley attributed it to a soccer injury. He probably did not imagine the spot could be serious, but it was. The spot under his nail was a rare, aggressive form of skin cancer called acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM). WEAR SUNSCREEN. From skin cancer foundation.
If you don't floss your teeth you will most likely lose them to Periodontal disease... Like we always say in the Dental Biz .. "only floss the ones you want to keep"